• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2003년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.46-52
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• 2003

In this study, the full scale testing method of the geogrid-reiuorced soil Segmental Retaining Walll(SRW) under the simulated train loading were proposed in order to evaluate the applicability of reinforced soil SRW in railway embankment. The train loading was simulated by the design static wheel load and the impact coefficient due to the train passing velocity. This test was focused on the static performance of reinforced soil SRW in terms of the following measuring systems ; the horizontal earth pressure displacement acting on the facing block and the tensile strain along the geogrid. The data gathered from this full scale testing was compared with numerical analysis results by FLAC.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.175-181
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• 2003

본 논문에서는 상향 침투시험기를 이용하여 3가지 시료에 대하여 상향 투수시험을 수행하였고, 이를 통하여 한계속도, 한계동수경사, 투수계수 등을 산정하여 기존의 세굴 검토 방법에 대한 신뢰성을 파악하였다. 또한 세굴 설계인자에 대하여 FEM Program인 Plaxis를 이용하여 민감도 분석을 수행하였다. 민감도 분석결과 제방 하부의 출구부 동수 경사에 가장 영향을 많이 미치는 인자는 중심코어의 높이로 나타났다. 또한 제방의 구배와 뚝마루 폭이 중심코어의 높이 다음으로 세굴에 영향성이 큰 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 중심코어의 뚝마루폭은 출구부의 동수경사 변화에 영향이 적은 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 민감도 분석결과를 이용하여 설계시 동수경사가 기준 동수경사보다 크게 나타날 경우 민감도 변화가 큰 설계인자를 변경하여 경제적이고 보다 손쉬운 출구부 동수경사 저감이 가능하리라 판단된다.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.561-571
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• 2021

Cofferdams made of teel sheet piles are commonly utilized as support structures for excavation of sea-crossing bridge foundations. As cofferdams are often subject to tide variation, it is imperative to consider potential effects of tide on stability and serviceability of sheet piles, particularly, ultralong steel sheet piles (USSPs). In this study, a real USSP cofferdam constructed using new construction technology in Nanxi River was reported. The design of key parts of USSP cofferdam in the presence of tidal action was first introduced followed by the description of entire construction technology and associated monitoring results. Subsequently, a three-dimensional finite-element model corresponding to all construction steps was established to back-analyze measured deflection of USSPs. Finally, a series of parametric studies was carried out to investigate effects of tide level, soil parameters, support stiffness and construction sequence on lateral deflection of USSPs. Monitoring results indicate that the maximum deflection during construction occurred near the riverbed. In addition, measured stress of USSPs showed that stability of USSP cofferdam strengthened as construction stages proceeded. Moreover, the numerical back-analysis demonstrated that the USSP cofferdam fulfilled the safety requirements for construction under tidal action. The maximum deflection of USSPs subject to high tide was only 13.57 mm at a depth of -4 m. Sensitivity analyses results showed that the design of USSP cofferdam system must be further improved for construction in cohesionless soils. Furthermore, the 5th strut level before concreting played an indispensable role in controlling lateral deflection of USSPs. It was also observed that pumping out water before concreting base slab could greatly simplify and benefit construction program. On the other hand, the simplification in construction procedures could induce seepage inside the cofferdam, which additionally increased the deflection of USSPs by 10 mm on average.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2010년도 추계 학술발표회
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• pp.40-48
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• 2010

Saemangeum reclaimed area is needed to construct much green zone to make high-quality multi-functional land such as tide embankment, lake dike, industrial complex, environmental spaces, etc. However, growth of plants is somewhat difficult because a salinity of Saemangeum soil is very high and a soil fertility, water content of soil are low. Therefore, it is essential to initial desalination of soil and continuous management for planting base. It is recommended that a group of grassland to raise the efficiency of covering should be made in the first stage and a forest by improvement of vegetation should be made in the mid and long term stage. It is recommended that the construction of vegetation base should be made with a regular thickness of soil of good quality in multi-functional area such as a shrub and wood. In case of construction of a windbreak forest, it is necessary to make a wood base of suitable depth using soil brought from another place or filling of soil. Also, it is necessary to keep a maintenance of woods in early stage. Saemangeum reclaimed land will be brand-named worldwide tourist attractions due to construction of much green zone having high quality multi-functional facilities.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.17-26
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• 2018

