• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.459-466
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to examine the appearance management behavior and its motives according to male consumers' age. A set of questionnaire was administered to 398 male consumers. Data were analyzed by utilizing frequency, factor analysis, ANONA, and Crosstabs. The results showed that factors of the appearance management behavior were classified into such as fashion oriented, figure management, figure improvement, skin care, cosmetic surgery, hair care, and health oriented. The male consumers age in the 20s, were more conscious of the appearance management. The male consumers aged over 40s were more aware of figure management and hair care for better health oriented. Appearance management behavior motives were classified into individuality, sociality, and interest arousal. Most of the male consumers showed higher interests in sociality among appearance management motives for better personal relations at workplace and increasing competitive edge.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.60-69
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• 2013

The worldwide prevalence and severity of allergic diseases including atopic and contact dermatitis has increased dramatically over the past decade, especially in developed countries. Mast cells are important effector cells in allergic reactions. The purpose of this study was undertaken to investigate the anti-allergic and anti-pruritic effects of Diospyros lotus leaf extract (DLE). DLE was prepared by extracting with distilled water. In the present study, we investigated the effect of DLE on the production of tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$ (TNF-${\alpha}$), interleukin-$1{\beta}$ (IL-$1{\alpha}$) and histamine in rat peritoneal mast cells (RPMCs), and on the skin lesion, leukocyte infiltration and scratching behavior in mice. Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) plus calcium ionophore A23187 significantly increased TNF-${\alpha}$ and IL-$1{\beta}$ production compared with media control. However, TNF-${\alpha}$ and IL-6 production increased by PMA plus A23187 treatment were significantly inhibited by DLE in a dose-dependent manner. DLE also inhibited the histamine release from RPMCs stimulated by compound 48/80, which promotes histamine release. Moreover, DLE administration had an inhibitory effects on the scratching behavior induced by pruritogen (compound 48/80, histamine) in ICR mice. Furthermore, DLE inhibited the skin lesions, inflammatory and mast cells in hairless mice sensitized by 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB). DLE administration reduced the IL-4 and IgE production induced by DNFB sensitization in hairless mice. These results suggest that DLE has a potential use as a herb medicine for treatment against allergy and pruritus-related disease.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.305-315
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between university students' interest in appearance management and various forms of appearance management behaviors converged with beauty trends. The questionnaire was distributed for 15 days from April 15 to 30, 2018 to the students in the G district. The data of 267 students who explained and agreed on the purpose and method of the study were analyzed using SPSS 18. University students' interest in appearance management showed a difference of interest according to university students, male and female students in body composition management, skin care, hair care, and cosmetics use management except for interest in health care. In addition, students with a high level of interest in managing cosmetics use had a positive effect on the degree of interest in managing cosmetics usage in fashion styles, cosmetics style, skin care, and body management behavior factors that were converged with trends. And negative (-) influence on the use of health equipment. Based on the study of the trend management behaviors of college students, I will expect to utilize the reference materials for new product development research of the beauty industry and will continue to study the new management mode of appearance management.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.233-241
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• 2019

This study was conducted on women in their 20s and 30s living in the Seoul metropolitan area by using questionnaires on the recognition and purchase behavior of mask packs. According to this study, although there is high interest in skin beauty, the recognition of characteristics and distinctions according to mask pack type was found to be insufficient. After using mask packs, 51.5% of those surveyed were satisfied with their efficacy and effectiveness. When using the mask pack, the Sheet type mask pack was discontented with usability, size, Close Adhesion and skin irritation, Hydrogel type is material, sleeping type is content and absorbent, cellulose type pack was found to have the same discomfort with the material as the hydro gel type. Through the results of this study, the possibility of utilization as basic data for mask pack market marketing was confirmed.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.83-91
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• 2013

