• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.413-417
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• 2014

Background: Prisoners represent a population group that is disadvantaged, socially deprived and underprivileged, needing particular attention with regard to provision of necessary oral health care, health promotion and motivation and tobacco cessation. Considering the situation in prisons, smoking and tobacco chewing are burning issues related to health deterioration and economic loss that seem to be overlooked by the public health sectors. Aim: To assess prisoners' perception of tobacco use and cessation in Chhatisgarh, India. Materials and Methods: A pre-tested, close ended questionnaire was administered in the form of extensive face to face interviews, to assess perceptions regarding tobacco use and cessation in the central jail of Durg District of Chhattisgarh state, India. Results: Prevalence of tobacco usage amongst the prisoners was found to be 61%. Some 27% reported smoking, 44% used tobacco in the chewable form and 29% indulged in consuming tobacco in both forms i.e. smoked as well as chewed. Results suggest several recommendations for policy relevance such as provision of a prison dentist, a tobacco cessation counseling program and targeted eradication of oral cancer by educating the prisoners. Conclusions: Health is a fundamental human "right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental well-being". This applies to prisoners just as it does to every other human being. The alarming findings in the study suggest the need for dental treatment facilities and tobacco cessation counseling in prisons.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.256-264
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• 2003

Purpose: The purpose of this research was to find out tobacco control education taught graduate, baccalaureate and associate degree-nursing programs in Korea. Method: A valid and reliable questionnaire previously used to assess tobacco use in medical and nursing schools in the United States was translated and revalidated. Surveys were sent out to all the graduate, baccalaureate and associate nursing programs in Korea. All 6-tobacco curricula content areas recommended by the United States National Cancer Institute and the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research was included. Result: Majority of BSN (93.2%-75%) and AD (92.3%-64.1%) programs were teaching health hazards, cancer risk, health effects of tobacco, effects of ETS, contents of cigarette, withdrawal symptoms and high risk groups of smoking as a part of required courses. However, 87.5% (14/16) of graduate, 50.0% (22/44) in baccalaureate, 53.8% (21/39) in associate degree programs were not teaching about the 5 A's. Of those who reported teaching smoking cessation strategies, they were covered most frequently in Community Nursing (50%), Adult Health Nursing (43.8%) on the graduate level, and in Community Nursing (65.9%-BSN, 76.9%-AD) and Adult Health (54.5%-BSN, 74.4%-AD) on the undergraduate level. 31.1% (5/16) in Graduate, 18.2%(8/44) in BSN, 10.3% (4/39) in Associate Degree programs reported that there are no smoking students in their schools and rest of the schools reported either do not know or they have 1 to more than 21% of students smoking. Conclusion: The study results identifies the quantity and level of tobacco control content in three different nursing programs and will help in developing curricular guidelines in the future. Further survey needs to be done on nursing students' knowledge, attitude and belief on smoking and smoking cessation.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.64-70
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• 2017

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of the raise of cigarette prices by KRW 2,000 at the beginning of 2015 on the change in smoking behavior among male office workers, and to analyze the correlation of various factors including their work behaviors and socio-economic factors with their smoking rate. Methods: In this research, a follow-up observation panel was constituted with 420 smokers as targets from among male office workers at a bank located in Daegu, South Korea. A cross-analysis and ANOVA analysis were carried out in order to examine whether changes in smoking status, amount of smoking, stop-smoking motivation, and reasons for smoking cessation failure after the passage of time since the cigarette price hike were statistically significant. The level of statistical significance was P < 0.05. Results: After the cigarette price hike, among the 420 smokers who were the target of the panel the rate of smoking cessation declined at the time-point of the survey to 15.5%, 12.4%, 8.5%, and 5.7% after one month, three months, six months, and 12 months, respectively. As a result of a follow-up observation of 65 smokers who stopped smoking immediately after the price hike, the actual non-smoking rate declined to 15.5%, 8.3%, 4.4%, and 3.1% after one month, three months, six months, and 12 months, respectively. One (1) year after the cigarette price hike, the non-smoking rate among the 420 smokers reached as low as 3.1% (13 persons). The most important reason for the failure of the attempts to quit smoking was stress for more than 60% of the smokers who attempted to stop. Conclusions: It seems that a powerful anti-smoking policy by the state targeting the nation's workers is necessary. For companies, mediation for workers' job stress can become a strategy for the success of non-smoking attempts. The government seems to require a practical policy to reduce the smoking rate by actively carrying out social, economic, and scientific research to come up with a reduction method for the cigarette hazard, an effective price hike policy, and other non-price policies.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.173-192
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• 2006

