• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.15-27
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• 1980

This study was undertaken to compare the craniofacial morphology of Class II, Division 1 malocclusion with that of normal occlusion in children, and to investigate the incidence of various Class II, Division 1 craniofacial skeletal patterns. The subjects consist of thirty seven boys and fifty three girls with Class II, Division 1 malocclusion, and forty six boys and eighty one girls 10-15 years with normal occlusion. Measurements were recorded, tabulated and analyzed on the lateral cephalograms by the degree of SNA, SNB and ANB. The following characteristics of the Class II, Division 1 skeletal pattern were observed. 1. The anteroposterior relationship of the maxilla to the cranium in the Class II, Division 1 was very similar to that of normal occlusion. 2, Mandible of the Class II, Division 1 malocclusion was in the posterior position in relation to the cranial anatomy when compared to normal. 3. The chin point as measured by SN Pog and NS Gn showed distal positioning in relation to normal occlusion. 4. SN to mandibular plane angle was large in Class II, Division 1 malocclusion. 5. Mandibular incisor inclination was not significantly different between Class II, Division 1 malocclusion and normal occlusion, but maxillary incisors inclined and positioned labially and consequently overjet was large in Class II, Division 1 malocclusion. 6. Class II, Division 1 malocclusion was divided into four types of craniofacial skeletal pattern. The most common Class II, Division 1 pattern was found to be type C in which SN-Mand. Pl. was above mean range of normal occlusion. The next frequent pattern was found to be type A in which maxilla and mandible were within normal range of protrusion while upper incisors were severly labially inclined.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.48 no.5
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• pp.379-390
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• 2010

The aim of this study was to investigate clinical and cephalometric characteristics of patients with anterior open bite and mandibular condylar resorption. Total of 45 subjects were recruited from the patients who visited the Department of Oral Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital in 2006 for treatment of temporomandibular dysfunction. After taking patient's history concerning temporomandibular joint dysfunction, clinical examination was performed and panoramic, transcranial, and lateral cephalometric radiographs were obtained. The cephalometric data were compared to those of normal Korean population. The results were as follow: 1. Clinical characteristics 1) Female was 4.6 time more prevalent than male, and 82.2% of the subjects were in second and third decade. 2) Angle's Class I occlusal type was 51%, Class II was 29%, and Class III was 20%. 3) The mean value of the overjet and overbite were 3.2mm and -1.1mm, respectively. 4) Most of the patients had parafunctional oral habits. 2. Cephalometric characteristics 1) SNA showed no significant difference between condyle resorption and normal group. However, in female resorption group, SNB was lesser and ANB was greater than those in normal group. 2) SN-GoMe and FMA increased in resorption group. 3) Palatal plane angle did not show significant difference between resorption and normal group. 4) Total posterior facial height was significantly smaller and total anterior facial height showed no significant increase as compared with those of the normal group. 5) Mandibular body length did not show any significant difference between resorption and normal group.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.39 no.9
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• pp.1243-1248
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• 2010

The physiological activities of Strychnos nux-vomica extracts were investigated through the total phenolic contents (TPC), 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity (RSA), comet assay, and $\alpha$-glucosidase inhibitory activity. S. nux-vomica extracts were prepared with methanol, ethanol, and acetone. The methanol extract showed the highest phenolic content (71 mg/100 g gallic acid equivalents). Pretreatment with S. nux-vomica extracts resulted in significant reductions in oxidative DNA damage at all of the concentrations tested ($1{\sim}50\;{\mu}g/mL$). The $\alpha$-glucosidase inhibitory activity of a methanol extract was 12.8% at the concentration of 1 mg/mL. Therefore, these results indicate that S. nux-vomica might be a noble potential candidate exhibiting antioxidant and $\alpha$-glucosidase inhibitory activity.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.1-36
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• 2018

In the era of the 4th Industrial Revolution, it is important for companies to understand the changing environment by converging various technologies and to respond to the changing business environment. In this study, we conducted a social network analysis on 10 firms in the automotive industry, which have recently been accelerating their competition for technology development, by extracting convergence patents co-classified in two or more of the US registered patents in the last 6 years. As a result, it has been confirmed that the number of technology related to the convergence of the automotive field is greatly increasing, and the convergence between the technologies is becoming stronger. In addition, Volkswagen, Ford and Hyundai showed significant changes in technology convergence. They were analyzed as having a change in strategy in eco-friendly automotive technologies. This study suggests various ways for companies to utilize the results of network analysis more meaningfully.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.107-118
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• 2016

