• East Asian mathematical journal
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.317-330
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• 2018

We develop a mathematical model for the obesity dynamics to investigate the long term obesity trend with the consideration of psychological and social factors due to the increasing prevalence of obesity around the world. Many mathematical models for obesity dynamics adopted the modeling idea of infectious disease and treated overweight and obese people infectious and spreading obesity to normal weight. However, this modeling idea is not proper in obesity modeling because obesity is not an infectious disease. In fact, weight gain and loss are related to social interactions among different weight groups not only in the direction from overweight/obese to normal weight but also the other way around. Thus, we consider these aspects in our model and implement personal weight gain feature, a psychological factor such as body image dissatisfaction, and social interactions such as positive support on weight loss and negative criticism on weight status from various weight groups. We show that the equilibrium point with no normal weight population will be unstable and that an equilibrium point with positive normal weight population should have all other components positive. We conduct computer simulations on Korean demography data with our model and demonstrate the long term obesity trend of Korean male as an example of the use of our model.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.612-618
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• 2014

A pattern classifier-based approach for recognizing internal states of human participants in interactions is presented along with its experimental results. The approach includes a step for collecting video recordings of human-human interactions or humanrobot interactions and subsequently analyzing the videos based on human coded annotations. The annotation includes social signals directly observed in the video recordings and the internal states of human participants indirectly inferred from those observed social signals. Then, a pattern classifier is trained using the annotation data, and tested. In our experiments on human-robot interaction, 7 video recordings were collected and annotated with 20 social signals and 7 internal states. Several experiments were performed to obtain an 84.83% recall rate for interaction engagement, 93% for concentration intention, and 81% for task comprehension level using a C4.5 based decision tree classifier.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.269-279
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• 2022

Purpose: This study investigated the factors that influence parenting stress, including hardiness, parent-child interactions, and social support, to provide basic data for developing a program to reduce parenting stress in North Korean refugee mothers. Methods: A descriptive study design was used. Data were collected between September and December 2021, and 123 North Korean refugee mothers participated. Results: The mean scores were 69.42 out of 135 for hardiness, 48.45 out of 144 for interactions, 47.32 out of 90 for social support, and 51.84 out of 90 for parenting stress. The parental distress score was higher than that of child-related stress. Hardiness was significantly related to North Korean refugee mothers' parenting stress. Multiple regression analysis indicated that the explanatory power for hardiness and the number of supporters was approximately 19% for parenting stress (F=6.84, p<.001). As such, the factors with a relatively strong influence on parenting stress were hardiness (β=-.40, p<.001) and having four or more supporters (β=-.27, p=.027). Conclusion: This study's findings suggest the need to identify ways to increase North Korean refugee mothers' psychological hardiness and encourage them to extend their sources of social support and enhance their style of parenting.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.143-165
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• 2020

The rapid growth of economic transactions generated by live streaming broadcasts ("LSB") has created opportunities for retailers to increase sales. However, little is known about what impact LSB celebrities have on customers and what causes LSB celebrities to become famous. This study aimed to fill this gap by studying the economics of LSBs. This study was conducted through a para-social relationship and attractiveness theory framework. Consequently, social and task attraction were assumed to be the antecedents of the para-social relationship that induced purchase intention. This study examined the impact of relationship rewards, self-disclosure, affective interactivity, informative interactivity, and the amount of information provided on purchase intentions through LSB. Celebrities can use the results of this study to enhance their appeal to fans and promote customers' purchase on e-commerce. This study contributed to the IS field by investigate the impact of para-social relationship on the online shopping context.

• 의학교육논단
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.56-62
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• 2022

Despite current regulations requiring social distancing due to coronavirus disease 2019, problem-based learning (PBL) requires student interaction to achieve common goals and enhance critical thinking and deep learning abilities. Social presence in the online education environment reduces both perceptions of physical distance and psychological distance in interactions. This study aimed to compare PBL activities between in-person and videoconferencing classes, and to investigate social presence and learning satisfaction in a videoconferencing PBL environment. The PBL consisted of six modules for both the first and second years of Chonnam National University Medical School. As social distancing was strengthened, the second class of the fifth module in both years was converted to an online format and the fifth module was excluded. The first four PBL modules were conducted as in-person classes, but the last PBL module was administered via videoconferencing. After the final PBL module, 100 (81.3%) first-year medical students and 90 (79.6%) second-year students were asked to complete a self-administered questionnaire on social presence and learning satisfaction. There were no significant differences in the small group activities of tutorial sessions between in-person and videoconferencing classes. In the online videoconferencing class, students who had favorable attitudes toward the tutors' social role and interactions with peers showed high satisfaction with their learning. In conclusion, online videoconferencing allows students to simultaneously perceive their interactions with others and social presence, even at a distance. Tutors can enhance a sense of online community and collaborative learning as facilitators of online PBL.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.75-88
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• 2008