This study systematically examines the changes in the compressive and tensile strength of soil cement reinforced by natural hair fiber, which is regularly produced from human. Extensive experimental tests of various test specimens have been carried out in a laboratory. Several factors are considered, including the soil type, amount of cement, amount of fiber, fiber length, loading type, and curing age. The test results indicate that both the compressive and tensile strengths are significantly affected by the fiber, either increasing or decreasing depending on the conditions. The increase in tensile strength is significant in the sand-based soil cement due to the tensile resistance of the fiber which is interlocked with the surrounding soil or cement particles. The natural fiber provides a larger strain to failure due to its extensibility, which allows greater deformation. Based on the test results, natural hair fibers can be an effective and environmentally friendly way to improve soil ground subjected to tensile loading, such as an embankment slope, road subgrade, or landfill, thus reducing the cost for cement and waste treatment. The study results provide a useful information of better understanding the mechanical behavior of natural hair fiber in soil cement and the practical use of waste materials in civil engineering. The findings can be practically applied for improving earth structures under tensile loading.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제78권4호
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• pp.425-437
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• 2021

Under foundation shock mats have been used in the current practice in order to reduce/damp vibrations received by buildings through the surrounding environment. Although some investigations have been made on under foundation shock mats performance, their effectiveness in the reduction of railway induced-vibrations has not been fully studied, particularly with the consideration of underneath soil media. In this regard, this research is aimed at investigating performance of shock mat used beneath building foundation for reduction of railway induced-vibrations, taking into account soil-structure interaction. For this purpose, a 2D finite/infinite element model of a building and its surrounding soil media was developed. It includes an elastic soil media, a railway embankment, a shock mat, and the building. The model results were validated using an analytical solution reported in the literature. The performance of shock mats was examined by an extensive parametric analysis on the soil type, bedding modulus of shock mat and dominant excitation frequency. The results obtained indicated that although the shock mat can substantially reduce the building vibrations, its performance is significantly influenced by its underneath soil media. The softer the soil, the lower the shock mat efficiency. Also, as the train excitation frequency increases, a better performance of shock-mats is observed. A simplified model/method was developed for prediction of shock mat effectiveness in reduction of railway-induced vibrations, making use of the results obtained.

• 한국방재학회 논문집
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.91-100
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• 2010

본 논문에서는 절 성토 사면의 안정성에 영향을 미치는 영향인자의 민감도 분석을 수행하였다. 사면안정성 해석은 건기 및 우기조건, 지진시로 구별하여 해석하였다. 건기와 우기 조건에 대한 민감도 분석결과, 절토사면에서는 점착력, 내부마찰각, 단위 중량 등이 사면안정성에 미치는 영향은 우기조건 보다 더 큼을 알 수 있고, 성토사면에서는 건기와 우기조건에서 모두 유사한 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 수평지진계수는 전체사면에서 건기와 우기조건에 관계없이 유사한 값의 범위로 영향을 미치는 것으로 분석되었다. 강도정수인 점착력과 내부마찰각은 건기 및 우기조건에 관계없이 사면안정성에 단위중량, 지진계수에 비하여 상대적으로 큰 영향을 미치는 영향인자로 나타났다.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제28권8호
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• pp.89-99
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• 2012

연약지반 구간의 도로 확장공사는 연약지반의 특성으로 인해 우선 시행되는 확장 부 성토 시 발생되는 침하로 기존고속도로에 연동침하가 발생된다. 이 경우 지반침하 및 변형에 의한 포장 평탄성 불량, 차량 주행 안전성 저하, 구조물 안정성 감소 등 시공 및 기존도로 유지관리에서 많은 어려움을 유발한다. 특히 대심도 연약지반에서는 이와 같은 문제가 발생될 수 있는 여지가 대단히 높다. 따라서 이러한 문제점이 고려된 설계가 이루어져야 할 것이다. 본 연구에서는 연약지반 분포심도 최대 약 50m가 존재하는 남해고속도로 제2지선 확장공사를 대상으로 기존 설계안의 현황을 파악한 후 그 개선안을 제시하였다.

