• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.10-17
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• 2024

In Korea, the common remedial process for reclamation of agricultural soils nearby abandoned mines involves chemical soil stabilization followed by covering with clean soil. This study investigated the chemical properties of cover soils and the validity of HCl extraction method in assessing the degree of As and heavy metal stabilization in stabilized soils collected from 14 plots where mine reclamation had been completed. The results revealed there were no major differences in contaminants extraction rate between the stabilized soils and contaminated soils, suggesting HCl extraction procedure is a less feasible method to determine the efficiency of the stabilization. Soil quality indicators including OM, SiO₂, P₂O₅, etc. of the land-covering soils were generally lower than those of stabilized soils that used to be the cultivation layer before the stabilization. Nonetheless, the value of those indicators didn't meet the regulatry limits of agricultural soil. Therefore, future strategy for mine reclamation should concentrate not only on contaminant concentration but also on soil quality parameters for agricultural use of the reclaimed soil.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2006년도 총회 및 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.11-15
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• 2006

Attempts were made to increase an efficiency of soil contamination investigation systems (SCISs) including Soil Network and Special Soil Contamination Management Facility Sites in Korea. In order to increase low efficiencies resulting from inappropriate SCISs, possible policy suggestions are driven based on the results from problem findings of Korean policy and comparisons of policies on industrialized countries including United States, United Kingdom, Germany, the Netherlands and Japan. First, functions of Soil Environment Conservation Act (SECA) on liability should be updated and reinforced to initiate a soil contamination investigation process for stakeholders including an owner(s) or a responsible party(ies) of the potentially soil contamination sites positively. Second, appropriate SCISs should be emerged for implementing the Soil Network and Special Soil Contamination Management Facility Sites properly. Stakeholders for the potentially contaminated sites should easily access and raise the soil contamination issues, and soil contamination investigation implemented by liable and profit environment (consulting) companies should be encouraged. Third, the soil contamination reporting system of SECA needs to change legally responsible. Further more, public announcement system showing soil quality of a site which exceeds a certain scale would be considerable. Fourth, liable environment (consulting) companies should legally execute Soil Environment Assessment of SECA.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제50권1호
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• pp.65-70
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• 2017

Soil was regarded as infinite resources but recently, soil is considered as invaluable resources that we need to protect and conserve. Main objective of this research was to evaluate soil value in terms of soil carbon contents. Soil was classified into forest, paddy, upland, and grass. Carbon contents in each soil was calculated based on soil chemical properties. Calculated soil carbon contents was ranged $15.31-108.86mg\;kg^{-1}$. Based on soil carbon contents, soil value was assumed adapting economic concepts. Calculated total soil value based on soil carbon contents was about 18.46 trillion won. Among others, carbon contents in forest was the highest and value was assumed 11.95 trillion won followed by paddy field (3.7 trillion won).

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.296-305
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• 2002

호남통에서 27년간('75~'01) 규산질비료의 시용량별, 볏짚퇴비 시용에 따른 년차간 벼수량 변화, 쌀 품질과 관련성분간의 관계 및 식물체 부위별 영양상태와 토양화학적 특성이 미질에 미치는 영향에 대하여 조사 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 3요소+규산질비료 $1,500kg\;ha^{-1}$와 3요소+볏짚퇴비 $10,000kg\;ha^{-1}$ 시용구는 3요소 대조구에 비하여 27년간 평균수량이 각각 15%, 10%의 증수효과가 있었다. 규산질비료 $1,500kg\;ha^{-1}$ 시용구가 3요소와 3요소+볏짚퇴비 시용구에 처리별 식미치와 품질평가는 비해 높았고, 쌀의 조단백질 및 아밀로스 함량은 낮았다. 그리고 규산질비료 1.500 및 $2,500kg\;ha^{-1}$ 시용구는 볏짚퇴비 시용구에 비하여 벼식물체의 질소, 인산함량은 낮았으나 $SiO_2$ 함량은 더 많았다. 벼품질평가치와 식미치와는 정의 유의상관이 있었으나, 쌀의 조단백질 함량과 아밀로스 함량 간에는 부의 유의상관이 인정되었다. 또한 볏짚중의 Mg/N, $Mg/N{\cdot}K_2O$, $SiO_2/N$, $SiO_2/P_2O_5$와 $SiO_2/K_2O$ 등 양분함량비는 식미치와 정의상관이 있었으나, 조단백질, 아밀로스 및 지방산함량 과는 부의상관이 인정되었다. 27년차 시험후 토양pH와 $SiO_2$함량은 식미치와 벼곡실의 품질평가치와는 높은 정의상관이 인정되었으나, 인산 및 칼리 함량과는 부의 관계가 있었다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.583-596
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• 2005