Pruritus is a unpleasant symptom in the skin that provokes the act of or desire to scratch. Mast cells are important effector cells in allergic reactions such as pruritus and inflammation. The purpose of this study was undertaken to investigate the synergic anti-pruritic and anti-inflammatory effects of Scutellariae Radix (SB) plus Flos Loncerae (FL) extracts in rat peritoneal mast cells (RPMCs), pruritogen-induced scratching mice and 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB)-induced allergic mice. We investigated the effect of SB, FL and SB plus FL extracts on the production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-${\alpha}$, interleukin (IL)-$1{\beta}$, and histamine in RPMCs, on the scratching behavior in ICR mice, and skin clinical serverity and inflammatory mediators in DNFB-induced allergic hairless mice. RPMCs stimulated with PMA plus A23187 or compound 48/80 significantly increased TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-$1{\beta}$ or histamine production compared with media control. However, TNF-${\alpha}$ IL-$1{\beta}$ or histamine levels increased by PMA plus A23187 or compound 48/80 treatment were significantly inhibited by SB, FL in a dose-dependent manner. Especially, SB plus FL pretreatment had a synergic inhibitory effects on stimulator-induced cytokines (TNF-${\alpha}$ and IL-$1{\beta}$) and histamine production. Moreover, SB plus FL administration had a synergic inhibitory effects on the scratching behavior induced by pruritogen (compound 48/80, histamine, serotonin, substance P) in ICR mice. Furthermore, SB plus FL administration had a synergic inhibitory effects on skin damage, inflammatory mediators, leukocyte and mast cell infiltration induced by DNFB in hairless mice. These results suggest that SB plus FL administration has a potential use as a medicinal plant for treatment against itching and inflammation-related skin disease.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.244-248
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• 2021

Background: Sunburn is the main avoidable cause of skin cancer. Beach lifeguards spend many hours exposed to the effects of solar radiation during their work day, precisely at times of the year when levels of solar irradiation are highest. The aim of this study is to quantify the risk to beach lifeguards of sun exposure. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in the Western Costa del Sol, southern Spain, during the summer of 2018. The research subjects were recruited during a skin cancer prevention course for beach lifeguards. All participants were invited to complete a questionnaire on their habits, attitudes, and knowledge related to sun exposure. In addition, ten were specially monitored using personal dosimeters for three consecutive days, and the results were recorded in a photoprotection diary. A descriptive analysis (mean and standard deviation for the quantitative variables) was performed, and inter-group differences were evaluated using the Mann-Whitney U test. Results: Two hundred fifteen lifeguards completed the questionnaire, and 109 met the criteria for inclusion in this analysis. The mean age was 23.8 years (SD: 5.1), 78.0% were male, 71.5% were phototype III or IV (Fitzpatrick's phototype), and 77.1% had experienced at least one painful sunburn during the previous summer. The mean daily personal ultraviolet exposure per day, the minimal erythema dose, and the standard erythema dose, in J/m², were 634.7 [standard deviation (SD): 356.2], 2.5 (SD: 1.4) and 6.35 (SD: 3.6), respectively. Conclusion: Beach lifeguards receive very high doses of solar radiation during the work day and experience correspondingly high rates of sunburn. Intervention strategies to modify their sun exposure behavior and working environment are necessary to reduce the risk of skin cancer for these workers and to promote early diagnosis of the disease.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.21-36
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to classify the stress into groups and analyze their differences in self-consciousness, and appearance management behavior. Questionnaires were administered to 377 middle and high school girls living in Deagu metropolitan City. Frequency, factor analysis, reliability analysis, cluster analysis, ANOVA, Duncant-test, and t-test are all used for data analysis. Our findings show that stress developed due to several reasons: the categories are as follows into grades-related low stress, exam-related high stress, and society-related high stress. For the purposes of our study, we labeled self-consciousness as a combination of being socially and privately self-consciousness and showing signs of social anxiety. Appearance management behavior deals with esthetic plastic surgery, clothing harmony, weight management, hair management, health care, skin care, and meal management. Stress shows a significant correlation with the sub-variable self-consciousness and appearance management behavior. The groups show a significant difference in the self-consciousness, and appearance management behavior. There is also a significant difference among stress, self-consciousness and appearance management behavior by grade. The students in seemed to recognize that their appearance can be improved by dressing up and managing their outwardly appearance. Teachers should educate students to have the variety of views on the meaning of beauty. In addition, schools need to develop programs to educate student about appearances, as the student's interests differ due to the stress type of the adolescent.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.45-61
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• 1988

