• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.437-445
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• 2017

This study was conducted to investigate the nutrition knowledge, dietary attitudes, dietary behaviors, smartphone usage-related dietary habits, and health-related lifestyles of higher grade students in elementary school according to risk level of smartphone overdependence. Subjects were 286 fifth and sixth grade students of elementary school in the Siheung and Ansan areas. Data were collected using self-administered questionnaires and analyzed using SPSS v. 20.0. Based on scores of S-scale (smartphone overdependence scale for adolescents), subjects who used smartphone were classified into an overdependence group (ODG, n=52) and a normal group (NG, n=234). The ODG showed a significantly longer usage time than NG on both weekdays and weekends (p<0.001). There were no significant differences in total scores of nutrition knowledge between the ODG and NG. Average total scores of dietary attitude and dietary behavior in the ODG were significantly lower than in the NG (p<0.001). There were higher risks of ODG for skipping meals (OR=8.3, 95% CI=4.027-17.099), changing eating speed (OR=4.4, 95% CI=2.209-8.822), and changing meal amount due to smartphone usage (OR=2.9 95% CI=1.233-6.623). Therefore, education programs are needed to ensure proper dietary behaviors and habits among smartphone overdependent elementary school students.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.75-87
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• 2011

This study was conducted to examine the effect of children's dietary quality, dietary habits, food behavior and health-related lifestyles according to the mother's lifestyles of health and sustainability (LOHAS). The subjects were 580 children. Mother's LOHAS attitude index was 66.85 points and 100 points was a perfect score. The mother's high LOHAS attitude items that children perceived were "My mother often communicates with the family"(3.99 points) and "My mother thinks that the family's health is more important than her health"(3.93 points). In contrast, the LOHAS attitude items for "My mother does community service activity on weekends"(2.78 points), and "My mother participates in environmental protection service activity for the local community"(2.78 points) were very low. The high LOHAS behavior index of mothers was "resource saving", whereas "social welfare" scored low. When self-perceived health status and monthly income of children was high, the mother's LOHAS score was high. The LOHAS attitude index of mothers had a meaningful impact on the children's dietary quality, dietary habits, food behavior and health-related lifestyles. The most frequent food behavior variables were "high skipping rate", "frequency of snacks is 2~4 times per week", "speed of eating is rapid", and 'meals' amount is sufficient. The highest daily life habits item was "I try to maintain a pleasant and enjoyable life style"(3.42 points). The highest nutrient intake attitude score was "I tend to eat rice everyday."(3.41 points). They were highly recognized with "moderate physical activity", "high exercise preference", "positive posture exercise", "exercise <2 days per week", and "over 30 minutes exercise time per day" for the exercise performance status items. It was verified that the higher mother's LOHAS lifestyle score is, the higher children's food behavior, daily life habits, nutrient intake, exercise performance state score are.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.332-343
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• 2016

Objectives: Study purpose was to investigate perception on diet, diet problems and related factors among young adult women using focus group interviews (FGI) based on the Social Cognitive Theory (SCT). Methods: Eight groups of FGI were conducted with 47 female undergraduate or graduate students. Guide for FGI included questions regarding perception on optimal diet, diet problems and cognitive, behavioral, and environmental factors of SCT. FGI were video, audio-taped, transcribed and analyzed by themes and sub-themes. Results: Subjects showed irregular eating habits (skipping breakfast, irregular meal time) and selection of unhealthy foods as the main diet problems. Regarding cognitive factors related to optimal diet, subjects mentioned positive outcome expectations (e.g., health promotion, skin health, improvement in eating habits, etc.) and negative outcome expectations (e.g., annoying, hungry, expensive, taste). Factors that promoted optimal diet were mainly received from information from mobile or internet and access to menu or recipes. Factors that prevented optimal diet included influence from friends, lack of time and cooking skills. Behavioral factors for optimal diet included behavioral capability regarding snacks, healthy eating and smart food selection. Subjects mentioned mass media (mobile, internet, TV) as the influential physical environment, and significant others (parents, friends, grandparents) as the influential social environment in optimal diet. For education topics, subjects wanted to learn about healthy meals, basic nutrition, disease and nutrition, and weight control. They wanted to learn those aspects by using mobile or internet, lectures (cooking classes), campaign and events. Conclusions: Study results might be used for planning education regarding optimal diet for young adult women. Education programs need to focus on increasing positive outcome expectations (e.g., health) and behavioral capability for healthy eating and food selection, reducing negative outcome expectations (e.g., cost, taste) and barriers, making supportive environments for optimal diet, and incorporating topics and methods found in this study.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.235-246
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• 2007

