• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.3
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• pp.111-140
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• 2002

This study was conducted from April 1 through April 30, 2002 in order to figure out the relationship between physical health status and life style and the factors influencing physical health. Subjects were selected from among the residents older than 20 years old by probability scheme of one out of 2000. Three thousand people were interviewed by questionnaires, and 2,742(91.4%) respondents were used for analysis, and the results are as follows: 1. Ridit(Relatives to an identified distribution it) of category one by sex was 0.26 in man, and 0.25 in woman. Ridit of category two was 0.57 in man and 0.53 in woman, those of category three was 0.72 in man and 0.65 in woman. That of category four was 0.86 in man and 0.85 in woman, that of category five was 0.95 in man and 0.97 in woman, and that of category six was 0.98 in man and 0.99 in woman. The ridits and health related categories by sex were r=.954 in man and r=.966 in woman(p<0.01) 2. Ridits of healthy behavior 2-1. The ridit of males who slept for less than 6 hrs was 0.71, that of those who slept for $7{\sim}8$ hrs was 0.24, and that of those who slept for more than 9 hours was 0.96. The ridit of females who slept for less than 6 was 0.80, that of those who slept for $7{\sim}8$ hrs was 0.32, and that of those who slept for more than 9 hrs was 0.97. 2-2. The ridit of male, who ate breakfast everyday was 0.30, that of those who ate one to four breakfast per week was 0.87, and that of those who never ate breakfasts was 0.96. The ridit of females who ate breakfast everyday was 0.32, that of those who ate breakfast one to four times a week was 0.75, and that of those who never ate breakfast was 0.99. 2-3. The ridit of males whose body weights were 10% lower than normal body weight was 0.45, that of those with $5{\sim}9.9%$ less than normal body weight was 0.28, that of those with ${\pm}4.9%$ of normal body weight was 0.12, that of those whose body weights were $5{\sim}9.9%$ heavier than normal was 0.40, that of those whose body weights were $10{\sim}19.9%$ heavier than normal was 0.74, that of those with $20{\sim}29.9%$ heavier than normal body weights was 0.78 and that of those with 30% heavier than normal body weight was 0.87. That of females with 10% less than normal body weight was 0.53, that of those with $5{\sim}99%$ less than normal body weight was 0.32, that of 4.9% those with ${\pm}f$ normal body weight was 0.14, that of those with 5.0 to 9.9% heavier body weights was 0.43, that of those with 10 to 19.9% heavier body weight was 0.65, that of those with $20{\sim}29.9%$ heavier body weight was 0.94 and that of those with more than 30% of normal body weight was 0.94. 2-4. The ridit of males who exercised everyday was 0.11, that of those who exercised three to four times a week was 0.25, that of those exercising once or twice a week was 0.48, and that of those who never exercised was 0.80. The ridit of females exercising everyday was 0.08, that of those exercising three to four times a week was 0.21, that of those exercising one to two times was 0.35 and that of those who never exercised was 0.72. 2-5. The ridit of males who did not drink at all was 0.14, that of those who drank one or two cups of hard liquor(Soju) was 0.39, that of those who drank a half bottle of Soju was 0.56, that of those who darnk a bottle of Soju was 0.73 and that of those who drank two bottles of Soju was 0.96. The ridit of females who did not drink at all was 0.30, that of those who drank one or two cups of Soju was 0.70, that of those who drank a half bottle of Soju was 0.84, that of those who drank a bottle of Soju was 0.97 and that of those who drank more than two bottles of Soju was 0.99. 2-6 The ridit of males who did not smoke was 0.20, that of those who smoked one or two cigarettes was 0.44, that of those who smoked about ten cigarettes was 0.58, and that of those who smoked more than a pack of cigarettes was 0.85. The ridit of females who did not smoke at all was 0.90, that of those who smokes one or two cigarettes was 0.91, that of those who smoked about the cigarettes was 0.93 and that of those who smoked more than a pack of cigarettes was 0.96 3. The ridit of males who had healthy behavior in six categories was 0.43 and the average age of them was 45, that of those who had healthy behavior in five categories was 0.47 and the average age was 45, that of those who had healthy behavior in three categories was 0.50 and the average age was 43, that of those who had heathy behavior in two categories was 0.60 and the average age was 40, that of those who had healthy behavior in one category was 0.68 and the average age was 38, and that of those who did not have healthy behavior at all in six categories was 0.79 and the average age was 41. The ridit of females who had heathy behavior in six categories was 0.38 and the average age was 45, that of those who had healthy behavior in five categories was 0.40 and the average age was 44, that of those who had healthy behavior in four categories was 0.46 and the average age was 43, that of those who had healthy behavior in three categories was 0.52 and the average age was 44, that of those who had healthy behavior in two categories was 0.57 and the average age was 41, that of those who the healthy behavior in one category was 0.62 and the average age was 40, and that those who did not have healthy behavior in six categories was 0.79 and the average age was 43. 4. The health statues of the persons who the healthy behavior were better than those who did not have healthy behavior. If the people have healthy behavior in young age and they have healthy education continuously, they can live healthier lives.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.296-304
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• 2017

