• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.119-125
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• 2023

Smart home in the 4th industrial revolution environment is where all devices in the home are connected to each other to provide the optimal living environment desired by the user. Artificial intelligence speakers are being used as a way to manage and control all devices used in this environment. The function of an artificial intelligence speaker ranges from simple music playback to serving as an interface that controls and manages all devices in a smart home space. In this study, we investigated and analyzed the usability of artificial intelligence speakers based on the current status of domestic and overseas markets and the survey contents of two organizations (Korea Consumer Agency and Korea Information and Communication Policy Institute (KISDI)). In addition, we investigated and analyzed the usability of artificial intelligence speakers. Based on the results of responses from users from two related organizations, major problems were derived, and major improvement measures, such as discovering new functions and improving voice recognition performance, were also described.

• 지식경영연구
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.25-42
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• 2019

AI speakers which are wireless speakers with smart features have released from many manufacturers and adopted by many customers. Though smart features including voice recognition, controlling connected devices and providing information are embedded in many mobile phones, AI speakers are sitting in home and has a role of the central en-tertainment and information provider. Many surveys have investigated the important factors to adopt AI speakers and influ-encing factors on satisfaction. Though most surveys on AI speakers are cross sectional, we can track customer attitude toward AI speakers longitudinally by analyzing customer reviews on AI speakers. However, there is not much research on the change of customer attitude toward AI speaker. Therefore, in this study, we try to grasp how the attitude of AI speaker changes with time by applying text mining-based analysis. We collected the customer reviews on Amazon Echo which has the highest share of AI speakers in the global market from Amazon.com. Since Amazon Echo already have two generations, we can analyze the characteristics of reviews and compare the attitude ac-cording to the adoption time. We identified all sub topics of customer reviews and specified the topics for smart features. And we analyzed how the share of topics varied with time and analyzed diverse meta data for comparisons. The proportions of the topics for general satisfaction and satisfaction on music were increasing while the proportions of the topics for music quality, speakers and wireless speakers were decreasing over time. Though the proportions of topics for smart fea-tures were similar according to time, the share of the topics in positive reviews and importance metrics were reduced in the 2nd generation of Amazon Echo. Even though smart features were mentioned similarly in the reviews, the influential effect on satisfac-tion were reduced over time and especially in the 2nd generation of Amazon Echo.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.999-1015
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• 2023

Smart speakers represent a growing product in home electronics. However, their capability to record voices in their immediate surroundings has spurred concerns about privacy violations. In this paper, we assess the extent of those concerns in the opinions of smart speaker users by examining the reviews posted by smart speaker users. We focus on South Korea as a representative of advanced Asian economies. The results show that Korean smart speaker users are either unconcerned or unaware of privacy issues, confirming the results of previous studies about UK users, but with an even lower degree of interest in the topic. However, for the few users concerned about privacy, their attitude towards privacy influences their overall opinion about smart speakers.

• 한국HCI학회논문지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.15-22
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• 2019

본 연구에서는 인공지능 대화형 에이전트인 스마트 스피커의 지능형 에이전트로서의 속성, 즉 자율성, 사회성, 반응성, 능동성, 시간연속성, 목표지향성에 대하여 이용자들이 일상적 상호작용을 통하여 어떤 기대를 가지는지, 또한 어떤 기대격차를 갖는지 살펴보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 스마트 스피커 이용자들을 대상으로 반구조화 인터뷰(semi-structured interview)를 진행하고 그라운드 이론에 기반하여 분석하였다. 연구 결과 사람들은 기술수준의 한계로 인해 스마트 스피커의 사회성이나 인간다움에 대해 큰 기대격차를 갖고 있었다. 스마트 스피커의 반응성에 대해서는 긍정적인 기대격차를 갖는 것으로 드러났고, 시간연속적으로 정보를 기억하는 것에 대해서는 정보의 민감성 정도나 제시방식에 따라 양가적 기대격차가 나타났다. 자율적인 추천에 대해서는 낮은 기대수준이 나타났고 능동적인 말걸기에 대해서는 맥락에 맞는 경우에만 선호하는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 스마트 스피커와 상호작용하는 방식을 설계하고 기대 수준을 관리하는데 있어서 함의점을 제시한다.

• 한국IT서비스학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.191-205
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• 2018

With the advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) techniques, many consumer products have adopted AI features for providing proactive and personalized services to customers. One of the most prominent products featuring AI techniques is a smart speaker. The fundamental of smart speaker is a portable wireless Internet connecting speaker which already have existed in a consumer market. By applying AI techniques, smart speakers can recognize human voices and communicate with them. In addition, they can control other connecting devices and provide offline services. The goal of this study is to identify the impact of AI techniques for customer rating to the products. We compared customer reviews of other portable speakers without AI features and those of a smart speaker. Amazon echo is used for a smart speaker and JBL Flip 4 Bluetooth Speaker and Ultimate Ears BOOM 2 Panther Limited Edition are used for the comparison. These products are in the same price range ($50~100) and selected as featured products in Amazon.com. All reviews for the products were collected and common words for all products and unique words of the smart speaker were identified. Information gain values were calculated to identify the influences of words to be rated as positive or negative. Positive and negative words in all the products or in Amazon echo were identified, too. Topic modeling was applied to the customer reviews on Amazon echo and the importance of each topic were measured by summating information gain values of each topic. This study provides a way of identifying customer responses on the AI feature and measuring the importance of the feature among diverse features of the products.