이 연구는 과학탐구실험을 진행하는 과정에서 나타나는 상호작용의 변화양상을 분석하여 상호작용의 특성과 상호작용의 변화에 영향을 미치는 요인을 알아보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 1년 동안 13개의 탐구실험활동이 진행되는 동안 교사가 추천한 두 동질모둠을 관찰하면서 녹음/녹화하였다. 40차시의 녹음/녹화자료는 모두 전사되었으며, 자료는 메모하면서 보고 듣는 과정을 반복하는 방법을 기초로 분석하였다. 분석결과 두 동질모둠의 변화방향은 현저히 달랐는데, 모둠 A는 모둠원간 감정대립이 심해 상호작용을 통한 학습이 불가능하게 된 반면, 모둠 B는 상호작용의 수준이 높아지고 있었다. 두 모둠의 상반된 변화는 모둠원의 의견이나 감정을 중재할 수 있는 동료의 존재여부에 의해 가장 크게 영향 받는 것으로 보인다. 전반적으로 볼 때, 학생들은 동료의 의견을 받아 논의하는 방법에 서툴렀고, 보고서 완성을 중시하였으며, 성취도가 낮은 학생이 소외되는 경향이 있었다. 또한 목표를 이해에 두는가, 동료의 의견을 존중하는가, 동료를 배려하는가, 분위기의 중재자가 있는가에 의해 상호작용의 변화방향이 달라지고 있었다. 이로부터 상호작용을 강조한 활동의 진행과 모둠구성에 대한 시사점을 얻을 수 있었으며, 이에 대해 논의하였다.

• Child Studies in Asia-Pacific Contexts
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.81-103
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• 2013

This study explored social media use among 50 adolescents attending a public high school in a non-Western community. Adolescents participated in focus group interviews and completed a written self-report survey. Findings revealed that these teenagers use electronic communication forms such as phone texting and social networking sites to connect with friends and family. They show a preference for Facebook, YouTube, and Instagram, do not engage in risky Internet behavior, and acknowledge both positive and negative aspects of electronic communication forms. In addition, their selection of electronic communication forms is dependent upon several factors that include the strength of the relationship and type of discourse exchange. For example, they reserve phone texting and cell use, which are more private communication mediums for family and friends. Electronic communication did not replace face-to-face interactions; rather it complemented and extended those interactions. Findings support existing literature on adolescent social media use and those shared with other collectivist cultural groups.

• 한국정보시스템학회지:정보시스템연구
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.159-178
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• 2007

As generalization of using PC and the Internet information technology (IT) users in organizations are not passive clients but active producers of information services. One of the reasons for the change of users' role is social interactions with other users and IT department staffs. That is, users can find and develop new functions and usefulness of IT, especially, Web-based ones through communication with other users or IT department staffs. The objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between IT department service quality and social interactions with other users. For this purpose, we suggest a research model based on adaptive structuration theory (AST), which is to explain the changes in social structure (rules and resources) of IT by social interactions, as well as service quality theory. Our model's exogenous variable is service quality which is a second-order factor consisting of reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy. As endogenous variables, we adopt two variables for appropriateness of using IT, faithfulness of appropriation and consensus on appropriation. Finally, dependent variables of ow model are usefulness and ease of use which can be considered as attitude on IT as well as other variables for appropriateness. For empirical test our model is applied to users of groupware and ERP in organizations and analyzed by partial least square. In result, all hypotheses suggested in our model are supported statistically.

• 한국보육지원학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.105-124
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• 2021

Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore the pathway from mothers' overprotective parenting to their child's peer play interactions mediated by internalizing problems, that is, social immaturity and withdrawal. Methods: Surveys were conducted on mothers and teachers of 341 children aged three to five. SPSS 22.0 was used to analyze the data using descriptive statistics. Structural modeling analysis was also implemented to test theoretical model using AMOS 21.0. Results: Maternal overprotective parenting, which increased social immaturity of their child, indirectly reduced the child's positive interactions with peers during play. Mothers' overprotection led to a higher level of withdrawal of their child while the effect of children's withdrawal on their peer play interaction was not significant. Because overactive parenting of mothers had no direct effect on peer play interaction, the complete mediation model representing a path from maternal overprotection to children's peer play interaction via their internalizing problems was partially supported. Conclusion/Implications: This study shows that overprotective mothers hinder their child to experience confident and mature manners, and eventually lead their child to be socially unskillful and incompetent. It was suggested to explore more individual characteristics of mothers and children to help overprotective mothers to take a step back.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.183-188
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• 1992

Behaviour of 7 horned Japanese Black Cattle (3-9 years old) kept in a $450m^2$ dry-lot under loose housing condition was observed in the daytime (0930-1730 h) during 3 consecutive days. Eating and lying behaviour of cattle and the positions of all animals when lying together were recorded at 10-min intervals. Agonistic encounters and social licking interactions in the herd were also recorded. The cattle established a social hierarchy which was near linear. An irregularity in the diurnal rhythm of lying behaviour was found on the 3rd day, which appeared to be caused by oestrus behaviour of a herdmate. Eating frequency showed greater variation among individuals than lying frequency, and the most dominant animal ate most frequently in the herd. The spatial pattern of the herd when lying indicated a relatively loose dispersion in the lot. Higher ranking cattle tended to lie down more frequently near the hay rack in the lot, so that lower ranking animals had more difficult access to feed. Cattle with more social licking interactions had a tendency to lie down near each other irrespective of proximity of social order, therefore it was suggested that social preference among particular individuals occurred in the herd.