This study was performed to identify nutritional status and eating behaviors of underweight male adolescents aged 15 to 19 years. The subjects selected by using the data of KNHANS-2001 were 32 underweight boys and 135 normalweight ones. We found that weight, waist and hip circumference of the underweight group were significantly different to normal-wight group, but height and waist-hip ratio were not. Their serum indices belonged within normal ranges and showed no difference between the two groups. Their energy and nutrient intakes were mostly poor. The level and proportion of the subjects below EAR, NAR and INQ of each nutrient were not significantly different between the two groups. There were no difference of frequencies of skipping meals, snacking and eating-out between the two groups, either. When comparing frequencies of food intakes, the underweight group consumed significantly more of fermented fishes and less milk than the normal-weight group. And the former had significantly more rest/sleep, no-does and supplementation and less regular excercise than the latter. The underweight group perceived more correct self-images than the normal-weight group and they tried more to increase their body weight during weight control practice (p<0.001). It was concluded that the underweight group showed no different biochemical indices, nutrient intakes, and dietary behaviors to the normal-weight group, but they revealed significantly higher non-active activities like rest and supplementations.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.440-449
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• 2012

This study was carried out to investigate the distribution of body composition, and to analyze its relationship to dietary behaviors and life style. The study subjects were divided into 3 age groups; 30' years (n = 78) 40' years (n = 71) and 50' years (n = 44). The data was collected by physical measurement (Inbody 230) and questionnaires. The rate of disease and general characteristics were higher in the 50 year old group than in the other groups. Average amount of body water, protein, mineral and body fat were 29.0 kg (50.4%), 7.7 kg (13.4%), 2.8 kg (4.8%), 18.7 kg (31.5%), respectively. The rate of menopause was significantly different with increasing age. Menopause was 1.3%, 9.1%, 79.6% by age respectively. Body fat percent was significantly increased and body water decreased with age (p < 0.01). The fat composition was higher and the mineral content was lower in 50' year old group. Dietary behavior scores of 30' year old group was significant lower than in the other two groups (p < 0.001). The means of salty eating, skipping meals, fruit intake and food habits total point were significantly higher in the 50 year old group than in the other groups. There were significant positive correlations between age, BMI, waist hip ratio respectively (p < 0.01). There were significant negative correlations between age and body water, body mineral, skeletal muscle (p < 0.01, p < 0.05, p < 0.01). The results of this study suggested that nutritional management and education for adult women differ by age group.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.342-351
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• 2010

This study was conducted to investigate the dietary behavior of day-care center teachers and their meal attitudes during meal time in Jeonju area. Self administered questionnaires were collected from 266 day-care center teachers who worked in a national(public) or private day-care center. The Statistical data analysis was conducted using SPSS v. 12.0. All subjects were women, and 64.7% were married(p<0.001), over more than 60% were junior college graduates(p<0.05), and 73.7% had salaries greater than 1,000,000 won(p<0.001). The breakfast skipping ratio of the subjects was very high, and about 66.5% of the respondents had irregular meals. The snack intake ratios of the subjects in private day-care centers were higher than the subjects in national(public) day-care centers(p<0.001). Approximately 56% of the subjects responded that education about eating is very important for providing balanced nutrition to young children. About 84% of subjects had no experience with the continuing-education program for teachers(p<0.01), and they wanted to know more about balanced nutrition. The meal attitude education score during meal time was $4.53{\pm}0.36$. The relationship between meal attitude education and the dietary behavior of day-care teachers was significantly different based on the "frequency of overeating"(p<0.05) and "self-recognition of eating habit"(p<0.05). These findings suggest that a nutrition education program for day-care center teachers should be developed so that they can effectively manage meal attitude education for young children and provide good nutrition for themselves.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.260-268
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to compare food behaviors, nutrient intake, clinical symptoms, and hematological findings by smoking status. Among the third grade male students from a high school in Jinchun-kun, 31 smokers and 31 nonsmokers participated in this study. A self-administered questionnaire was used to investigate food behaviors and clinical symptoms. Nutrient intake data were collected by 24-hour recall method. Blood sample was drawn from each subject to determine the levels of hemoglobin, protein, triglyceride, cholesterol, etc. The major findings were as follows; First, smokers consumed every food group except fat & oil less frequently than nonsmokers, while they consumed instant food, coffee, alcoholic beverages more frequently than nonsmokers. Dietary habits of smokers such as regularity, balanced diet, skipping meals were worse than those of non-smokers. Second, intakes of energy, fat, carbohydrate, and β-carotene of smokers were lower than those of non-smokers. Third, smokers felt fatigue and other adverse symptoms more often than non-smokers. Fourth, the levels of hemoglobin, albumin and HDL-cholesterol were significantly lower in smokers than non-smokers. Fifth, Smoking history was negatively correlated with food behaviors, energy intake and clinical symptoms. These results suggest that food behaviors, nutrient intakes, hematological findings and clinical symptoms of male high school students were affected by smoking. Therefore, in order to decrease smoking rate of the students, the effect of smoking on nutritional and health status should be informed and nutrition education should be offered to the students.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.909-920
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• 2009