• 사물인터넷융복합논문지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.41-46
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• 2022

사물인터넷환경에서의 스마트 홈은 가정안에서의 모든 기기들이 서로 연결되어 사용자에 최적의 생활환경을 제공함을 목표로 한다. 이러한 스마트 홈 환경에서 모든 기기들을 관리, 제어할 수 있는 방법으로 인공지능 스피커가 사용되고 있다. 기존의 스피커 기능이 단순한 음악재생에서 스마트 홈 공간에 존재하는 모든 기기들을 제어, 관리하는 인터페이스의 역할로 전환되고 있는 것이다. 본 연구에서는 인공지능 스피커의 선두 주자인 미국 및 국내의 시장 현황 및 활용성 분석 내용을 다루었다. 주요 대상 기업으로는 미국의 아마존, 구글, 애플등을 비롯하여 국내의 kakao, SKT, KT등을 대상으로 하였다. 또한 인공지능 스피커에 대한 국내 사용자들의 반응 결과를 토대로 주요 문제점에 대한 도출 및 개선 방안등에 대해 기술하였다.

• 지식경영연구
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.197-210
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• 2020

The smart speaker includes an AI assistant function in the existing portable speaker, which enables a person to give various commands using a voice and provides various offline services associated with control of a connected device. The speed of domestic distribution is also increasing, and the functions and linked services available through smart speakers are expanding to shopping and food orders. Through text mining-based customer review analysis, there have been many proposals for identifying the impact on customer attitudes, sentiment analysis, and product evaluation of product functions and attributes. Emotional investigation has been performed by extracting words corresponding to characteristics or features from product reviews and analyzing the impact on assessment. After obtaining the topic from the review, the effect on the evaluation was analyzed. And the market competition of similar products was visualized. Also, a study was conducted to analyze the reviews of smart speaker users through text mining and to identify the main attributes, emotional sensitivity analysis, and the effects of artificial intelligence attributes on product satisfaction. The purpose of this study is to collect blog posts about the user's experiences of smart speakers released in Korea and to analyze the attitudes of customers according to their attributes. Through this, customers' attitudes can be identified and visualized by each smart speaker product, and the positioning map of the product was derived based on customer recognition of smart speaker products by collecting the information identified by each property.

• 인터넷정보학회논문지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2022

최근 스마트 스피커의 기능이 다양해지면서 스마트 스피커의 보급률이 증가하고 있다. 보급이 증가함에 따라 스마트 스피커에 대해 비정상적인 행위를 발생시키는 기법이 제안되고 있으며 여러 가지 공격 중 Voice Controllable System(VCS)에 대해 비정상적인 행위를 발생시키는 DolphinAttack은 초음파(f>20kHz)를 이용하여 사용자의 인식 없이 VCS를 제3자가 제어하는 방법이다. 하지만 기존의 제어 방법은 초음파 대역을 사용하기 때문에 초음파 신호를 출력할 수 있는 초음파 스피커나 초음파 전용 장비의 설치가 필요했다. 본 논문에서는 추가적인 장비, 즉, 초음파 장비의 설치 없이 사람의 가청 주파수 대역이지만 노화에 의해 듣기 힘든 주파수(18k~20kHz)로 변조된 음성신호를 출력하여, 스마트 스피커를 제어하는 방법을 제안한다. 스마트 스피커의 경우 마이크가 내장되어 있어, 변조된 음성신호를 수신할 수 있다. 본 논문에서 제안한 방법으로 수행한 결과, 가청 대역임에도 불구하고 사람은 음성명령을 인식하지 못하였으며, 스마트 스피커에 대해 82~96%의 확률로 제어가 가능했다.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제10권11호
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• pp.33-39
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• 2019

교육업계에 교육과 정보기술(IT)을 융합한 '에듀테크' 바람이 불고 있다. 4차 산업혁명 핵심 기술이 최근 교육 분야에 적극 활용되고 있는데 학습자들은 인공지능 기반 학습 플랫폼을 이용해 자신이 부족한 부분을 스스로 진단하고, 클라우드 학습 플랫폼으로 온라인상에서 개인 맞춤형 교육을 받는다. 최근 인공지능 기술과 음성인식 기술을 접목한 스마트 스피커와 같은 새로운 교육 매체가 등장하게 되어 다양한 교육서비스가 시도되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 기존 교육의 한계를 극복하기 위해 스마트 스피커를 교육적으로 활용하는 방안을 제시하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 스마트 스피커의 개념 및 특성을 알아보고 스마트 스피커에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 분석하여 시사점을 도출하였다. 또한 스마트 스피커이용의 문제점에 대해서도 고찰하였다.

• 아태비즈니스연구
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.149-166
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• 2023

Purpose - This study aimed to examine the influence of various factors on customer satisfaction and the continuance usage intention, based on the purchasing type of smart speaker users. Design/methodology/approach - Data was gathered through surveys, collecting responses from 180 smart speaker users in Korea. Structural equation modeling was utilized to analyze the data. Findings - Both perceived usefulness and perceived security were observed to have a significant positive impact on customer satisfaction across all user groups. Moreover, perceived ease of use and perceived versatility showed a significant positive effect on the continuance usage intention. Notably, for those who acquired the smart speakers for free, perceived usefulness had a positive impact on the continuance usage intention. Conversely, for those who made a paid purchase, perceived versatility played a significant role in driving customer satisfaction. Research implications or Originality - This research offers insights into the Korean smart speaker market, a unique environment where local competitors thrive in the absence of giants like Amazon and Google. It provides a nuanced view of customer reactions to these innovative devices. The study further distinguishes between high-involvement (paid purchase users) and low-involvement (free acquisition users) consumers, offering a more detailed understanding of user perspectives based on their acquisition mode.