• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.302-306
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• 2003

The purposes of this study were to investigate eating attitudes and food Preferences among female college students by their body constitution types, such as Tae-yang, Tae-eum, So-yang, and So-eum by using the more accurate and objective classification method of the Sasang Constitutional Medicine. People with Tae-eum (51.6%)body constitution type showed the highest percentage level, followed by So-yang (33.0%) and So-eum (15.4%)body constitution types. In respect to the taste preference, people with Tae-eum and So-yang body constitution types tended to preferred spicy taste and So-eum body constitution type preferred sweet taste. In the satisfaction and interests toward the body shape, people with Tae-eum body constitution types showed the lowest satisfaction levels for their body shapes and showed the highest interests levels for their body shapes. In regard to eating attitudes, So-eum body constitution type state that they eat food relatively slowly. Tae-eum and So-yang body constitution type state that they eat food until they feel full. Tae-eum body constitution type state they normally overeat when they got stressed. The food preferences for the food group, there is no significant difference body constitution types with regard to food preferences.

• Journal of Oriental Physiology
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• v.14 no.2 s.20
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• pp.11-21
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• 1999

In this paper the nine orifices were analyzed horizontally and vertically and the relationship between the upper seven orifices and lower two orifices was looked into specifically. The following results were obtained : l. Horizontal is the shenji (神機) which comes in and out, and it symbolizes animality based on heaven. so it is dynamic. Vertical is the qiji (氣機) which goes up and down. and it symbolizes vegetability based on earth. so it is static. 2. The shape of the eyes and lips is horizontal, so the shape of the liver and spleen which are related to the eyes and lips respectively is also horizontal. Thus the eyes and lips can move and the action of these are mainly concerned with the coming in and out of energy. 3. The shape of the nose and ears is vertical. so the shape of the lungs and kidneys which are related to the nose and ears respectively is also vertical. Thus the nose and ears remain still and the action of these are mainly concerned with going up and down of energy. 4. One means yang(陽) and two means yin(陰). so the nose and mouth which have one are yang. the eyes and ears which have two are yin. 5. The urethra consists of yangming(陽明) and taiyin(太陰) which control the front so it draws out urine which is yang(陽). The anus controls the back. so it draws out feces which is yin(陰). 6. The upper seven orifices are related to the five viscera which control immaterial spirit. The lower two orifices are related to the six bowels which control material movement.

• The Journal of Korean Medical History
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.183-198
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• 2002

Jang Gyung Ak thought the Yang Gi was the basis of life. This is why he said doctors should emphasize on preserving Yang Gi. Before his emphasis on Yang Gi he had to study and criticize the medical concept of HaGan, DanGye and DongWon. By criticizing and overcoming their medical concept's fallacy and limitations, he made his own medicine. JangGyungAk found the importance of YangGi in the theory of changes. In the "the Book of Changes" it is said the rising movement of YangGi is expressed by recipricals and propels heaven and earth, yin and yang to change. The phenomenon of life is also a reciprocal and is lead by YangGi, and so medicine should value Yang Gi. Because the phenomenon of life is lead by this Yang Gi, it is right to base changes of diseases and organize pattern identification. The pattern identification JangGyungAk presented as two Gang six Byun sets its base on YangGi.

• Archives of design research
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.29-40
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• 1999

Walter Gropius, famous architect of Bauhaus, once treated of pure mind which was revealed in the system of object and its phenomena through sense of sight while examining material being and illusive being. And Thomas Aquinas said that man can have a creative power only with modest mental state void of prejudice saying that he expected God to come to him after his soul went out of him. The same thing was said by so many great philosophers and thinkers other than him. I think his saying, "God comes after Soul's escape from the body for a new creation", has a real truth for all times and places and beauty itself beyond expression. Why\ulcorner The reason why the saying is so true is because it has a Yin and Yang Idea, that is, the Soul means a dark spirit correspondent to Yin between both oriental ideas and God does a bright spirit correspondent to Yang between them. By reason of this idea, I would like to assert that we should take it granted that we stand in need of the same bright Yang's spirit as God has for the new creation, and let the Yang's bright spirit come to our minds. We can call it divine 'Providence', or call it God's guidance, which we cannot help accepting as a man's fatality. As God was pleased after he made man and all the creatures by dint of his design, so man was pleased after he made everything he needed by the same design that he accepted from God. In spite of pleasure of different dimensions from what God and Man has each other, their way of empathies were all the same. In this paper I compared a worldly lower conception by which man designed his products for his sensuous satisfaction with a higher conception by which God designed his creatures for his mental satisfaction. I intended to infer what destined relation there must be between both God's and man's creations, trying to remind designers that they have to confess to have not so divine a providence as God has for creation because I think the real truth is that they had regarded their works of product design as a routine occurrence for their physical convenience in the industrial plans.ial plans.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Oriental Medical Informatics
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.1-23
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• 2005

