• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.325-328
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• 2006

10년령의 암컷 Miniature Schnauzer개가 지속적인 식욕결핍, 이장열, 구토, 복통 등의 증상으로 내원하였다. 혈액검사 상에서 백혈구 수치는 만성 염증 소견을 나타내었고, 혈액 화학검사에서는 심한 담즙정체를 나타내는 중등도의 간담도계 이상 지표를 보여주었다. 복부 방사선과 초음파상에서 간종대, 담낭내 슬러지와 결석, 방광내 결석등이 관찰되었다. 이러한 진단 소견을 바탕으로 본 증례를 방광 결석증이 합병된 담낭내 담석과 슬러지에 의한 간외성 담관 폐색증으로 진단하였다. 담석과 방광결석을 담낭절제술과 방광절제술을 통해 담낭과 방광으로부터 각각 제거하였으며, 수술 후 환축의 임상증상 개선은 매우 빠르게 진행되었다.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.9-16
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• 2019

The decrease in population of school age is one of major influencing factor of transformative educational environment. After the nineteen eighties, the population of South Korea has increased step by step, but the population of school age has been decreasing rapidly by low birth rate. As a result, closed school by merger and abolition of small school occurred all over the country. The closed school needed effective function as center of local community. Consequently the purpose of this study is to provide basic data for effective policy making of closed school by comparative analysis of educational environment such as number of students, schools, students per class, status of usage of closed school of the east area and the west area divided by The Tae Baek Mountains in the Gangwon-do, which has the least students in the nationwide. The results of this study are summarized as follows: 1) Gangwon-do has high decreasing rate of population, schools and students compared with other provinces. However it has significantly low number of students per class. 2) The number of students, schools of the west area in Gangwon-do outnumbers that of the east area. However the number of students per class of the east area in Gangwon-do lesser than that of the west area.

• 한국방재안전학회논문집
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.33-47
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• 2023

｢소규모 공공시설 안전관리 등에 관한 법률(2015 제정)｣에 따라 각 지자체에서는 소규모 공공시설을 선정하고, 매년 안전점검을 실시하고 있다. 소규모 공공시설 중 소교량은 세천과 더불어 재해위험성이 높고 마을주민의 공공이용성이 높은 시설이나, 그 개소수가 매우 많아 지자체의 한정된 인원으로 관리하기 어려운 시설에 해당한다. 따라서 지자체의 관리능력을 고려하여 합리적인 선정방법이 필요하며, 객관적 위험도 평가를 통한 위험시설의 선정 및 정비계획의 수립이 요구된다. 이에 본 연구에서는 지자체의 관리능력을 고려하여 소교량의 구조적, 기능적 분류를 통한 선정방법을 제시하고, 위험도 평가 10개 항목의 정량적 평가지표를 제시함으로써 객관적인 위험도 평가가 이루어질 수 있는 방안을 제시하였다.

• 교육시설 논문지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.3-12
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to propose a framework to analyse the educational effects and outcome of the boarding middle school established following the merger and abolition of small schools in rural area. According to the decrease in birth rate and reduction of population in rural area, primary schools have brought about many problems for decrease of number of student, and environment of education have became deteriorated. Accordingly, primary schools be required improvement, and it should be altered placement of schools because it change number of student, distance and time of attending school, and formation of school zone are changed by alternating of human and physical environment. Merger and abolition of primary school is inevitable for change of placement standard to primary school and qualitative improvement of environment of education in rural area. This study suggests 1)educational effects and outcome, 2)changes and benefits of student's living conditions, 3)social effects to local community, and 4)economical efficiency analysis as a new framework to evaluate the validity of establishing a school. It sets up a hypothesis that the students, parents and community satisfy the boarding school in rural area, a school record be improved and the abolition of schools have little effect on community. Finally, it emphasizes that in order to success the policy of the merger of small schools and the boarding middle school, it be attributed to the social-cultural environment based on local residents and community and required provision of a variety of utilization plans reflecting local specifics and guarantee of local residents' participation and selection.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2010년도 춘계 학술발표회
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• pp.448-456
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• 2010

