• 성인간호학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.303-313
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate bone mineral density(BMD) and identify risk factors of osteoporosis in Korean postmenopausal women. Methods: The subjects consisted of 328 women. The BMD of the calcaneus were measured with peripheral dual energy x-ray absorptiometry. The risk factors were collected by a self-report standardized questionnaire. The differences among the osteoporosis, osteopenia, and normal group were compared by one way analysis of variance test, Scheffe's multiple comparison tests and Logistic regression. Results: The average age was 65 years old and the average T-score was 28.7% with osteoporosis. The Risk factors of osteoporosis were inclined by 24% in age (OR = 1.24, CI = 1.16 ~ 1.31), 53% in menarchal age (OR = 1.53, CI = 1.24 ~ 1.88), 3.5 times in vegetarian (OR = 3.52, CI = 1.66 ~ 7.47), 2 times in small-bowel disease (OR = 2.01, CI= 1.03 ~ 3.94), 5.3 times in arthritis (OR = 5.33, CI = 1.61 ~ 17.67), 5.5 times in eating disorder (OR = 5.50, CI = 1.43 ~ 21.17), 6 times in health perception (OR = 6.08, CI = 2.30 ~ 16.06). The Risk factors of osteoporosis were reduced by 10% in weight (OR = 0.90. CI = 0.83 ~ 0.97), and 10% in menopausal age (OR = 0.90. CI = 0.84 ~ 0.98). Conclusion: The risk factors of osteoporosis were in the general characteristics, menstrual history, history of disease, life style & diet, and health perception. Eating disorder and health perception are highest on the risk factor of osteoporosis in Korean postmenopausal women.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.113-118
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• 2005

Diverticulosis of the small intestine is a rare entity, compared with that of duodenum or colon, and is found in only 1% of autopsied patients. The main complications are diverticulitis with or without a perforation, obstruction and hemorrhage, which are associated with a high mortality. Intussusception is primarily a disease of childhood; with only 5 to 10% of cases occurring in adults. In contrast to childhood intussusception, 90% of adult intussusception cases are had an associated pathologic processes. An inflammatory fibroid polyp is an uncommonly localized non-neoplastic lesion of the gastrointestinal tract. It occurs most often in the stomach and secondly in the ileum. It rarely occurs in other organs such as the colon, jejunum, duodenum and esophagus. We report a case of jejunal diverticulitis with a perforation combined with intussusception caused by an inflammatory fibroid polyp. A 78-year-old female presented with abdominal pain, fever and chill. Contrast CT scan showed intussusception of the ileum. The patient was treated with a small bowel segmental resection. After surgery, the specimen showed jejunal diverticulitis with perforation.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.59-70
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• 1989

자궁경부암은 치료후의 생존율이 좋은 암으로 인정되고 있으나 전 자궁경부암의 $44\%$는 재발되며 재발암의 대부분은 국소재발이다. 더욱이 재발된 암은 어떤 방법으로 치료한다 하더라도 5년 생존율은 $2\~9\%$에 불과하다고 보고되고 있다. 이러한 사실은 적극적인 국소치료법이 필요함을 시사하고 있으나 국소방사선 조사선량을 증가시켜 치료율을 높이려 할 경우 필연적으로 따라오는 합병증의 증가가 우려되어 불충분함을 인정하면서도 전골반에 4500cGy이하, A점에 8500cGy정도가 사용되어 왔다. 1986년 4월부터 1987년 12월까지 영남대찰 치료방사선과에서 중앙차폐없이 전골반에 5000cGy, 고선량률 강내치료로 A점에 3900cGy, 외부선량을 포함한 A점 총 선량 8900cGy를 조사함으로서 종래의 치료보다 $500~1000cGy$를 더 조사받은 자궁경부암 환자 103명중 추적 치료가 불가능 하였던 환자를 제외한 96명을 대상으로 장관합병증을 분석하였다. 종래보다$500\~1000cGy$를 더 조사 받았으나 합병증이 증가되지 않았음을 보고함으로서 합병증의 증가 없이 생존율의 증가를 얻을 수 있는 최고선량을 결정하는 기초자료로 삼고자 본 연구를 시도하였다. 평균 추적기간은 21개월이었고 대부분의 증상은 12개월 이내에 나타났단. 이급후증(tenesmus), 하복부 동통을 포함한 장관합병증은 $46\%$였고 입원치료를 받은 환자는 6명 $(0\%)$이었으나 수술이 필요한 환자는 1명분이었다. X선 대장촬영과 직장경 검사를 실시하였으나 바리움 대장촬영에서 1명만이 비정상적인 소견을 보여 직장손상의 진단에 효율이 적음을 시사하였다. 환자의 연령, 총 조사선량, 총 TDF, 직장조사선량과 장관합병증은 무관함을 보여주었다. 입원치료가 필요한 6명의 환자 중 5명이 축소조사야를 사용한 추가치료를 했던 환자로서 추가치료가 합병중의 위험 인자임을 시사하였다(p<0.01). 심한 합병증을 보인 6명중 3명 이 방사선 치료전 수술경험이 있었으며 직장선량이 다른 환자들의 평균직장선량(7300cGy) 보다 작음에도 불구하고 (5252 cGy) 심한증상을 보여 치료전의 수술기왕력 이 위험 인자가 될 수 있음을 시사하였다. 종래의 치료양보다 $500\~1000cGy$ 더 높은 선량에도 불구하고 입원치료가 필요하였던 환자는 $6\%$, 수술이 필요하였던 환자는 $1\%$로 합병증의 증가 없이 A점에 8900cGy, 직장에 7300cGy정도의 국소치료가 가능함을 보여 주었으나 생존율에 대한 추후 분석이 따라야 할 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한영상의학회지
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• 제85권1호
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• pp.109-123
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• 2024