A symptoms of Diabetic is finded in many recordes, that is said to Diabetic or dryness or migratory arthralgia or flaccid paralysis of limb or abscess or arthralgia, but Diabetic is most closely symptom. So, study the 3-symptoms of Diabetes mellituscause, thses are polyuria and polyphasia and thirst, and this is similar symptoms of So-gal. So, bibliographic study or pathological approach of symptoms of So-gal, and So-gal in oriental medicine has come to the following conclution. The symptoms of So-gal is polyuria and polyphasia and thirst, is due to Simsinbulgyo, that is mean to breakdown of the normal physiological coordination between the heart and the kidney. A thirst is due to heat-transformation have an effect to the upper energizer and the heart and the lung and the stomach in Simsinbulgyo. A polyuria is due to failure of the kidneys Yang, that is due to failure of Yang of the heart in Simsinbulgyo.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.772-778
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• 2009

Gageum annotated the text of Sanghannon - Rigor with fever comes from yang and rigor without fever comes from yin. - that 'comes from yang' was the state already shown the fever and 'comes from yin' was the state not yet shown the fever, so he told that yang disease without fever belonged in 'comes from yin' and yin disease with fever belonged in 'comes from yang'. And he annotated the text - If one purges the disease comes from yang, the fever goes into the inside and it becomes Gyeolhyung. And if one purges the disease comes from yin, it becomes Bijjeung. - that yin meant the inside and yang meant the outside. That is to say, he distinguished two texts independently. And he presented the pathological reason that cold medicines such as sorts of Sasim-tang were used to cure Bijjeung.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.213-225
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• 1995

In order to investigate experimentally the effects of $So{\breve{u}}m$-In Bojungikit'ang and Dong-Won Bojungikit'ang on Yang-Insufficient syndrome(陽虛證) induced by Hydrocortisone acetate(HA) in experimental animals(Mice and Rats), the author experimented with various activities. Body temperature(BT), Body weight(BW), Exercise time, Cyclic-AMP, the Ra's Hair condition was measured. The results obtained are as follows : 1. In body temperature, the Dong-Won Bojungiki'ang treated group was increased significantly and the $So{\breve{u}}m$-In Bojungikit'ang treated group showed no significance. 2. In body weight, the $So{\breve{u}}m$-In Bojungikit'ang treated group had increased significantly and the Dong-Won Bojungikit'ang treated group showed no significance and there was a significant difference between the $So{\breve{u}}m$-In Bojungikit'ang and the Dong-Won Bojungikit'ang. 3. In exercise time. the $So{\breve{u}}m$-In Bojungikit'ang and the Dong-Won Bojungikit'ang treated groups were significantly increased. 4. In cyclic AMP, both experimental groups showed increasing tendancy, but showed no significance. 5. In the Rat' s hair condition. the $So{\breve{u}}m$-In Bojungikit'ang showed significance. 6. There was no significant difference between the $So{\breve{u}}m$-In Bojungikit'ang and the Dong-Won Bojungikitang except the body weight. from the above findings. (1) it has been demonstrated thet the $So{\breve{u}}m$-In Bojungikit'ang and Dong-Won Bojungikit'ang groups seem to produce the effecticeness on the recovery from depression of metabolism induced by Bydrocortisone acetate. (2) In body temperature response the Dong-Won Bojungikit'ang had effectiveness during recovery. (3) In body weight response the $So{\breve{u}}m$-In Bojungikit'ang had the effecticeness during recovery. (4) In exercise time. Both experimental group had the effectiveness during recovery. (5) In cyclic AMP response. both experimental group had no effectiveness during recovery. (6) In the Rat's hair condition response the $So{\breve{u}}m$-In Bojungikit'ang group had the effectiveness during recovery. Therefore in is suggested theat the $So{\breve{u}}m$-In Bojungikit'ang and Dong-Won Bojungikit'ang groups had effecticeness during recovery from Yang-Insufficient syndrome more of less.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.32 no.7
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• pp.827-837
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• 1999