• 지질공학
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.191-202
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 부지조성을 위해 매립한 해성퇴적지반을 대상으로 성토량의 증가에 따라 발생되는 침하량과 측방유동량을 분석하여 연약지반의 깊이 및 성토하중을 고려한 침하량과 측방유동량 산정식을 제안하였다. 이를 위해 압성토공법이 적용된 해성퇴적지반 개량구간으로부터 현장조사와 실내시험 및 현장시험을 실시하였으며, 여러 계측기기를 설치하여 현장계측을 수행하였다. 그리고 이들 조사, 시험 및 계측결과로부터 지반의 분포상태, 물성 및 공학특성을 파악하였으며 회귀분석을 통한 침하량과 측방유동량을 산정하였다. 연구지역의 지층은 상부로부터 매립층, 퇴적층 및 기반암층으로 구성되어 있으며 자연적으로 형성된 점토층은 3.9~44.5 m 두께로 분포하고 있다. 그리고 지반개량을 위한 성토고는 4.7~7.8 m이고 이로 인해 발생된 침하량과 측방유동량은 각각 0.959~2.217 m 및 0.048~0.313 m 범위인 것으로 나타났다. 회귀분석을 실시한 결과 성토에 따른 침하량 및 측방유동량 산정식은 각각 $s=0.02h^2+0.11h$ 및 ${\delta}=0.01e^{0.37h}$와 같이 제시할 수 있다. 제안된 이들 경험식은 연구지역과 유사한 조건을 가진 해성퇴적지반에서 성토하중에 따른 침하량과 측방유동량을 개략적으로 산정할 시 적용이 가능할 것이다.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.1-17
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the creation techniques of artificial wetland, one of biotopes developed to promote biodiversity in urban areas, and to look for improvement steps. Specifically, artificial wetland creation techniques were categorized into living environment and living creature classification. Being living conditions for creations, habitat environment was reviewed with a focus on water and soil environments. Living creatures were classified into plants, insects, fish, and birds. The evaluation of creation techniques was done in post-construction evaluation while considering the creation of habitats for living creatures. Intervention by users, changes in living environment and living species, and relevance of creation techniques were reviewed. Key results of this study are as follows. (1) Water environment for the living environment of creatures provides a suitable environment conditions for the living of creatures through a process easing the use of piped water. Various water depths and embankment appear to have a positive impact on the living of aquatic life. In particular, embankment covered in soil naturally played an important role as a place for the activities of aquatic insects and young fish as well as the growth of aquatic plants. (2) Various aquatic and ground plants to promote insect-diversity, shallow water, and old-tree logs had contributed greatly in increasing the types and number of insects. Aquatic insects. Aquatic insects were seen much particularly in areas where aquatic plants are rich but water is shallow than any other areas. (3) A space piled with stone to provide habitats for fish was not much used. However, it was observed that fish used embankment built with natural stones and embankment using logs in areas where water is deep. In addition, it was confirmed that 1,500 fish that had been released propagated using various depths and places for birth. (4) It was analyzed that techniques (creation of island, log setting, and creation of man-made bird nests) to provide habitats and to attract birds are not serving their roles. In such a case, it is believed that species had not increased due to the smallness as well as isolated features of the area. Based on theoretical review, they are judged to be areas that are likely to be used when a greater variety of birds is introduced. It is judged that attracting and keeping more birds at the site, such spaces need to be linked systematically in the future in terms of building eco-network while ensuring an adequate living areas. (5) In the study areas, users intervened greatly. As a result, a blockage was created preventing the normal growth of plants and non-indigenous plants were introduced. In order to limit the intervention by users, setting enough buffer zones, and environment education programs were urgently required. D/H=1>Hyangkyo> houses on the river>temples>lecture halls. D/H ratio of the backside areas is as follows. D/H=1>Hyangkyo>houses on the river>lecture halls. 4. Inner garden were planted deciduous than evergreen trees with Lagerstroemia indica. Enclosed dominant trees were planted by Pinus densiflora, Querces seuata. construct GEM strain, and examined for the expression and functional stability in microcosms.