Clonorchiasis should be realized as an important public health problems in Korea by their wide distribution, high prevalence rate and heavy infection intensity. This study was designed to obtain the infection rate, contributing factors as well as the behavior of infected persons among the factory workers in Pohang area where that parasite still remains as a problem. Study was undertaken from September '86 to October '87. Clonorchiasis skin test was performed for 3180 factory workers, and stools of skin test positive reactors were examined. Praziquantel was prescribed to stool examination positive persons for clonorchis sinensis ova. After one year. stool examination was repeated for them who received medicine. At the same time. a structured questionnaire was given and the results were analyzed and compared with control group. The results of this study are summarized as follows; 1. The infection rate of Clonorchis sinensis. 1) Clonorchiassis skin test positive rate was $26.2\%$ (834/3180). 2) Stool(Clonorchis sinensis ova) positive rate among skin test positive reactors was $21.6\%$ (129/598) All 129 infected persons were male. 2. Contributing factors of Clonorchis sinensis infection. 1) The chance of infection was higher in low-educated peple(p<0.01) 2) Stool(Clonorchis sinensis ova)positive rate was higher among the persons who reside near the riverside now(p<0.01), or among the persons who long history of riverside residence(p<0.01) 3) The infection rate was higher in thoes who like sliced raw fresh water fishes than in those who like cooked fishes(p<0.05). 4) Correct answering rate for questions about the cause and route of Clonorchis sinensis infection was low in infected persons. 5) The infection rate was lower among those who had experience of previous clonorchiasis test(p<0.01). 6) Family members of infected persons show higher rates of infection(p <0.01). 3. Treatment effect and compliance of infected person to treatment. 1) After one year, negative stool conversion rate was $85.4\%$. 2) $70.8\%$ of infected persons took the medicine; Only $3.1\%$ of them consulted to physician to know the medication effect; As many as $29.4\%$ of them continued to consume raw fresh water fishes. As a conclusion, City of Pohang area, Hyung San River in the center, is an endemic area of clonorchiasis. Current clonorchiasis control system seemed to be ineffective; many of the skin test positive group did not submitted their stool for examination; only $70.8\%$ of infected persons took the medicine even though the drugs were given free of charge; $29.4\%$ continued to consume raw fresh water fishes after taking medicine. Therefore. proper education program should be provided to improve the compliance to treatment. Follow-up for infected cases is mandatory to prevent waste of restricted budget.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.91-99
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to examine the appearance management motives and body image perception according to males' appearance management behavior. A set of questionnaire was administered to 398 male consumers. Data were analyzed by utilizing frequency, factor analysis, ANONA, cluster analysis, and crosstabs. Factor analysis of body image perception extracted four factors such as appearance concern, appearance satisfaction, exercise ability, and weight control. Four groups of the appearance management behavior were classified into such as health oriented, active figure management, indifference to personal appearance, and fashion/skin care by cluster analysis. All groups pursued sociality in appearance management motives. The active figure management group showed highest concern about in all the appearance management motives and body image perception.

• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.157-168
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• 2015

A majority of menopausal women experience serious depressive symptom because they are disturbed by their menstruation stop and by multiple physiological symptoms. The purpose of this study is to analyze the related factors of depressive symptom of menopausal women in Korea. A multiple regression model was used to study in association with depressive symptom, controlling for socio-economic characteristics, health status and behavior characteristics, women's health, and family support characteristics. For the data, Menopausal women were 4,680 peoples were selected for this study. PASW 18.0 was used to study in association with affecting factors of depressive symptom in the menopausal women The study shows that Education level, Marital status, Income, Employment status, Activity limitations, Perceived health status, Perceived body Image recognition, Current smoking, AUDIT, Frequency of induced abortion, Frequency of eating out, Breakfast with family, Lunch with family were associated with depressive symptom of menopausal women in Korea.