황색육아종성 염증 질환은 담낭, 담관, 췌장, 비장, 위, 소장, 결장, 충수, 신장, 부신, 요막관, 방광, 후복막, 여성 생식기 등 다양한 장기를 침범하는 드문 양성 질환이다. 황색육아종성 염증 질환의 영상학적 소견은 비특이적이고 대개 비균질한 고형 또는 낭성 종괴로 나타나며 인접한 장기를 침범할 수 있다. 황색육아종성 염증 질환은 공격적인 양상으로 인해 때때로 악성 종양으로 오인될 수 있다. 본 임상화보에서는 복부와 골반의 다양한 장기에서 발생한 황색육아종성 염증 질환의 영상 소견 및 임상양상을 고찰하고자 한다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제57권5호
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• pp.226-231
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• 2014

Purpose: Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD) is a benign disease, which is characterized by a cervical lymphadenopathy with fever, and it often mimics malignant lymphoma (ML). 2-[$^{18}F$]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography ($^{18}F$-FDG PET/CT) is a powerful imaging modality for the diagnosis, staging and monitoring of ML, with the limitations including the nonspecific FDG uptake in infectious or inflammatory processes. This study compared clinical manifestations and PET/CT findings between KFD and ML patients. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 23 patients with KFD and 33 patients with ML, diagnosed histopathologically, between January 2000 and May 2013 at the Department of Pediatrics, Yeungnam University Medical Center. Among them, we analyzed the clinical manifestations, laboratory findings and characteristics, and the amount of $^{18}F$-FDG uptake between 8 KFD and 9 ML patients who had $^{18}F$-FDG PET/CT. Results: The $^{18}F$-FDG PET/CT maximum standardized uptake values ($SUV_{max}$) ranged from 8.3 to 22.5 (mean, 12.0) in KFDs, and from 5.8 to 34.3 (mean, 15.9) in MLs. There were no significant differences in $SUV_{max}$ between KFDs and MLs. $^{18}F$-FDG PET/CT with ML patients showed hot uptakes in the extranodal organs, such as bone marrow, small bowel, thymus, kidney, orbit and pleura. However, none of the KFD cases showed extranodal uptake (P<0.001). $^{18}F$-FDG PET/CT findings of KFD with nodal involvement only were indistinguishable from those of ML. Conclusion: Patients who had extranodal involvement on PET/CT were more likely to have malignancy than KFD.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제48권
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• pp.58-64
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• 2003

To enjoy a healthy life, it is important to have a well-balanced diet. However, in today's society, there is an increase in the consumption of preprocessed foods and frequency of eating out. Also the western diet, which is becoming move popular worldwide, contains relatively high levels of protein and fat, and a low amount of fiber, Furthermore, the increased availability of favorite foods has created a condition were the individual diet is less variable. With these conditions, it is difficult to maintain a diet that is nutritionally balanced. With these unbalanced diets, which are difficult to change, there has been an increase in adult disease and health problems, such as colon and breast cancer, It is speculated that metabolites for carcinogens are produced from diet components and that intestinal bacteria contribute to the production of these metabolites. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the relationships between health, diet, and intestinal microflora. Soybean oligosaccharide is composed of water-soluble saccharides that have been extracted from soybean whey, a by-product from the production of soy protein. This is mainly a mixture of mono-, di-, tri-, and tetrasac-charides, with the principle components being the oligosaccharide raffinose and stachyose. When consumed by humans, the oligosaccharides cannot be digested in the human duodenal and small intestinal mucosa, and these are selectively utilized by beneficial bifidobacteria in intestines. The results of acute and subacute toxicity tests, soy-bean oligosaccharides were nonpoisonous. Soybean oligosaccharides promote the growth of indigenous bifido-bacteria in the colon which by their antagonistic effects, suppress the activity of putrefactive bacteria. Also, they reduce toxic metabolites, detrimental enzymes and plasma lipid, and increase in the frequency of bowel evacuation and fecal quantities. Consequently, soybean oligosaccharides as functional foods components have potential roles in the prevention and medical treatment of chronic adult diseases. The study of processing property and physiological function of soybean oligosacchavides and development of high oligosaccharide variety allow the creation of new and exciting foodstuffs that aye functional healthy.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제68권1호
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• pp.29-33
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• 2010