In order to ensure revenue of agricultural products which have encountered the dramatic decline of prices in distribution, the export of the domestic farm produce was started and it has been considered to play the significant role to make fundamentals for securing the stable revenue of farms and future of agricultural industries. The Korean government has endeavored to increase scale and volume of export and make the stable structure for export transaction by supporting government policies. Since the export of the agricultural products was influenced by multiple and uncertain factors such as the gap of GDP, distance, the difference of climatess between countries, in this study of agricultural exports, the attributes of export according to changed factors are derived by using RCA and gravity model. As the complexity of export environment has been increased compared to the past, it is necessary to analyze the attributes of agricultural exports. In this study, by using network theory, trade network of agricultural product, the periodic changes of relations, the changes of centrality and maxium flow are derived. Even though the trade quantity of existing agricultural fresh products are still small, the study derived the need to vertical integration for expanding agricultural product export by applying network theory.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.443-463
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• 2013

Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information(KISTI) provides domestic researchers with science and technology information through NDSL Information Document Service(NIDS) network to improve research productivity in Korea. University libraries and information centers of research institutes are playing a major role in the NIDS collaboration network. In this study, we examined the relationship among the participating organizations for document delivery service using the social network analysis(SNA) method. Centrality of each organization in the NIDS network was analyzed with the indexes such as degree centrality, closeness centrality, betweenness centrality, and eigenvector centrality. The research results show that KISTI, KAIST, POSTECH, and FRIC are located at the center of the NIDS network. Based on the research results, this paper suggests several directions for improvement of document delivery service.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.415-428
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• 2010

Converging technologies have become a major issue in science policy. This paper describes the current state of scientific collaboration for convergent technologies among researchers in South Korea, by conducting Social Network Analysis (SNA) with the data set of 1,095 researchers who have involved in the development of the convergent technologies. It is found that the researchers in convergent technology are more productive than the researchers in other technology domains. However, the researchers in convergent technologies have small number of collaborators, compared with their productivity. Only a few researchers have a role of the hub in the collaboration networks, meaning that the structure network is closer to than the core than the peripheral. The scientific collaboration network of the convergent technology researchers shows that the members of the network are close to each other, but there is small number of cliques.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.139-146
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• 2009

This paper deals with visualization that can appropriately show the characteristics deduced from relationships between pieces of information. The visualization of influence, which is used as an important index in deducing the characteristics of relationships in social network analysis, was selected as research topic, and first, the elements that show relationships within the network and the index that show influence were classified and organized. Second, the links between relational elements that show influence in social network were examined, and an influence visualization network was created. Third, an influence visualization framework was proposed which explains the interaction between social network analysis and visualization process. The influence visualization network and framework being proposed in this paper can be used not only to understand and analyze the elements that influence social network but also to make it possible to have a rational and efficient approach to network visualization. Hopefully, they will become a new methodological approach to information design.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.403-426
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• 2015

This study attempts to analyze the structure of collaborative network among multicultural agencies in Busan area. The survey was conducted with such agencies as multicultural family support centers, regional government offices, public libraries, social welfare centers, and other NGO-supported agencies, in order to analyze the structural features of the network. The results of the study indicate that cooperative networks are hardly in action except for the one among agencies which share their function, roles, and characteristics in common, that regional government offices and multicultural family support centers have high density networks with other agencies and performed major roles. Public libraries, however, only collaborate with other libraries, or did not participated in the networks, which indicates that endeavors of public libraries to cooperate with other multicultural agencies is needed.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.73-79
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• 2012

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a newly developed rapid maxillary expansion screw-the memory screw-over 6 months. Methods: Five subjects, aged between 11.7 and 13.75 years, were enrolled in this study. All subjects underwent placement of a maxillary expansion appliance containing superelastic nickel-titanium open-coil springs in its screw bed. The parents of the patients and/or the patients themselves were instructed to activate the expansion screw by 2 quarter-turns 3 times a day (morning, midday, and evening; 6 quarter-turns a day). The mean expansion period was $7.52{\pm}1.04$ days. Dentoskeletal effects of the procedure, including dentoalveolar inclination, were evaluated. Measurements of all the parameters were repeated after 6 months of retention in order to check for relapse. Results: Sella-Nasion-A point (SNA) and Sella-Nasion/Gonion-Menton angles increased, and Sella-Nasion-B point (SNB) angle decreased in all the subjects during the expansion phase. However, they approximated to the initial values at the end of 6 months. On the other hand, the increments in maxillary apical base (Mxr-Mxl) and intermolar widths was quite stable. As expected, some amount of dentoalveolar tipping was observed. Conclusions: The newly developed memory expansion screw offers advantages of both rapid and slow expansion procedures. It widens the midpalatal suture and expands the maxilla with relatively lighter forces and within a short time. In addition, the resultant increments in the maxillary apical base and intermolar width remained quite stable even aft er 6 months of retention.