In order to predict about forest fire behavior we constructed a database for combustion characteristic of forest fuels in Samcheok, Gangwon-do and prepared fire risk map and fire risk rating using GIS method in this study. For the mapping autoignition temperature, ignition time, flame duration time, total heat release and total smoke release are selected as the standardized parameters and the overall risk rating was made up of the ignition risk parameters(autoignition temperature, ignition time) and the spread risk parameters(flame duration time, total heat release, total smoke release). Forest fire risk was classified into 5 grades and lower grade of fire risk rating mean to correspond to more dangerous forest fire. As a result, the overall risk rating of Samcheok was classified into three grades from 1 to 3 and Nogok-myeon and Miro-myeon were turned out the most dangerous areas for forest fire. Because of the colony of pine and oak trees and the higher fire loads, the flame propagation will be carried out quickly in these areas.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.939-948
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• 1998

To investigate the relationship between eating behavior and the prevalence of adolescents drug abuse and smoking, this survey was conducted among 349 male students(mean age ; 16.0 $\pm$0.9yrs) at technical high schools in Kyunggi-Do. It was shown that 58.7% of total subjects were smoking and 11.2% were abusing drugs. Drug abusers weighed Less than non-abusers especially, student smokers were 2.7kg lighter than non-smokers despite the same height. Although parents' education showed no relationship with drug abuse, educational level of student smokers' fathers was significantly lower than that of non-smokers' fathers. Drug abusers and smokers showed significantly higher incidence of runaway from home, absence from school without notice, and parents' divorce than non-abusers and non-smokers. Drugs abused were sleeping pills(n=20), bonds and butane gas(n=9), marijuana(n=3), tranquilizer(n=3), morphine and cocaine(n=2), and pep pills like amphetamine(n=2) 76.9% of the drug abusers had their first experience in junior high school and 81% of the smokers stared smoking as early as in junior high school. Also, 44% of the smokers reported that they smoke daily. The drug abusers tended to have more irregular eating habits than the non-abusers. The smokers showed irregular mealtime, ate either too fast or too slow, and especially, often skipped lunch or dinner. The drug abusers and smokers took little vegetable in their meals and often ate bread or noodles instead of rice for staples. In addition, they preferred taste to nutrition when they had meals. The smokers tended to ingest smaller amount of calcium source such as milk or dinner food and fish with bone although they consume more volume of total foods than the non-smokers. All subjects took less in calorie, calcium, iron, vitamin A, vitamin E, riboflavin, and folic acid than the Recommended Dietary Allowance Those findings suggest that drug abuse and smoking cause bad eating habits that influence unbalanced nutritional state. Therefore, nutrition education should be provided to the adolescents so that they can recognize the disadvantages of drug and smoking and its relation to dietary relation. (Korean J Nutrition 31(5) : 939-948, 1998)

• 한국노년학
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.1129-1145
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• 2008

