• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.54-61
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to investigate the spatial characteristics of residential and nursing units in large skilled nursing facilities for the elderly that were located in city areas, and to discuss the way for efficient unit care. For collecting the data, the researcher visited 6 facilities to make explorations and to interview the staff concerned. Most of the research facilities had systematic residential units that each unit basically had elderly private rooms and the spaces for small group. The number of elderly residents per unit was appropriate for the limit which was suggested by Kwon(2002), but the sizes of small group spaces were smaller than the standard limit($1.62m^{2}$ per resident). The nursing units were made up of nursing station, 2-4 residential units, spaces for large group of residents, hair dressing, nurse, living assistants, bathing, storage and etc. Some of them had problem in efficiency of space use because they did not have distinct usage. In conclusion, this study suggests that each floor has one nursing unit including 40 residents maximum and each nursing unit consists of 2-3 residential units that have 20 residents maximum per unit. In each residential unit, the furniture and spaces for efficient unit-care should be arranged, such as TV, dining table, kitchenette, bathroom, and rooms for living assistants. The hall type is better for the small group so that it has a transitional characteristic leading to the public spaces. The large group space needs to have clear usage such as conducting program differentiated from small group, and various furniture such as sofa, TV, table, and etc which encourage the elderly voluntary use.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.42 no.5
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• pp.557-566
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• 2022

This study analyzed paired middle school students' verbal and physical interactions in small group learning using augmented reality. Twelve 8th graders were paired to take classes of solubility and melting/boiling points based on augmented reality. These classes were videotaped and recorded. After the classes, all the students participated in a semi-structured interview. The results were analyzed in three sections; individual statement units of verbal interaction, interaction units of verbal interaction and physical interaction. In the individual statement units of verbal interaction, the proportion of information question/explanation was found to be high. In the interaction units of verbal interaction, the proportion of simple interaction was the highest, followed by elaborated interaction. Beneath the elaborate interaction, the proportion of cumulative interaction was found to be the highest, followed by reformative interaction. In the physical interaction, writing a worksheet and gazing at a virtual object were higher. On the basis of the results, effective ways to form a proper environment in small group learning using augmented reality are discussed.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.81-92
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to investigate the communication structures that science gifted students used in small group activities, and to examine the relationship between communication styles and their achievement level. Eight small groups,5 members in each, participated in small group activities, in which they discussed how to calculate the average density of the earth. The communication structures and the achievement level presented in the group activities were analyzed using Pajek, Ucinet 6.0. As a result, we classified the communication styles of science gifted students into monopolistic type and co-ownership type according to the degree of dispersion of the interaction. We also classified it into $D_H{\cdot}N_H$ type, $D_H{\cdot}N_L$ type, $D_L{\cdot}N_H$ type, and $D_L{\cdot}N_L$ type based on the density and network centralization of interaction. The achievement levels of gifted students in their group work were affected by the density of interaction and the network centralization in small group activities, not by the dispersion of interaction among the members of the groups. Therefore, we recommend that teachers make the communication relevant to solving problem when they utilize a small group activity in science teaching.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.32 no.7
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• pp.1109-1123
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of small group discussion on elementary students' science writing. In this study, four 6th grade students were chosen from an elementary school in Seoul. Students were involved in eight science writing classes and the contents of a small group discussion and interactions were recorded and observed. Students' science works were collected and analysed based on three domains: scientific thinking, logic and originality. The result of this study showed that the contents of a small group discussion greatly affected the scientific thinking domain. A low-achieving student received lots of help from a high-achieving student. It was easy to improve in the logic domain through the science writing classes. Average students got good grades in an originality domain when the subject was related to their real life. A small group discussion would have an effect on science writing ability positively if the students acquired proper guidance on the procedure and manner of discussion. The science writing lesson would be more effective if the learning group was organized homogeneously in the aspects of intelligence achievement and interpersonal relationships.

• KIEE International Transaction on Electrical Machinery and Energy Conversion Systems
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• v.11B no.4
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• pp.129-136
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• 2001

In order to evaluate the dielectric recovery strength for GCBs, two equations have been usually utilized. One is the empirical formula obtained from a series of tests and the other is the theoretical formula obtained from the streamer theory. In this paper, both methods were applied to predict the small capacitive current interruption capability of model circuit breakers and were investigated in terms of the reliability by comparing the simulation results with test ones.

• The Mathematical Education
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• v.44 no.3 s.110
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• pp.397-408
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• 2005

This research developed self-directed teaming program for students who learn mathematics to improve their abilities for learning mathematics. A small-group cooperative teaming model was based on the self-directed loaming program which this research developed. The main target of this program was the second grade students of middle school. The program was consisted with three developing parts. The part 1 of program developing was consisted with analyzing and reconstructing mathematics curriculum, devising small-group cooperative learning program, and structuring teaching and teaming plans. The part 2 included the management of small-group cooperative Loaming and how to use the materials which this research developed. The part 3 provided various cooperative learning opportunities for students to improve their abilities for loaming mathematics.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.91-105
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• 2020

The eight newly recognized species of the genera Delomerista, Iseropus, and Perithous are reported in this study: Delomerista kusuoi Uchida & Momoi, 1957, D. mandibularis(Gravenhorst, 1829), D. pfankuchi Brauns, 1905, Iseropus stercorator stercorator(Fabricius, 1793), Perithous albicinctus(Gravenhorst, 1829), P. septemcinctorius(Thunberg, 1822), P. speculator Haupt, 1954, and P. townesorum (Gupta, 1982). The genus Delomerista Förster, 1869 is a small group that includes 18 species worldwide that, for the first time, has been recorded from South Korea. Iseropus Förster, 1869 is a small group that includes nine species worldwide. The genus Perithous Holmgren, 1859 is also small group including 18 species worldwide. In this study, keys to species of these genera and illustrations and diagnoses of each species are provided.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.161-166
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• 2011

This paper proposes an algorithm for determining critical generator lists using accelerating power and synchronizing power coefficient (SPC), and critical generator group (CGG) from CGG candidates, which is a combination of critical generators. The accurate determination of CGG provides a more accurate energy margin while providing system operator with information of possible unstable generator group. Classical transient energy function (TEF) method selects the critical generators with big corrected kinetic energy of each generator at the moment of fault removal. However, the generator with small acceleration after fault, that is, the generator with small corrected kinetic energy, is also likely to belong to CGG if the generator has small synchronizing power. The proposed algorithm has been verified to be effective compared with the classical TEF method. We utilized the power system of Korean Electric Power Corporation(KEPCO) as a test system.

• Journal for History of Mathematics
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.255-272
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• 2009

R. L. Moore's discovery methods are known to have been very effective with certain classes of students. However when the method was attempted by others at the undergraduate level, the results sometimes were disappointing. In this article we study the history of developing modified Moore methods with small group discovery method for the purpose of undergraduate education, and then we discuss some educational point of view in our universities.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.17-26
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• 2007

Recently, the importance of the living environment for elderly people and its network is increasing. At the same time, the small-scale and multi-functional apartment house in which they can live is continuously required in Japan. For these reasons, it is appearing a new type of housing, Group-Living, where one lives together with others. It represents a way of communal living which is based on service at home. There are various problems such as felicity of each space, connections between the different areas, insufficiency of positioning on the aged welfare. Hence this research targets are grasp the present condition of Group-Living, to inquire the Space composition and types of it in Tokyo Area, and to suggest the direction of improvement of the small-scale and multi-functional apartment house for the aged.