• 보건교육건강증진학회지
• /
• 제29권3호
• /
• pp.91-101
• /
• 2012

Objectives: This study examined the extent to which attitudes about smoke-free air policies (SFAPs) in bars/restaurants, workplaces, all public places, and motor vehicles when minors are present can be explained by individuals' sociodemographic characteristics, smoking status, and beliefs about the health of others. Methods: Data were gathered from 359 individuals age 18 or older who attended the Lawrence County Fair in Indiana, United States, in July, 2009, an area where there were no SFAPs in place at the time of survey administration. Results: Multinomial logistic regression analyses indicated that perceived severity of secondhand smoke (SHS) on others, perceived responsibility of smokers for the harm their SHS causes to others, and perceived susceptibility of others to SHS exposure, along with education level and smoking status, significantly predict opposition to SFAPs in this population. Conclusions: The results of this exploratory study suggest the need for additional research related to attitudes about health policies as well as to the practical applications of these findings for smoke-free air advocacy.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
• /
• 제21권2호
• /
• pp.167-185
• /
• 2004

Objectives： The rate of adolescent smoking is important because lead to adult smoking. And early onset of smoking is associated with chronic disease in adult life. The purpose of this study is to describe the smoking status of adolescents and identify the risk factors for smoking in each school. Methods： We selected the participant schools that are located in Yang-cheon Gu, Seoul, Korea, considering the social economic status. The subjects were included 719elementary school students,1,251 middle school students and 1,513 high school students. Self-reported questionnaires were administrated between December 16 and December 24 , 2002. Students were informed in writing that the survey was voluntary. The response rate was 98.7, 81.1 and 95.4 in elementary, middle, and high school, respectively. Results： The results of this study were as follows： 1) Students who have attempted to smoke were 8.8% in elementary school, 29.3% in middle school and 35.0% in high school. 2) The current smokers were 2.0%, 7.9% and 11.5% in elementary, middle and high school, respectively. 3) In elementary school, smoking of mends and physical health were significantly predicted the attempt to smoke. Stress, smoking of mends, alcohol, and binge drinking were associated with the attempt to smoke of middle school students. In high school, the attempt to smoke was related to gender, maternal education, depression, school performance, smoking of brothers, smoking of mends, alcohol, and binge drinking. 4) Current smoking was associated with smoking of mends and binge drinking in middle school and gender, school performance, smoking of brothers, smoking of mends, alcohol, and binge drinking in high school in multiple logistic regression. Conclusion： There is a need for health education and specific strategies to help adolescents prevent from smoking. Smoking prevention programs which include risk-taking behavior such as alcohol, method of copying with stress, and supporting environment were required.

• 예술인문사회 융합 멀티미디어 논문지
• /
• 제9권9호
• /
• pp.721-736
• /
• 2019

본 논문에서는 대심도에 위치한 지하역사(지하 6층) 및 터널에서 화재가 발생했을 경우 제연설비 작동에 따른 연기의 거동을 측정하였다. 열풍기를 이용하여 열부력 효과를 구현한 연기발생장치를 이용하여 화재연기를 생성하였다. 화재발생 위치는 승강장 위 및 스크린도어 외부에 위치한 터널부의 승강장 위의 2가지 위치를 선정하였다. 승강장 화재발생시 승강장에 설치된 환기구를 통하여 연기가 배출되도록 하는 제연모드가 일반적인데 본 연구에서는 승강장 양단에 위치한 터널부의 환기구를 통한 배기도 같이 동작되도록 설정하여 실험을 수행하였다. 다양한 위치에서 연기농도 및 풍향풍속을 측정하였고 화면을 취득하여 연기의 이동 및 제연을 분석하였다. 승강장 내부에서 화재가 발생하였을 경우와 선로부에서 화재가 발생하였을 경우 승강장의 송풍기의 제연모드 동작과 터널의 송풍기의 배연 동작으로 인하여 연기배출이 원활하였고 화재 발생 인근 구역으로의 연기전파가 억제되었다. 본 연구에서 제시한 승강장 및 승강장 양단부의 터널에 적용되는 송풍기를 같이 운전하는 제연모드를 통하여 승강장 화재 및 화재열차 정차시 화재 연기로부터 승객들에게 보다 안전한 대피환경을 제공할 수 있을 것이다.