Objectives: This job analysis of a staff in charge of quit-smoking policy at public health centers aims at providing fundamental information to establish strategies supporting various quit-smoking. Methods: The job analysis of a staff in charge of quit-smoking policy at public health centers was carried out through DACUM(Development of Curriculum) method from April through May 2006. Three experts had developed job description with staffs in charge of quit-smoking policy at public health centers through two workshops. The survey was practiced for staff in charge of quit-smoking policy at the other public health centers. The characteristics of the staffs such as age, years for working at public health center, years for charging with quit-smoking work, the proportion of responsibility for quit-smoking work, were surveyed. Results: The research has reached the conclusions below. 1. The job description have been developed considering input-process-outcome axis and plan-do-evaluation axis for quit-smoking policy at public health centers. The final job description is composed of 3 missions, 7 accountabilities, 20 sub-work items. 2. The quit-smoking activity mostly focused at direct education and counselling. But planing and evaluation activity for quit-smoking have been under-achieved. 3. The staffs for quit-smoking policy were feel it is easy to educate and counsel to comer to public health centers for quit-smoking. But having the high proportion of responsibility for quit-smoking policy have usually difficult to do that. So they want to education about counselling for smoker. 4. The staffs who worked over the 2 years for quit-smoking policy the public health center have responded that investigate the smoking rate of the jurisdiction community and the problem of the culture about smoking and smoking policy is important. Conclusions: The study helps reinforcing the initiatives of central government for quit-smoking policy at public health centers. Especially staffs want education in technology area for counselling smoker. And they want nationwide supporting for investigating smoking rate and related factors at the local level.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권9호
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• pp.4421-4426
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• 2016

Background: Smoking is recognized as a main leading preventable cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. It is responsible for a considerable financial burden both on the health system and in society. This study aimed to examine the effect of smoking on cost of hospitalization and length of stay (LoS) among patients with lung cancer in Iran in 2014. Materials and Methods: A total of 415 patients were included in the study. Data on age, sex, insurance status, type of hospitals, type of insurance, geographic local, length of stay and cost of hospitalization was extracted by medical records and smoking status was obtained from a telephone survey. To compare cost of hospitalization and LoS for different smoking groups, current smokers, former smokers, and never smokers, a gamma regression model and zero-truncated poisson regression were used, respectively. Results: Compared with never smokers, current and former smokers showed a 48% and 35% increase in hospitalization costs, respectively. Also, hospital LoS for current and former smokers was 72% and 31% higher than for never smokers, respectively. Conclusions: Our study indicated that cigarette smoking imposes a significant financial burden on hospitals in Iran. It is, however, recommended that more research should be done to implement and evaluate hospital based smoking cessation interventions to better increase cessation rates in these settings.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.124-131
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• 2022

Purpose: A tobacco-free campus (TFC) is the most advanced tobacco-control policy for college campuses, but it has rarely been explored in Korea. This study aimed to explore Korean college students' attitudes toward TFC and related factors. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study enrolled college students who were taking an elective course on smoking cessation and a healthy lifestyle at a university located in Incheon, Korea. Data were collected from March 1 to December 31, 2019 using a structured questionnaire, and study participants were recruited using convenience sampling. Results: Data on 309 college students were analyzed. Of those participants, 6.1% supported the TFC policy. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that female gender (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]=5.80, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.47-22.95), taking the course to quit smoking oneself (aOR=11.03, 95% CI=1.04-117.05), anxiety in the past month (aOR=4.27, 95% CI=1.06-17.31), and being a current smoker (aOR=0.06, 95% CI=0.01-0.70) were statistically significant independent predictors of TFC support. Conclusion: Women, students taking the course to quit smoking themselves, nonsmokers, and students who felt anxious in the past month were more likely to support TFC. Further research with more representative samples is required to examine the characteristics of people who favor TFC.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.35-49
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• 2011

