• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.210-216
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• 2021

Background: Postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) is the most common complication of acute herpes zoster. The treatment of PHN remains a challenge for clinical pain management. Despite the effectiveness of anticonvulsants, antidepressants, and lidocaine patches in reducing PHN, many patients still face intractable pain disorders. In this randomized controlled study, we evaluated whether hydromorphone through intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (IV PCA) was effective in relieving PHN. Methods: Patients with PHN were randomly divided into two groups, one group received oral pregabalin with IV normal saline, another group received oral pregabalin with additional IV PCA hydromorphone for two weeks. Efficacy was evaluated at 1, 4, and 12 weeks after the end of the treatments. Results: Two hundred and one patients were followed up for 12 weeks. After treatment, numerical rating scale (NRS) score of patients in the hydromorphone group was significantly lower than that of the control group, and the difference of NRS scores between the two groups was statistically significant at 4 and 12 weeks after treatment. The frequency of breakthrough pain in the hydromorphone group was significantly lower than that in the control group 1 and 4 weeks after treatment. After treatment, the quality of sleep in the hydromorphone group was significantly improved compared with the control group. The most common adverse reactions in the hydromorphone group were dizziness and nausea, with no significant respiratory depression. Conclusions: IV PCA hydromorphone combined with oral pregabalin provides superior pain relief in patients with PHN, which is worthy of clinical application and promotion.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.83 no.1
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• pp.31-41
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• 2020

Background: Chronic cough is defined as a cough lasting more than 8 weeks and socio-economic burden of chronic cough is enormous. The characteristics of chronic cough in Korea are not well understood. The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases (KATRD) published guidelines on cough management in 2014. The current study evaluated the clinical characteristics of chronic cough in Korea and the efficacy of the KATRD guidelines. Methods: This was a multi-center, retrospective observational study conducted in Korea. The participants were over 18 years of age. They had coughs lasting more than 8 weeks. Subjects with current pulmonary diseases, smokers, exsmokers with more than 10 pack-years or who quit within the past 1 year, pregnant women, and users of cough-inducing medications were excluded. Evaluation and management of cough followed the KATRD cough-management guidelines. Results: Participants with chronic cough in Korea showed age in the late forties and cough duration of more than 1 year. Upper airway cough syndrome was the most common cause of cough, followed by cough-variant asthma (CVA). Gastro-esophageal reflux diseases and eosinophilic bronchitis were less frequently observed. Following the KATRD cough-management guidelines, 91.2% of the subjects improved after 4 weeks of treatment. Responders were younger, had a longer duration of cough, and an initial impression of CVA. In univariate and multivariate analyses, an initial impression of CVA was the only factor related to better treatment response. Conclusion: The causes of chronic cough in Korea differed from those reported in other countries. The current Korean guidelines proved efficient for treating Korean patients with chronic cough.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.205-215
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• 2013

Most terminally ill cancer patients experience various physical and psychological symptoms during their illness. In addition to pain, they commonly suffer from fatigue, anorexia-cachexia syndrome, nausea, vomiting and dyspnea. In this paper, I reviewed some of the common non-pain symptoms in terminally ill cancer patients, based on the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines to better understand and treat cancer patients. Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is a common symptom in terminally ill cancer patients. There are reversible causes of fatigue, which include anemia, sleep disturbance, malnutrition, pain, depression and anxiety, medical comorbidities, hyperthyroidism and hypogonadism. Energy conservation and education are recommended as central management for CRF. Corticosteroid and psychostimulants can be used as well. The anorexia and cachexia syndrome has reversible causes and should be managed. It includes stomatitis, constipation and uncontrolled severe symptoms such as pain or dyspnea, delirium, nausea/vomiting, depression and gastroparesis. To manage the syndrome, it is important to provide emotional support and inform the patient and family of the natural history of the disease. Megesteol acetate, dronabinol and corticosteroid can be helpful. Nausea and vomiting will occur by potentially reversible causes including drug consumption, uremia, infection, anxiety, constipation, gastric irritation and proximal gastrointestinal obstruction. Metoclopramide, haloperidol, olanzapine and ondansetron can be used to manage nausea and vomiting. Dyspnea is common even in terminally ill cancer patients without lung disease. Opioids are effective for symptomatic management of dyspnea. To improve the quality of life for terminally ill cancer patients, we should try to ameliorate these symptoms by paying more attention to patients and understanding of management principles.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.10 no.8
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• pp.335-340
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• 2012