Samples of water, soil, and sediment were taken from 10 streams of Andong city in Gyeongbuk province in October 2004. To assess the degree of environmental pollution for each stream site, the chemical analyses of pollutants such as T-N, T-P, COD, heavy metal, organophosphorous and organochlorine pesticides, and dioxin-like PCB congeners were implemented using the standard process tests or the U. S. EPA methods. In addition, biological assessment using insect immune biomarkers was conducted on the same environmental samples to complement the chemical assessment. Except Waya stream (T-N; 2.91 mg/L, T-P; 0.16 mg/L, COD; 14.0 mg/L) with above the environmental quality standards, the T-P and COD concentrations of 9 sites are relatively low. The contents of Pb and Cd in samples taken from each stream were much lower than environmental quality standards. However, in comparison with soil samples of other streams, several times higher concentrations of Pb and Cd were found in locations at Mi, Gilan, Yeonha, and Waya stream sites. Dementon-S-methyl, diazinon, parathion, and phenthoate compounds among organophosphorous pesticides were detected as concentrations of ppb levels, respectively, from soil samples collected in the vicinity of Gilan, Mi, Norim, and Waya stream. On the other hand, 16 organochlorine pesticides and 12 dioxin-like PCB congeners selected in this study were not found in all samples. In particular, considering significant disrupting effects of Waya stream's samples on insect immune capacity, this stream seems to be contaminated with investigated and/or univestigated pollutants in this study.

• 환경생물
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.307-315
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• 2022

본 연구에서는 서식지 질적 평가에 대한 추진체계를 6단계로 구분하고, 평가 대상지 선정 방법과 서식지 질적 평가 항목을 제시하였다. 서식지 질적 평가 항목은 서식지의 건강성, 안정성, 단절화 및 파편화 정도, 서식지 적합성, 위협 정도 등에 대한 종합적인 평가가 가능하도록 구성되었다. 그러나 현시점에서는 자료부족으로 인하여 서식지 질적 평가 체계가 적용 가능한 멸종위기종이 극히 일부에 해당된다. 서식지 질적 평가 체계는 향후 멸종위기종들에 관한 서식환경자료가 축적되고 이를 기반으로 평가항목들에 대한 정량적 기준 및 가중치가 부여되면 멸종위기종별 주요 서식지에 대한 보전방안 마련에 크게 기여할 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제57권1호
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• pp.25-35
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• 2015

As livestock manure treatment is becoming a problem, manure application in forest plantation is recommended as an alternative. In this study, to investigate the impact due to liquid manure application in forest plantation, soil, soil water and shallow groundwater quality had been monitored in poplar experimental site where the liquid manure (LM) was applied. Water samples were collected weekly during growing season (April to October) from 2008 to 2011. From the monitoring results, phosphorus concentration in the soil and soil water had no significant difference between LM and control plots. $NO_3$-N concentration of soil water in LM, however, showed higher concentration (13.6 mg/l at 40 cm, 35.1 mg/l at 80 cm) than control plot (1.5 mg/l at 40 cm, 0.5 mg/l at 80 cm). In case of shallow groundwater quality, pH, heavy metal, etc. were satisfied to the national agricultural water quality standard of groundwater and there were no significant difference between upstream and downstream. The $NO_3$-N concentration of shallow groundwater was also not exceeded the national drinking water standard. However, $NO_3$-N concentration in soil water and downstream of shallow groundwater had increased in 2011 when non-composted LM was applied mostly in non-growing season of tree (September). From the results, it is important to control nitrogen source, application time and decomposed or not when LM is applied. In addition, to investigate nitrate source, further long-term monitoring and modelling could be necessary.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2007년도 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.652-656
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• 2007