Presently Sasang constitutional medicine draws public attention and a diet based on this theory in gaining popularity. However, scientific data are not available to probe the effects of constitutional diet and the correlations between constitution and food consumptions. Thiry-four healthy subjects[26 females and 8 males] with Tae-eum(females: 5, males: 7), So-yang(females: 9)and So-eum(females: 12, males: 1), were studied. Subjects were not told the kind of constitutional diets they were consuming. Tae-eum constitutional diet was given to all subjects more than 2 meals a day for 8 weeks. The Sasang constitutional classification, food frequency questionnaire and food habits were assessed. The anthropometric assessment, dietary assessment, health status assessment and blood analysis were carried out before and after taking the Tae-eum constitution diet. In case of females, the body weights and BMI were different among the constitutional groups in the following order : Tae-eum constitutional diet. In case of females, the body weights the body weights and BMI were different among the constitutional groups in the following order: Tae-eum>So-yang>So-eum. In case of males, the body weights and BMI of Tae-eum were significantly higher than those of So-eum. In general, habitual food consumption of all of these four groups were very close to those for each of Sasang constitutional types described by Sasang medicine. After 8-weeks of Tae-eum diet, the health status and blood biochemical parameters were not significantly changed.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.47-57
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• 1992

This study was performed to evaluate contamination degree of heavy metals in sediments of Han River, compared with other nation's evaluation method. The results were as follows 1. The contamination Ratio calculation method by heavy metal concentration in differnt fraction size has a limitation to apply to all of the areas of Han river because of its characteristics of sediment. As a result, this method applied to only 4 areas of Pal Dang, Wang Sook Chon, Uk Chon, and Bul Kwang Chon, and Contmination Ratio of heavy metals in those areas were relatively low of below 3. So it's considered that those areas have less contaminated from anthropogenic contaminants. 2. The Contamination Ratio calculation method by heavy metal concentration in different areasthat of upper area to be background level-has a limitation also to apply to Han river. But it is considered that this method was relatively suitable to apply, so it should be prepared evaluation standand method for them. Contamination ratio from background level as Pal Dang area were most high in An Yang Chon. So it must be prepared purification and control measure at An Yang Chon.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.121-139
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• 2001

Investigating the past and present literatures of west and east about pediatric constitutions and Dong-Eu-Su Se-Bo-Won $\ll$東醫壽世保元$\gg$, we obtained such conclusions : 1. In ancient literatures about pediatric constitution, physiologic and histologic characteristics are considered as pediatirc constitution. 'Pure Yang(純陽)' 'Yang is overabundant, Yin is insufficient(陽有餘陰不足)' are used for definitions of pediatric characteristics. 2. In recent literatures about pediatric constitution, adding to definitions of ancient constitution, more scientific, objective and rational criterion are intrduced. 3. In Sa-Sang(四象), limits of pediatrics is defined to children below sixteen years. 'Yu(幼)' in Dong-Eu-Su-Se-Bo-Won $\ll$東醫壽世保元$\gg$. 4. In Dong-Eu-Su-Se-Bo-Won $\ll$東醫壽世保元$\gg$, the writings about 'So-Yang-In(少陽人)' is most, those about 'So-Eum-In(少陰人)', 'Tae-Eum-In(太陰人)' and 'Tae-Yang-In(太陽人)' are in sequence. 5. In conclusion, Je-Ma Yi(李濟馬), inventor of Sa-Sang(四象), consider that pediatric constitutions are not different from those of adult.