• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.12 no.10
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• pp.365-375
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• 2012

This study aimed to survey the impact of smartphone overuse on upper extremity pain, anxiety, depression, and interpersonal relationships among college students. Subjects completed a structured questionnaire consisting of the Smartphone Addiction Inventory, the Musculoskeletal Symptom Checklist, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, the Beck Depression Inventory-II, and the Relationship Change Scale from May to June 2012. We analyzed the survey data from 525 responses, excluding unreturned or incomplete surveys. Data were analyzed using the $x^2$ test and t-test to determine the differences in smartphone overuse and its impact on upper extremity pain, anxiety, depression, and interpersonal relationships between two groups: the overuse and normal use groups. Moreover, Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to examine the correlation between smartphone overuse and upper extremity pain, anxiety, depression, and interpersonal relationships. The results placed 62 people (11.8%) in the smartphone overuse group. The extent of smartphone overuse was more severe among female than male college students, and longer time spent using smartphones per day was directly related to smartphone overuse. The smartphone overuse group evidenced higher shoulder pain than the normal use group did, but no differences were found in other sites of the upper extremities. State anxiety, trait anxiety, and depression were higher in the smartphone overuse group than in the normal use group. Subjects with a higher extent of smartphone overuse experienced increased state-anxiety, trait-anxiety, and depression. Moreover, subjects with higher state-anxiety, trait-anxiety, and depression scores were more likely to have poor interpersonal relationships. Therefore, early screening for smartphone overuse should be evaluated, because it can be useful in developing addiction prevention programs to improve posture, stress coping, positive mental health, and effective interpersonal relationships.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.1-8
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• 2014

Recently, use of smartphones has increased so sharply at all ages that addiction problems have emerged. This study analysed factors, focusing on demographic variables, that impact on smartphone addiction of elementary students. First, differences between distributions of addicted groups and those between distributions of most frequently used smartphone functions per variable are analyzed. As a result, grade and academic achievements yield the biggest differences between distributions of addicted groups and gender, grade, and academic achievements yield differences between distributions of most frequently used smartphone functions. Also, differences between distributions of most frequently used smartphone functions per addicted user group are regarded significant. Furthermore, factors affecting smartphone addiction are analysed through the logistic regression analysis and decision trees, where grade, academic achievements, dual-income parents, and residential areas are found affecting in that order.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.5
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• pp.195-204
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• 2020

This research examines four specific objectives: (1) identifying factors that affect Vietnamese consumer attitudes towards smartphone advertising, (2) measuring the level of impact of the factors, (3) testing the difference of attitudes among groups of consumers with different characteristics in terms of gender, age, income, and academic level, and (4) proposing some managerial implications to have better Vietnamese consumer attitudes towards smartphone advertising. The study uses the online survey form via e-mail and Facebook in a convenience sampling method; the subjects surveyed are between the ages of 18 and 35, and all are in urban areas in Vietnam, and are using smartphones and accessing the internet and other phone applications. A sample of 490 respondents were valid and used for processing. The study employs a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods to analyze exploratory factors and linear multiple regression. The results reveal that there are five main factors affecting Vietnamese consumer attitudes towards smartphone advertising positively, arranged by reduced importance: entertainment, informativeness, credibility, non-irritation, permission and control. From that, the study offers some managerial suggestions for smartphone advertisers to improve their strategies and tatics to enhance their customer service, so that the smartphone advertising can attract people and help Vietnamese consumer in their buying behavior.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.48-57
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify the relationship between perceived smartphone addiction and physical and mental health among female college students. Methods: Data were collected using a questionnaire to measure perceived smartphone addiction and physical and mental health of 314 female students attending a college located in D city from April 9 to May, 31, 2019. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, 𝑥² test, t-test and stepwise multiple regression with SPSS 18. Results: The respondents were classified into two groups, the perceived smartphone addiction group (29.3%) and the perceived smartphone non-addiction group (70.7%). Perceived smartphone addiction was significantly different according to daily smartphone usage time (p<.001), smartphone usage fee (p=.005), most satisfying thing about using smartphones (p=.006) and importance of smartphones in daily life (p<.001). The perceived smartphone addiction group had more physical health problems (p=.001) and more mental health problems (p<.001). The factors affecting physical health were perceived smartphone addiction and importance of smartphones in daily life, with 62% of explanatory power (F=10.15, p<.001). As for mental health, the affecting factors were also perceived smartphone addiction and importance of smartphones in daily life, with 87% of explanatory power (F=14.52, p<.001). Conclusion: It is important to raise awareness of smartphone addiction including its negative impact on physical and mental health, reduce smartphone usage time, and build offline social relationships.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.131-150
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• 2014

This study investigates factors, which affect subjective judgment of Smartphone users when they switch to a new product or other mobile carrier, and examine a relationship between switching intention and switching expected performance through users of in Korea and China. The results of the study showed that switching intention is positively associated with switching expected performance in both Korean and Chinese users. Brand reliability, functional quality, and general climate for Smartphone business have a significant impact on switching intention in both countries. In addition, personal innovation has a significant impact on switching intention of Korean users but Chinese. However, content quality has the effect on switching intention of Chinese user but Korean. This study provides useful strategies for switching behavior of Smartphone users of two different countries in the mobile industry.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.9 no.9
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• pp.237-244
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• 2019