Strongyloides stercoralis is an intestinal nematode that is a parasite to humans. The infecting filariform larvae of S. stercoralis enters the host body via the bloodstream, passes through the lungs, penetrates the alveoli, and then ascends the airway to transit down the esophagus into the small bowel. The infection can persist for decades without causing major symptoms and can elicit eosinophilia of varying magnitudes. Of note, this infection can also develop into a disseminated, often fatal, disease (hyperinfection) in patients receiving immunosuppressive corticosteroids. A 65-year-old man who was receiving corticosteroid therapy for the treatment of spinal stenosis was admitted to the emergency room with complaints of abdominal pain and severe dyspnea. We detected many S. stercoralis larvae in the sputum and in the bronchoalveolar-lavage sample collected by bronchoscopy. Here, we report a fatal case of strongyloidiasis with acute respiratory failure and intestinal perforation. In addition, we provide a brief review of the relevant medical literature.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.105-108
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• 2013

Type 1 neurofibromatosis (von Recklinghausen's disease, NF-1) is an autosomal-dominant neurocutaneous-disorder characterized by systemic cafe'-au-lait spots, multiple cutaneous neurofibromas, axillary or inguinal freckling, and Lisch nodules (pigmented iris hamartomas). Approximately 10-25% of NF1 patients have gastrointestinal neoplasms. Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) in patients with neurofibromatosis is most commonly found in the small bowel and the stomach, and approximately 60% of such patients have multiple tumors or multiple tumor sites. Although, the increased incidence of GIST in patients with neurofibromatosis is well documented in pathology literature in English, but has rarely been documented in Korea. Here, we report a case of multiple GISTs in a 48-year-old woman accompanied by NF1. She was admitted to Yeung-nam University Hospital with complaints of melena and dyspnea. A contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) scan revealed that multiple soft tissue masses were occupying the entire peritoneal cavity. An ultrasonogram- guided biopsy was performed and the tumors were found to have been composed of tumor cells that were positive for c-kit protein. The patient was put on Imatinib mesylate treatment, and further follow-up will be carried out.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.258-263
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• 2003

Colon-specific delivery of glucocorticoids is highly desirable for the efficient treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. We synthesized prednisolone 21-sulfate sodium (PDS) as a colon-specific prodrug of prednisolone (PD) and investigated its properties using rats as test animals. We expected that introduction of sulfate ester as a sodium salt might increase the hydrophilicity and restrict the absorption in the GI tract. If PDS is stable and nonabsorbable in the upper intestine, it will be delivered to the colon as an intact form, where it hydrolyze by the sulfatase to release PD. Compared with PD, the solubility of PDS increased and the apparent partition coefficient decreased greatly. PDS was stable on incubation with pH 1.2 and 6.8 buffer solutions and with the contents of the stomach and small intestine. On incubation with the cecal contents, PDS decreased to 9.6％ of the dose in 10 h producing PD. The amount of PD increased to give a maximum 54％ of the dose and decreased. As a control, when PD was incubated with the cecal contents, it decreased to 29％ of the dose in 8 h, which implied that reduction of PD proceeded under such conditions. These results suggested that hydrolysis of PDS took place to produce and accumulate PD, which decreased by reduction as the incubation period extended. Our results suggested that PDS can be a promising colon-specific prodrug of PD, and sulfate ester group might serve as a potential colon-specific promoiety, especially for the drugs which are resistant to reduction in the colon.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.45-49
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• 2007

Dextran-5-aminosalicylic acid conjugate (dextran-5-ASA) was in vitro-evaluated as a polymeric colon-spe-cific prodrug of 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA). Chemical stability of dextran-5-ASA in the pH 1.2 or 6.8 buffer solutions was investigated at 37 for 6 hrs. The dextran backbone was not degraded and no 5-ASA release was detected. Moreover, dextran-5-ASA neither liberated 5-ASA in the homogenates of the small intestine of rats nor was transported across Caco-2 cell monolayers, suggesting no significant loss of dextran-5-ASA during transit through the upper intestine. Furthermore, incubation of dextran-5-ASA in 10% cecal contents of rats released about 37% and 55% of 5-ASA bound to dextran in 8 hr and 24 hr, respectively. While that with either esterase or dextranase failed to liberate 5-ASA from the polymeric prodrug, incubation of dextran-5-ASA with both esterases and dextranse released 5-ASA up to about 24% of 5-ASA bound to dextran. These results suggest that, after oral administration of dextran-5-ASA, the polymeric prodrug is delivered specifically to and releases 5-ASA in the large intestine, and reveal that the 5-ASA release by cleavage of the ester bond requires precedent depolymerization of the dextran backbone.