In order to develop practical implications for depression among the elderly, this study examines socioeconomic and health-behavioral risk factors of geriatric depression diagnosis. Sample consists of 964 elders aged 65 and over, living in an urban community. Using the Short-form Geriatric Depression Scale(SGDS), study subjects were screened for geriatric depression to those who presented 10 points and over in SGDS. Descriptive statistics shows that about 22.2% elders are estimated to suffer from geriatric depression. Predictors of geriatric depression diagnosis were examined through logistic regression. Results show that elders who live with family, who have medical insurance, who have higher education, who don't smoke, and who do more physical activities were less likely to suffer from geriatric depression. These findings indicate that socioeconomic position such as health insurance, education and health behaviors such as smoking, physical activities are closely related to geriatric depression, suggesting that interventions on socioeconomic position and health behaviors may be effective to reduce depression among the elderly.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.165-175
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• 2022

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify differences in health behavior, health-related quality of life, and depression between adult men and women during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Data were obtained from 1,927 men and 2,314 women aged 19 to 64 who participated in the 7th Korea National Health and Nutrition Survey in 2020. Data were analyzed using complex sample x² test, complex sample general linear model, and complex sample logistic regression. Results: During the pandemic, men drank more alcohol (OR=2.34, 95% CI: 1.89~2.91) and smoked more (OR=7.89, 95% CI: 6.16~10.09) than women. In addition, men were 2.45 times more exposed to second-hand smoke at the workplace (95% CI: 1.78~3.37) and 1.4 times more exposed in public places (95% CI: 1.12~1.77). The rate of muscle exercise was higher among men than women (OR=2.09, 95% CI: 1.76~2.49). No difference in health-related quality of life was observed between men and women (t=0.17, p=.78), but women had higher depression scores (t=-3.14, p=.002). Conclusion: Customized sex-specific interventions should be developed during the COVID-19 pandemic. This kind of infectious disease disaster requires plans designed to reduce alcohol intake and smoking among men and interventions aimed at increasing muscle exercise among women. Strategies should also be formulated to reduce depression among women.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.35-53
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• 1996

The objective of the health promotion program was to strengthen the ability and willingness of individuals in the course of each stage of their lives to take action in support of their health and that of their families and communities in the home, the place of work and the school, and during recreation. The purpose of this study was to assess the need of school health promotion through health care behavior survey about diet, accident prevention, cigarette smoking experience, personal hygiene, visual impairment prevention, exercise, and environment protection. The subjects of this study were 914 students composed of Samrye, Bongdong, Samrye-Dong, Iseo, and Songkwang elementary school in Wanju area. The data were collected by questionaire corrected for the purpose of this study which had been developed by WHO, ‘Health behavior in school children’. These were carried out from March 20 to April 20, 1996. The data was analyzed by frequency, percentage, χ²-test with SPSS-PC+ program. The results were as follows. 1. Diet related behavior 1) Girl students eat less breakfast than male students. 2) Girl students eat less 3 times a day than male students. 3) The rate of eating nutritious medicine was high in order of 4th, 6th, and 5th graders. 4) Girl students drink less milk than male students. 5) The intake frequency of eating between meals was high in order of 6th, 5th, and 4th grader. 2. Cigarette smoking behavior 1) The rate of cigarette smoking rarely was high in 5th grader. 2) Male students smoke cigarette more than girl students. 3. Personal hygiene related behavior 1) The rate of washing hands after using toilet room was low in order of 4th, 5th, and 6th graders. 2) The rate of washing hands after using toilet room was low in male students. 3) The rate of washing hands when entering home from outdoor was low in male students. 4) The tooth brushing frequency before going to bed was low in male students. 5) The tooth brushing frequency was low in male students. 6) The rate of bathing was most low in 4th grader. 7) The rate of bathing was low in male students. 4. Visual impairment preventive behavior 1) The distance between eyes and book was near in order of 6th, 5th, and 4th graders. 5. Exercise 1) The exercise time in school was less in 4th grader. 2) The exercise time in school was less in girl students. 3) The exercise time out of school was less in 4th grader. 4) The exercise time out of school was less in girl students. 5) The self evaluation score about exercise ability was low in girl students. 6. Environment related behavior D The rate of collecting waste separately in school was most low in 4th grader.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.851-860
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• 2010