This study aimed to investigate the effects of motive of use, stress and interpersonal satisfaction on smartphone overdependence in dental hygiene undergraduates. A questionnaire survey was conducted on 216 dental hygiene students in colleges in Dajeon and Chungnam regions. The results showed that motive of use(3-4hours/>4hours)(${\beta}=-0.178$), weekday usage (<3hours/3-4hours)(${\beta}=0.163$), and weekday usage (${\beta}=0.196$) had a high impact on smartphone overdependence in dental hygiene students. Weekday usage dummy 1 was the factor with the greatest impact, with an explanatory power of 25.6%. Additional studies on various factors that affect smartphone overdependence as well as education programs for preventing smartphone overdependence in dental hygiene students are needed.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.125-133
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• 2021

With the advent of experience era, the user experience has attracted much attention in all walks of life. And the importance of user experience emphasize began to be emphasized. It analyzed the interfering factors of user experience of smart phone medical APP, and evaluated their relative importance. Then it made suggestions on the priority of medical APP development and provided reference for medical APP design optimization and service quality improvement. First of all, based on the related research about user experience theory, smartphone APP user experience and mobile medical APP, it summarized the user experience elements of smartphone medical APP. Secondly, 200 subjects in the 20-40 age group who chose smartphone download experience and used medical APP were surveyed to rate the effect of 18 factors. The results show that the factors such as product resources, medical advertising recommendations, doctor-patient interaction, emotional pleasure, easy to learn, and other factors have a significant impact on users' good experience when using app.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.117-123
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• 2020

Purpose : VDT (visual display terminal syndrome) can affect individuals who monitor or who work or play using video screens, including those of smartphones. In general, headache symptoms from overuse of these screens can appear due to eye fatigue, muscle pain in the joints of wrists or fingers, and muscle pain in the neck or shoulders. Many studies in the literature have supported standards that seek to prevent these symptoms. The incidence of musculoskeletal diseases caused by the use of smartphones is expected to increase rapidly, particularly among children and young adults, and these diseases are expected to develop into a societal problem. Therefore, in this study we investigate whether tension headaches that develop from smartphone usage can affect forward neck posture, neck pain, and quality of life. Methods : A total of 93 students from University participated in this study. We divided participants into two groups, those with tension headaches (n = 25) and those without (n = 68) and took forward neck measurements. Headaches were classified according to criteria from the International Headache Society and involved bilateral headache position, quality of pressing or tightening pain, mild or moderate pain intensity, and none due to daily physical activity. We surveyed participants using the smartphone addiction diagnosis questionnaire, the Neck Disability Index (NDI), the Headache Impact Test (HIT-6), and the Quality of Life Questionnaire. Results : Although we found no significant differences in tension headaches due to smartphone addiction diagnosis (p = 0.25), SF-36 life quality assessment (p = 0.06), and cranio-vertebral angle (p = 0.07), we found significant differences from the HIT-6 and the NDI (p <.05). Conclusion : Tension headaches are not correlated with smartphone addiction, quality of life, and forward neck angle but do have a correlation with the degree of cervical dysfunction and the effects of the headaches.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.197-202
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• 2021

The main purpose of this study is to check whether the family relationship of adolescents has an impact on smartphone addiction and to verify of direct effects and moderating effects in according to self-efficacy. The survey was conducted to the adolescents who were second grade middle school students with 318 subjects in G metropolitan city. This study results found the followings: Family relationship and selfe-efficacy revealed direct influence on smartphone addiction. Moreover, the self-efficacy check the moderating effect of do family relationship on smartphone addiction. The results of this study are significant in that they demonstrated the influence of family relationship and self-effect on smartphone addiction and imply that self-efficacy can decrease or prevent smartphone addiction from family relationship problem.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.43-75
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• 2021

Clearly, the smartphone is increasingly playing a greater role in everyday life, thus providing opportunities to evaluate how well the use of the smartphone meets the requirements of undergraduate students in independent learning outside of a classroom setting. This study used the task-technology fit (TTF) model to explore the effectiveness of smartphone usage to interact with learning materials in independent learning outside of classrooms, the need for smartphone support, and the fit of devices to tasks as well as performance. First, the study used interviews, observation, and survey data to identify what are the most important constructs of smartphones that stimulate students to interact with learning materials in independent learning outside of classrooms. Based on the findings from the exploratory study and Task Technology Fit theory, we postulated the Navigation design, Ergonomic design, Content support, and Capacity as the essential dimension of the smartphone construct. Then, we proposed a research model and empirically tested hypotheses with the structural model analysis. The results reveal a significant positive impact of task and technology on TTF for smartphone usage to interact with learning materials in independent learning outside of classrooms; it also confirmed the TTF and performance have a direct effect on actual use.