Objectives: This article reviewed research on smoking behaviors and smoking-related health problems among university students to suggest evidences for developing smoking control strategies for them. Methods: Domestic research papers were screened through Research Information Sharing Service (RISS), Koreanstudies Information Service System (KISS), Medical Library Information System (MEDLIS), Korean Medical Database (KMbase), and digital national assembly library. International papers were searched mainly via PubMed. Results: Smoking prevalence among male college students were found to be over 50% in majority of Korean studies. While studies on smoking-related health problems were scant in Korea, several recent studies overseas showed possible effects of smoking on health among young adults, including decreased lung function, respiratory symptoms, cardiovascular problems, glucose intolerance, buccal disease, depressive symptoms, and so forth. Besides, smoking behaviors were closely related with other risk behaviors including drinking, and several psychosocial factors. Conclusions: To explore the smoking problem among college students, the first step should be a national representative survey with scientific methods. More research should be focused on the smoking-related problems among college students. To prevent smoking among college students, smoking prevention education, and smoking cessation counseling, and the initiatives of smoke free campus are needed.

• 융합정보논문지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.153-162
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• 2021

이 연구는 19세 이상 성인의 최근 한 달 이내 전자담배 흡연율과 인구사회학적 요인과 건강수준 및 건강행태 요인 측면의 관련요인을 파악하여, 전자담배 흡연율 감소를 위한 금연교육과 보건정책 수립의 근거를 생성하기 위해 시도되었다. 2018년 서울시 지역사회 건강조사에 참여한 19세 이상 22,908명의 설문자료를 이용한 이차자료 분석 연구이며, 분석은 SAS 프로그램을 이용하였다. 최근 한 달 이내 전자담배 흡연율은 4.5%이었으며, 다변량 로지스틱 회귀분석에서 전자담배 흡연 관련요인은 성, 연령, 교육수준, 직업, 일반담배 흡연상태이었다. 전자담배 흡연을 예방하고 흡연율을 낮추기 위하여 우선적으로 대졸이상의 학력을 가진 전문직을 대상으로 전자담배의 위험성을 알리는 교육을 실시하여야 한다. 또한 일반 국민을 대상으로 전자담배 흡연도 일반담배 흡연과 차이가 없음으로 알리는 홍보와 캠페인을 시행하고 나아가 전자담배를 일반담배와 동일하게 취급하는 동일한 금연정책의 전개가 요구된다.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제10권10호
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• pp.331-336
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• 2019

1인가구주의 종사상지위와 연령에 따라 음주, 흡연 등의 건강행태에 차이가 있는지를 비교하고자 종사상지위 및 연령별로 층화추출하여 조사를 실시하였다(총 566명). 분석결과에 따르면, 음주빈도에서는 연령별 유의적 차이가 발견되었으며(p<0.001), 흡연여부(p<0.001) 및 흡연량(p<0.001)에서도 연령별 유의적 차이가 존재하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 금연 계획에서는 정규직이 다른 집단에 비하여 유의적으로 높게 나타났고(p<0.05), 금연이유에 대해서는 담뱃값 부담 때문이라는 응답이 20대에서 유의적으로 높았다(p<0.001). 전체적으로 볼 때, 음주 및 흡연 등의 건강행태에서는 종사상지위와 같은 사회경제적 특성보다는 연령 등과 같은 개인적 특성이 더 유의적인 영향을 준다고 할 수 있다.

• 한국인구학
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.195-213
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• 2006

2004년 말 담배가격인상의 효과를 파악하기 위하여 성인남성 흡연자 700명 비흡연자 300 명으로 구성된 추적조사에서 6개월 후 네 차례의 조사가 끝날 때까지 흡연자 572명, 비흡연자 198명의 흡연행태에 관한 자료가 구축되었다. 이 자료를 활용하여 단기 가격탄력성을 추정한 결과 흡연자들만의 가격탄력성은 가격인상전후 1개월, 3개월, 6개월 기간 동안에 각각 -0.6853, -0.6230, -0.5482로 추정되었고. 비흡연자를 포함한 경우에는 -0.3920, -0.3739, -0.3081로 추정되었다. 이 결과는 흡연율 감소를 위하여서는 대폭적인 가격인상이 매우 효과적이며 따라서 추가적인 가격인상이 추진되어야 한다는 점을 암시하고 있다.