Objectives : This study examined the oral health behavior and dental services utilization of adolescents in order to provide information on how to disseminate the correct oral health behavior to the youth and develop programs for the approach. Methods : The raw data of 'The Third 2007 Youth Health Behavior Online Survey' carried out by the Korea Center for Disease Control and Prevention were analyzed. All survey data collected was processed using SPSS ver 17.0 for data analysis as Frequency analysis, chi-square and Logistic regression analysis. Results : 1.The adolescents who have parents with college degree are 70% higher of dental services utilization than the adolescents counterpart(whose parents don't have degrees). And also the adolescents living in cities are 1.3 times higher use of dental services than others living in countries. 2. In case of drinking soda, students having soda 4 days per week on average are 1.2 times higher use of dental services than who don't. 3.The students brushing teeth after lunch are 0.9 times lower use of dental service than who don't. And the students who have tooth ache whenever they have a meal are 1.6 times higher use of dental service than the students who don't have tooth ache. The students who had a dental health education are 1.4 times higher utilization of dental service than who don't. The difference of using dental service between the students who have gum disease and halitosis and the students who don't is almost none. 4. The students who drink alcohol and smoke 10 days more or less a month are 0.8 ~ 0.9 times lower use of dental service than who don't. Conclusions : The rate of utilizing dental service is higher at students who live with parents having college degrees and the more have oral health behavior, the less use of dental service for treatment. We concluded that more educational program should be developed and vitalized so that students can have oral health.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.477-482
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• 2014

The aim of this study was to investigate and compare technique, surgical time, and complications of laparoscopic ovariectomy using $LigaSure^{TM}$ and bipolar vessel sealing system in cats. Laparoscopic ovariectomy was performed under general anesthesia on 10 healthy female cats admitted for elective ovariectomy. Surgery was performed through three midline portals. Each ovary was randomly-assigned to removal by use of either $LigaSure^{TM}$ or bipolar vessel sealing system. Duration of predetermined surgery intervals and complications were compared. Bipolar OVE ($2:16{\pm}1:14$ minutes) took significantly longer surgical time compared to the $LigaSure^{TM}$ OVE ($1:24{\pm}0:59$ minutes, P = 0.021). The ovarian pedicle fat and obesity did not influence surgery duration. Intraoperative hemorrhage occurred with bipolar OVE in three cats, but had no significant influence on surgical time. The results suggest that both $LigaSure^{TM}$ and bipolar devices appear to be effective, but $LigaSure^{TM}$ can be used as a stand-alone device that decreases surgical time and complication compared with bipolar vessel sealing system.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.113-122
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• 1995

Nowadays drunken drive and other problems related to drinking have been increased in our society. Those problems, we believe, are just the outcomes of undesirable drinking life. To investigate the drinking life of youngsters aged between 20 and 30, 271 university students and workers in Chongju area were surveyed, focusing on attitude toward drinking, drinking behavior and drinking habits. The results are as follows: 1. Youngsters, regardless of their sex, have generous attitude toward drinking. 2. Youngsters usually drink to get along with their friends or fellow workers. 3. The university students drink alone more frequently than the workers do. And to drink alone occurs when they feel mental stress or face difficulties. 4. The university students and the workers do not differ in terms of average drinking frequency per month, the number of pubs they stop by per drinking occasion, and the king of liquor they take. 5. Above 80% of the car owners have experienced the drinking drive. And they tend to smoke more while drinking.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.363-372
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• 2001

The purpose of the study was to investigate social support, depression, drinking and smoking in college and working females. The convenience sample consisted of 169 college females and 133 working females. Data were collected from March to May, 2000. Social support was measured by the 6-item Social Support Questionnaire which assesses the size of the emotional social support network and satisfaction with social support. The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale was utilized to measure the level of depression symptoms. The average number of drinks and cigarettes smoked per week during the previous month was assessed. Results indicated that college students had more social support than working females. However, there were no significant differences in satisfaction with their support, depression, drinking and smoking between two groups. College females who smoked cigarettes were more depressed and had less social support than those who did not smoke. Also college females who drank alcohol were more depressed than those who did not drink during the previous month. However, the level of social support and depression were not associated with drinking and smoking among working females. Based on the results, it is suggested the application of various interventions to deal with drinking and smoking behavior among college and working females.