• 대한간호학회지
• /
• 제27권4호
• /
• pp.843-856
• /
• 1997

The purpose of this study was to explore the subjective opinions related to of smoking behavior of university students with a history of smoking. The research period was from Feb, 1. 1996 to Sep. 10. 1997. The research method used was Q-methodology. The process of the research was as follows : 1. Collection of concourse : The statement of self-reference was derived from face to face interviews with 50 university students. Statement were categorized by researcher according to semantics. 2. Extraction of Q-sample : 38 of the self-reference statements from the 32 categories of the Q-population were selected. 3. Selection of P-sample : 30 of university students were selected by consideration of diversity in sociodemographic background. 4. Based on a 1 to 9 point scale, the selected university students were made to participate in Q-sorting. 5. Analysis of Q-type was obtained by use of the QUANAL program. The results of this study revealed as follows : There are three types of smoking behavior of Korean university students. 1. The first type focused on the right of the individual to smoke and the lack of recognition of smoking behavior as a health hazard. 2. The second type cared about smoking behavior as a hazard to health. 3. The third type was habitual smoker. They are bored and smoke habitually. It is suggested that the results of this study may contribute to the development of strategies for the purpose of decreasing the incidence of smoking of university students.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
• /
• 제23권4호
• /
• pp.13-18
• /
• 2009

본 연구의 목적은 구난역을 갖는 철도 터널 내부의 연기 거동 특성을 분석하는 것이다. 특히 화재 위치 변화에 따른 연기 전파 특성에 대해 수치해석을 수행하고 이때 해석 조건으로 사용되는 발열량은 터널내 풀 화재(pool fire) 실험을 통해 결정된다. 사용된 연료는 n-heptane($C_7H_{16}$)이고, 각 변의 길이가 4cm인 정사각형 풀을 이용하였다. 본 연구에서는 상용코드인 FLUENT(Ver.6.3) 를 사용하여 수치해석을 수행하였고 화원 생성 현상은 MVHS(Modified Volumetric Heat Source) 모델을 통해 모사되었다. 해석 결과, 연기가 터널을 따라 전파되면서 구난역까지 영향을 미치는 것을 확인할 수 있었으며 따라서 배연시스템의 설치가 요구됨을 알 수 있다. 또한 교행로와 방화벽이 연기 제어에 기여함을 확인하였다.

• 한국연초학회지
• /
• 제29권2호
• /
• pp.118-124
• /
• 2007

GRLs(Guidance Residue Levels) of agricultural chemicals for tobacco are recommended by the CORESTA Agro-Chemical Advisory Committee guide. In the GRLs list, organochlorine group is one of pesticides commonly used on tobacco cultivation. In this model study, the quantitative correlation in the transfer rate of pesticide residue into tobacco smoke by spiking of organochlorine pesticides to cigarette and pyrolysates were investigated. The spiking concentration referred to the range of GRLs list and the organochlorine pesticides in mainstream smoke were analyzed by GC-MS. For the understanding of the composition variation versus temperature, the behavior of pesticides was investigated by pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(Py-GC-MS). In this study, the transfer rate of pesticide residue into tobacco smoke at four different spiking concentration and the composition of pyrolysates were analyzed differently. At $10\;{\mu}g/cig$ spiking concentrations, the organochlorine pesticides were transferred into tobacco smoke in $0.02\;{\sim}\;10.19\;%$ each of component and the most of pesticides were pyrolyzed during smoking. It was found that the decomposition compounds from organochlorine pesticides were mainly composed of oxygenated and nitrogenous compounds. This study could estimate that the transfer rate of pesticides into tobacco smoke is very small amount.