This study conducted five day school week as seeking direction for programs and policies that meet the needs of weekend activities want the satisfaction of youth to find out what to investigate. For purpose, actually a lot since five day school week and weekend programs whether or not to participate, hope to weekend programs, weekend activities operating in the way were examined. Findings, for the first five day schol week of youth satisfaction than girls, boys lower was, since five day school week and weekend program participation rates were lower. Most since five day school week in activities with friends, sleep, games or Internet, hobby alone, watching TV, family and activities in order appeared. Young people can study their aptitude to live autonomously in a student-centered curriculum of education is required, arising from a rapidly changing society and human relationships, social problems, to respond to a variety of leisure time, and to participate in the program will be provided an opportunity. Lessons five day school week, increased leisure time of youth, school, and community for the desired program, you will need to plan and operate with local conditions.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.44-55
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• 2020

Objective : This study used the data of the National Statistical Office to analyze the time use of disabled youth and their self-satisfaction with it by their type of occupation. Methods : Using raw data extracted from Statistics Korea, 84 disabled youth from 10 to 24 years old were re-classified into six occupational areas based on Occupational Therapy Practice Framework (OTPF)-3. The occupational types were classified according to the time use by individuals based on data from Statistics Korea. Finally, according to the type of occupation, self-satisfaction with the use of time was identified. Results : The total amount of time spent by disabled youths was the largest in the rest and sleep categories, followed by daily living, education, leisure, social participation, and play. The analysis of occupational types showed that the groups were turned around (10.71% of participants), high activity group (50.00%), low activity (28.57%), and balanced (10.71%). There were significant differences between types in the first five of the aforementioned categories. There was no significant difference in the lack of time use, but there was a significant difference among their satisfaction with their use of time. The balanced type (21.53%) reported the most satisfaction. inadequacy Conclusion : The purpose of the project was to provide the raw data of intervention activities that can improve the quality of life and health of disabled youth. By analyzing their time use and occupations, deficiencies in time management and their satisfaction with their use of time can be noted.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.8 no.12
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• pp.167-178
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to identify the factors influencing the quality of life and to compare the changes in quality of life by each period group in workers with diabetes mellitus. A secondary data analysis was conducted using the data of "The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2007-2015." The survey included 1141 worker with diabetes mellitus from 19 to 65. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS 23.0 program and descriptive statistics, ANOVA, and multiple regression analyses were performed. Factors influencing quality of life are gender, household income level, subject health state, restrict activity, sleeping hours, stress. Subject health state, restrict activity, stress were common factors in the 4th, 5th, and 6th period group. The difference in each group were factors influencing the quality of life, such as sleep time(4th), gender(5th), Household income level and diagnosis of angina pectoris(6th). This study can be used to convergence study the diabetic management program and social role for improving the quality of life of wrkers with diabetes Mellitus.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.10
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• pp.367-376
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• 2015

This study is executed to investigate convergent factors related to depression among some college women of health affiliated educations. It surveyed 419 college women in Honam area during the period from March 9th to April 30th, 2015. The structured self-administered questionary was delivered and they were collected without respondents' personal information. The results of multiple regression analysis show the followings. The depression level of respondents turned out to be significantly higher in following groups: a group that experienced school bullying or violence, a group in which sleeping time is improper, a group in which subjective health status is bad, a group in which subjective happiness is lower, a group in which type A behavior pattern is higher, a group in which job seeking stress is higher, a group in which self esteem is lower, a group in which hopelessness is higher. Their explanatory power was 42.8%. The results indicate that the efforts to prevent bullying and violence experience, to get the proper amount of sleep, to be healthy, to increase subjective happiness and self esteem, to decrease type A behavior pattern, job seeking stress and hopelessness, are required to reduce the depression level of the college women of health affiliated educations.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.359-371
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• 1996