The mechanical behavior of granular soils is affected by particle bonding including natural cementation. This study addresses a simple model of small strain stiffness and salt concentration based on wave measurements of salt-cemented particulate media. Published models of artificially cemented soils with different curing methods and several types of cementation agents are reviewed. Glass beads with the median diameter of D50 = 0.5mm are prepared in rectangular cells using the water-pluviated method in salt water with different concentrations. Piezo disk elements and bender elements embedded in the cell are used for the measurements of compressional and shear waves. The relationships between elastic wave velocities and salt concentration show an exponential function. The measured small strain stiffness matches well the predicted small strain stiffness based on micromechanics for simple cubic monosized sphere particles. This study demonstrates that the salt concentration in salt-cemented specimen may be evaluated by using elastic wave velocities.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.216-233
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to identify the aspects of elementary school students' interactions shown conceptual changes in collaborative scientific argumentation. Fifty sixth graders of an elementary school in Jeonju were selected for this study. Ten small groups consisting of five students each were organized evenly with considerations of their gender, science achievement, scientific discussion experience and degree of communication apprehension. 'Food web and Ecosystem' and 'Change of Moon shape' were selected as the proper topics of collaborative scientific argumentation in terms of difficulty to be understanded by the $6^{th}$ graders. The small group's dialogue was recorded. The students' activity sheets, field note and interviews of the participants were collected. Based on the collected data, we analyzed the aspect of small groups' interaction shown conceptual change of each student. The result of this study was as follows: The interaction aspects of the small group of students who showed conceptual changes in the collaborative scientific discussion have a tendency of showing their discussion responses, explanation-opposition discourse, the use of rigorous criteria, their collaborative attitude and participation.

• 대한금속재료학회지
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• 제49권7호
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• pp.515-521
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• 2011

Small punch creep testing has received attention due to the convenience of using smaller specimens than those of conventional uniaxial creep tests, which enables creep testing on developing or currently operational components. However, precedent studies have shown that it is necessary to consider friction between the punch and specimen when computing uniaxial equivalent stress from a finite element model. In this study, small punch creep behaviors of AISI 316L stainless steel, which is widely used in high temperature-high pressure machineries, have been compared for the two different ceramic balls such as $Si_3N_4$ and $Al_2O_3$. The optimal range of the friction coefficient is 0.4~0.5 at $650^{\circ}C$ for the best fit between experimental and simulation data of AISI 316 L stainless steel. The higher the friction coefficient, the longer the creep rupture time is. Therefore, the type of ceramic ball used must be specified for standardization of small punch creep testing.

• 교육시설
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.13-21
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• 2005

The idea of the school networks for joint venture and use of school facilities is forming and using an organic network of schools that will communally share a group of facilities that are uniquely appropriate for each schools. Focused on two prominent cities of Northern Choongnam province, Cheonan and Asan city, the objective of this study is to present and exhibit the plans for joint venture and use of school facilities, and to use them as an example for other provincial cities within the nation where such renovation may be possible. The school networks is proposed based on units of 1 km radius around each site, that is named as small school network, in order to ease the communal use of the sidewalks by the residents and the facilities by the nearby schools. In Cheonan city, six small school networks were proposed, which will supply three to four elementary schools for an average of 50,000 people. On the other hand, Asan city, which showed shortages of elementary schools, three small school networks including the middle and high schools in addition to the elementary schools were proposed, that will provide three to six schools for an average of 30,000 people.

• 전력전자학회논문지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.159-165
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• 2017

Small-signal modeling and controller design methodology are proposed to improve the dynamics and stability of a DC-DC dual active bridge (DAB) converter. The state-space average method has a limitation when applied to the DAB converter because its state variables are nonlinear and have zero average values in a switching period. Therefore, the small-signal model and the frequency response of the DAB converter are derived and analyzed using a generalized average method instead of conventional modeling methods. The design methodology of a lead-lag controller instead of the conventional proportional-integral controller is also proposed using the derived small-signal model. The accuracy and performance of the proposed small-signal model and controller are verified by simulation and experimental results with a 500 W prototype DAB converter.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.180-194
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• 2021

For small image registration, feature-based approaches are likely to fail as feature detectors cannot detect enough feature points from low-resolution images. The classic FFT approach's prediction accuracy is high, but the registration time can be relatively long, about several seconds to register one image pair. To achieve real-time and high-precision rigid registration for small images, we apply deep neural networks for supervised rigid transformation prediction, which directly predicts the transformation parameters. We train deep registration models with rigidly transformed CIFAR-10 images and STL-10 images, and evaluate the generalization ability of deep registration models with transformed CIFAR-10 images, STL-10 images, and randomly generated images. Experimental results show that the deep registration models we propose can achieve comparable accuracy to the classic FFT approach for small CIFAR-10 images (32×32) and our LSTM registration model takes less than 1ms to register one pair of images. For moderate size STL-10 images (96×96), FFT significantly outperforms deep registration models in terms of accuracy but is also considerably slower. Our results suggest that deep registration models have competitive advantages over conventional approaches, at least for small images.