• 한국학교보건학회지
• /
• 제30권1호
• /
• pp.29-39
• /
• 2017

Purpose: This study was conducted to develop a secondhand smoking prevention education program for elementary school students with smoking parents and to identify its effects on their knowledge and coping skills related to secondhand smoke and their assertive behaviors towards secondhand smoke. Moreover, the study also intended to discover the program's impact on the students' coping assertiveness towards secondhand smoke from their smoking parents. Methods: For this nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design study, elementary students who have smoking parents were recruited. They were assigned either to the experimental group (n=40) or to the control group (n=40). A secondhand smoking prevention education program was provided for the experimental group for 4 weeks. Results: The experimental group showed a significant increase in their scores for knowledge, behavioral coping skills, and coping assertiveness towards secondhand smoke from their parents. Conclusion: The findings show that this program could serve as an effective program for elementary students with smoking parents. Encouraging smoking parents to participate in the program could enhance the program's effect.

• 접착 및 계면
• /
• 제11권4호
• /
• pp.137-143
• /
• 2010

Glass beads (GBs) were modified via plasma polymerization coatings in order to enhance the adsorption of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in cigarette smoke and activated carbons (ACs) were also utilized for comparative purposes. First, GBs and ACs were subjected to surface modification via plasma polymerization coating of acrylic acid, acrylonitrile, 1,3-diaminopropane, thiophene or dimethylphosphite with a RF plasma (13.56 MHz) generator. Next, their adsorption behavior was evaluated with a home-made 4-port smoking machine by collecting the total particulate matters (TPMs) on a Cambridge filter pad, followed by the separation of PAHs via solid phase extraction and analysis with GC/MS. Finally, the plasma polymerization coatings were analyzed by FT-IR/ATR to elucidate the adsorption mechanism, while the topology of the modified GBs and ACs were studied by FE-SEM.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국전산유체공학회 2010년 춘계학술대회논문집
• /
• pp.208-213
• /
• 2010

In this study CFD(Computational Fluid Dynamics) analysis of the steady fire-driven fuid flow for the performance test of ventilation at railway tunnel between Heuksok and Nodeul Station from Seoul Metro 9 is performed. There were fans with exhaust and intake modes and each was installed at the middle and both ends of the tunnel. For this test, the pool fire source of methyl alcohol with 1.5MW and smoke generators were installed between the middle of tunnel and Heuksok Station. In this test, the smoke behavior from natural convection was observed for 10 minutes from the ignition of pool fire and then fans with intake-modes at both sides of Heuksok effect of fan-on with intake mode located in the opposite side of the tunnel nearby Heuksok Station on fire-driven fluid flow is studied on when the boundary conditions of fan-on at the tunnel between Heuksok and Nodeul Station are the same as test. FLUENT, a commercial CFD code, is used for this analysis.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제13권11호
• /
• pp.5187-5195
• /
• 2012

본 연구는 비흡연 대학생이 간접흡연에 노출되었을 때 금연을 주장하는 행위와 관련된 요인을 파악하고자 수행되었다. 자료는 B광역시 2011년 10월부터 11월까지 2개월간 일개 대학의 비흡연 대학생 246명으로부터 설문지를 통하여 수집되었으며 다중 로지스틱회귀분석으로 분석하였다. 비흡연 대학생의 간접흡연 노출시 금연을 주장하는 행위와 관련된 요인은 남학생인 경우(OR 3.173, 95% CI 1.676-6.005), 가족 내 흡연자가 있는 경우(OR 1.679, 95% CI 1.056-2.983), 주장행위에 대한 지각된 유익성이 높은 경우(OR 2.821, 95% CI 1.044-7.623), 주장행위에 대한 사회적 영향이 큰 경우(OR 3.753, 95% CI 1.845-7.634), 주장행위에 대한 자기효능감이 높은 경우(OR 4.140, 95% CI 2.159-7.941)로 확인되었다. 그러므로 성인 초기의 대학생들의 간접흡연 노출 시 금연에 대한 주장행위를 강화하기 위해서는 주장행위의 유익성과 사회적 영향 및 자기효능감을 향상시키는 건강증진 프로그램 개발 및 효과 평가가 필요하다.