This study was performed to compare the dietary behaviors of university students in Incheon area by residence types. The population was divided into 4 groups by residence types: family home in Incheon, family home in another area except Incheon, boarding house and, university dormitory. The general subject, health behavior, and dietary behavior of each group were investigated using a one-week questionnaire and the results were as follows. The average height, weight, and BMI were 175.67 cm, 69.8 kg, and 22.61, respectively, for males and 161.84 cm, 51.51 kg, and 19.66, respectively, for females. The most common residence type of the students was the family home in Incheon. Smoking rate of the students living in a boarding house was higher than the other groups. The rate of exercising and consumption of supplements were lower than the other groups. Most of the students frequently skipped breakfast. Boarding and dormitory students missed breakfast more than any of the other groups. The main reason for skipping meals was lack of time. The favorite snack type was confectionery and ice cream. Most of the students had snacks between lunch and dinner or after dinner. The frequency of consuming beans, fruits and, dairy products among 13 food items for boarding and dormitory students were lower than the other groups. The results of this study suggest that nutritional education for university students is needed to improve their dietary behavior and to maintain their health.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.542-550
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• 2004

This study was aimed for examining the changes of eating habit and behavior according to the degree of stress of elementary school students. It was tried to identify their daily stress levels and their relevances with the changes of their eating habits and behaviosr. The subjects were 500 students from fifth and sixth grades in three elementary schools in Seoul. The students surveyed showed to get moderately stressed in general. The stress level of girls were higher than that of boys(p<0.001) in the individual area. The breakfast ratio of the low stressed group(LS) marked higher(p<0.001) than those of both the middle-(MS) and highly-stressed group(HS). In other words, the LS group had regular breakfast. The main reason why they were skipping breakfast was lack of time. The amount of a meal in the HS group was noticeably bigger than the other two groups(p<0.05) and the amount of salt and spices used was higher(p<0.01). The amount of food taken when they got stressed was increased remarkably higher in the HS group and students in that group had snacks as the way of relieving the stress. The HS group displayed higher ratio of the unbalanced diet habit. There were noticeable differences in the eating habit and behavior, i.e. the amount of meals, of salt used and whether eating breakfast or not, in accordance of the levels of stress.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.234-245
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• 2015

This study aimed to investigate factors related to Chinese female marriage immigrants' dietary adaptation. An in-person survey was conducted by a research institute on Chinese female marriage immigrants married to Korean men, having one child or more aged 1~6 years old, and having resided in Korea for at least 1 year before the survey. Data were collected from 309 respondents comprising 151 Han Chinese and 158 Korean-Chinese during the summer of 2013. About two-thirds of respondents were in their 30s and had resided in Korea for 5 to 10 years. Based on the overall mean score for dietary adaptation level (3.50 out of 5 points), the respondents were classified into two groups: low dietary adaptation group (mean score 3.11) and high dietary adaptation group (mean score 3.81). The results of comparative analysis between the two groups showed that the levels of acculturation (p<0.01) and healthy dietary behavior (p<0.01) for the high dietary adaptation group were significantly higher than those of low dietary adaptation group. The number of respondents of the high dietary adaptation group reporting increased food diversity (p<0.01) and decreased frequency of skipping meals (p<0.01) was significantly higher compare to the low dietary adaptation group. Multiple regression analysis was conducted to identify factors related to dietary adaptation. General characteristics, levels of acculturation, and healthy dietary behavior were included as independent variables. As a result, levels of acculturation and healthy dietary behavior as well as education level, monthly household income, and length of residence in Korea were associated with dietary adaptation. In conclusion, Chinese female marriage immigrants showing acculturated and healthy dietary behaviors adapted well to Korean dietary life. The results from this study suggest that diet-related adaptation support programs for Chinese female marriage immigrants may positively affect their acculturation and dietary behaviors.