The major streams in South Korea have established the TMDL(Total Maximum Daily Loads) regulation for just 4 years. Traditional concepts in water quality management in South Korea are based upon the selection of a design streram flow which is 10-year averged flow exeedance probability 75%(Q275). That is, a single flow value based upon average long term flow conditions is chosen for application in dilution calculations, permit design, water quality modeling, etc. While these TMDLs seems to satisfy the requirement of the target water quality regulations, they have contributed little to any watershed/waterbody assessment and restoration plans. These types of TMDLs do little to characterize the problems the TMDLs are intended to address. For TMDLs to be more beneficial in the assessment and implementation process, TMDLs should reflect adequate water quality across flow conditions rather than at a single flow value such as average daily flow. In this paper, we developed LDC (load duration curve) methodology for theevaluation of Korean TMDL evaluation based on watershed scaled, physically based on SWAT(Soil and Water Assessment Tool) model.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.9-22
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• 2003

To consider environmental characteristics in the scope of geochemistry of streams, Hwasun area, soil, sediment and water samples near/in the streams were analyzed in texture and metal contents of soil and sediment and in quality in water. From those analyses, the soils are loamy sand, sandy loam, loam and silty loam in texture. And, the sediments are slightly gravelly sand, gravelly sand and gravelly muddy sand in facies. Metal contents in soils and sediments are of high near Hwasuneup and Hwasun coalfield. In peculiar, P, Co, Li, Ni, Zn and Pb exceed over crust mean contents. Physico-chemistry of above streams according to pH-Eh and Piper's diagrams indicates that the streams are, typically, assigned to natural river water. Water qualities of BOD, T-N and T-P in areas near Hwasun coalfield, Dongmyeon and Hwasuneup are polluted over V level. Enrichment factor(EF) representing metal condensation in P, Cu, Zn and Pb appear near Hwasun coalfield and Hwasuneup from the soil and sediment samples, in part. Additionally, river water in dry season is very high in BOD, T-N, $Na^+$ and ${SO_4}^{2-}$. It is suggested that the relatively high metal contents in the stream be connected with above coalfield and urban areas.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.47-52
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• 2010

국내 10개의 폐금속 광산을 대상으로 토양의 물리적, 화학적 및 생물학적 특성과 자생하고 있는 쑥(Artemisia princeps var. orientalis)의 카드뮴(Cd) 함량을 분석하였다. 식생이 없는 대조군 토양과 쑥 근권 토양의 Cd 함량은 산술평균으로 각각 5.92와 5.91 mg/kg으로 나타났으며, 분산분석 결과 두 토양간의 Cd 함량에는 유의한 차이가 없었다(p < 0.05). 그리고 쑥의 지상부와 지하부의 Cd 함량은 근권 토양의 Cd 함량과 유의한 상관관계를 보였다(p < 0.05, ${R^2}_{shoot}$ = 0.3120, ${R^2}_{root}$ = 0.4177). 쑥의 Cd 흡수 해석을 위하여 주성분 분석(PCA)을 실시한 결과, 최소 토양질 인자(MDS)로 유기물 함량 (OM), 탈수소효소 활성도(DHA), pH, 치환성 Mg가 선정되었다. MDS를 이용한 다중회귀분석 결과, 쑥의 지상부와 지하부의 Cd 함량의 회귀식에 대한 결정계수($R^2$)는 각각 0.3418과 0.5121로 나타났다. 이것은 MDS를 이용한 통계적인 토양질 평가가 식물의 중금속 흡수를 해석하는 유용한 기법이라는 것을 나타낸다.