This study has been done for the purpose of testing the effect of health education on the performance of health promoting behavior in college students, and identifying the factors affecting health promoting behaviors. A Nonequivalent control group posttest research design was used. Two hundred thirty college students at K College in T city were studied. Of them, 114 who attended a systematic health education session for three hours a week during one semester were the experimental group. And 116 college students who were chosen of matched sampling of grade, class and sex were the control group. This study was conducted from March 1 to July 2, 1995. The instruments used for this study included a survey of general characteristics, perceived health status, self-esteem, health promoting behavior and health locus of control. Analysis of data was done by use of mean, 1-test, Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression. The results of this study are summarized as follows : 1) The average item score for the health promoting behavior was low at 2.52. In the sub-categories, the highest degree of performance was ‘harmonious relationships’, following ‘sanitary life’, ‘self-esteem’, ‘rest and sleep’, and ‘emotional support’ and the lowest degree was ‘professional health management’. 2) Hypothesis 1 that the college students who get health education will have a higher degree of health promoting behavior than the college students who do not get health education was accepted. There was a statistically significant difference between the average of the experimentalgroup, 2.60, and the average of the control group, 2.45.（t＝11.30, p＝0.0009）. 3) Hypothesis 2 that the college students who get health education will have a higher score of perceived health status than college students who do not get the health education was rejected. （t＝1.13, p＝0.289） 4) Performance of health promoting behavior was positively correlated with self-esteem and grade and negatively correlated with perceived health status. 5) The most important factor affecting performance of health promoting behavior was self-esteem. The following suggestions are made based on the above results : 1) Replication of the research is needed to confirm effects of health education. 2) More effective health education programs need to be developed through by modification of teaching methods and content analysis of health education. 3) Other factors affecting health promoting behavior should be identified. 4) Nursing colleges or departments of nursing should make an effort to develop and carry out various health education programs for the health promotion of all college students.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.120-131
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• 1995

To analyze mobility patterns, this study used three Constraint (Capability Constraint, Coupling Constraint, Authority Constraint) models which were proposed in Dr. Hagerstrand's Time-space theory. This paper shows that three constraint models have some effects upon mobility by age. In this study, Capability Constraint means a certain special constraint that is what we can't do during proceeding basic natural urges like sleep, fare, etc. Coupling constraint is a physical one. Each person limits the action range for staying on a special place in special time. For instance, students have to stay in school so that they have mobility constraints. Authority Constraint is a social one. When we use urban facilities or traffic, we may be controlled by mobility sphere by an agreement or a social position. It is social agreement that the opening hour of a store, the time table of mass-transportation and a social positional control that the personal income, the standard of education. In this study it has been in a process of determination of the cluster number that degree of influences a social constraint to mobility. Considering the mobility constraint of characteristics of space divides urban and rural, people in urban area have higher mobility rate than in rural area. Resuets of determination of the cluster, show similar mobility pattern. People in urban area are connected verity of mobility which related to urban space structures with determination of cluste-number. That is to say, mobility patterns can be changed by space charactcristics. Constraints by sex and age are also social constraints and they are influenced by mobility patterns. For instance, females at the age of twenties have similar mobility pattern to the same age male but they have sudden changes after thirty's age. Male entertains a similar pattern without restriction of age. That is to say, management by sex as a social constraint affects mobility. To establish more realistic traffie policy, mobility formation should be reflected to the space in a view of social-behavioral science. To embody this, some problems should be investigated as follows. 1. As a problem of methodology, if sufficient samples ensured, we could subdivide clusters and could open up a new method of analyzing the mobility clusters by using the neuro-network. 2. Extracting actions connected with mobility and finding life cycle which is classified by daily cluste-characteristics, suitable counterproposal could be presented to the traific policy.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.71-82
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• 2020

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to evaluate clinical utilization by measuring compliance with the use of mobile health applications (AtopyPHR developed in a previous study) for patients with atopic dermatitis. Methods : Based on the AtopyPHR and the input period and frequency survey results for each symptom item, a scenario for measuring compliance was derived. The study period was 4 weeks. Participants installed AtopyPHR app and Telegram app on their smartphones, conducted user training on the app, and recorded symptoms using the app for 4 weeks. At the 2nd and 4th week visits, the AtopyPHR data recorded by the user can be viewed on the web page and used for medical decision. Compliance was analyzed by the date the symptoms were recorded. Results : There were 28 participants, all (100%) were compliant, and the compliance was 96.8. The patients were 1 to 18 years old, and the average age was 8.2±5.7 years, 10 males and 18 females. The actual date of participation in recording symptoms was 28.6±0.56 on average. Compared to Week 1, compliance decreased at Week 2, and Week 4 had the highest compliance. Daily check, daily emotion, stool/urine/sleep, and meal management showed high compliance, SCORAD and quality of life were higher than required to record. Conclusions : AtopyPHR was effective in compliance. The results of this study could be used to collect personal health data in daily life through the AtopyPHR, improving participant compliance. It is considered to be meaningful because it measured the compliance with the symptom record actually recorded using the mobile app rather than a questionnaire. This study may be useful not only for personal health care but also for medical decisions, as opinions are given by experts who treat atopic dermatitis.