• Korean Security Journal
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• no.18
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• pp.73-99
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• 2009

There are three assassination and treatening cases in this thesis introduced as analysis data. They are shooting accidents of the U.S.A's President Reagun (1981,3.30), and the President Park Jeong Hee of South Korea(1974.8.15), assassination of the Prime Minister Lavin of Israel (1995.11.4) In March 30, 1981, there was an accident where criminal, Hinckley, fired ball cartridges right before the President Reagan got into the car to move to White House after completing the announcement of Hilton Hotel of Washington. As a result, the chest of president was shot and public information secretary and safeguard were wounded. In August, 15, pm 10:23, where the 29th 8.15 independent anniversay event was being celebrated by the people at the National theater in Jangchungdong, Seoul, the criminal Moon Sekwang fired ball cartridges, he failed to assassinate the President Park Jeong Hee of Korea, but shot the First lady Yuk Young Soo. She was wounded right part of head and died. In November 4, Saturday, pm 22:00 the Prime Minster Lavin had finished the supporting event of Middle Asia's Peace project and was taking on the car when he was killed by the criminal Amir's shooting, The accidents left very important lesson from the aspect of security analysis and it has been frequently used as a material for the education and training of safeguard organization. In Korea, as well as Presidential Security Service, national security departments have selected it as an important model for the subjects such as 'Security Analysis, 'Security Practice' and 'Security Methodology'. In the performance of security duty, security skill is the most important matter. Moreover, it has a close relationship with politics, society and culture. The purpose of this study is to analyze and reevaluate the case, which has been treated as a usual model from the aspect of security analysis, beyond its introduction. Attempted assassination of President Reagan was evaluated as a positive success example because of its rapid response of adjacent guards to evacuate Reagan, who is a guard target, within 10 seconds after the shot. When comparing it to President Kennedy Assassination of 1963, it was evaluated that guards were significantly specialized. In the study, however, it was possible to found many problems such as carelessness of guard, who is in charge of external area of event place, idle attitude for frequently used event place, confusion of wireless communication, risk of wireless security disclose, insufficient provision of compulsory record file, insufficient profiling of dangerous person and unsecured hospital and first-aid room.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.142-157
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• 2015

This study examines how traditional knowledge functions in the specific techniques to make pottery in terms of the traditional knowledge on the pottery techniques of Onggi potters. It focuses on how traditional pottery manufacturing skills are categorized and what aspects are observed with regard to the techniques. The pottery manufacturing process is divided into the preparation step of raw material, the molding step of pottery, and the final plasticity step. Each step involves unique traditional knowledge. The preparation step mainly comprises the knowledge on different kinds of mud. The knowledge is about the colors and properties of mud, the information on the regional distribution of quality mud, and the techniques to optimize mud for pottery manufacturing. The molding step mainly involves the structure and shape of spinning wheels, the techniques to accumulate mud, ways to use different kinds of tools, the techniques to dry processed pottery. The plasticity step involves the knowledge on kilns and the scheme to build kilns, the skills to stack pottery inside of the kilns, the knowledge on firewood and efficient ways of wood burning, the discrimination of different kinds of fire and the techniques to stoke the kilns. These different kinds of knowledge may be roughly divided into three categories : the preparation of raw material, molding, and plasticity. They are closely connected with one another, which is because it becomes difficult to manufacture quality pottery even with only one incorrect factor. The contents of knowledge involved in the manufacturing process of pottery focused are mainly about raw material, color, shape, distribution aspect, fusion point, durability, physical property, etc, which are all about science. They are rather obtained through the experimental learning process of apprenticeship, not through the official education. It is not easy to categorize the knowledge involved. Most of the knowledge can be understood in the category of ethnoscience. In terms of the UNESCO world heritage of intangible cultural assets, the knowledge is mainly about 'the knowledge on nature and universe'. Unique knowledge and skills are, however, identified in the molding step. They can be referred to 'body techniques', which unify the physical stance of potters, tools they employ, and the conceived pottery. Potters themselves find it difficult to articulate the knowledge. In case stated, it cannot be easily understood without the experience and knowledge on the field. From the preparation of raw material to the complete products, the techniques and traditional knowledge involved in the process of manufacturing pottery are closely connected, employing numerous categories and levels. Such an aspect can be referred to as a 'techniques chain'. Here the techniques mean not only the scientific techniques but also, in addition to the skills, the knowledge of various techniques and levels including habitual, unconscious behaviors of potters.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.25-39
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to develop and evaluate a web-based instruction Program(WBI) to help nurses improving their knowledge and skill of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Using the model of web-based instruction(WBI) program designed by Rhu(1999), this study was carried out during February-April 2002 in five different steps; analysis, design, data collection and reconstruction, programming and publishing, and evaluation. The results of the study were as follows; 1) The goal of this program was focused on improving accuracy of knowledge and skills of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The program texts consists of the concepts and importances of cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR), basic life support(BLS), advanced cardiac life support(ACLS), treatment of CPR, nursing care after CPR treatment. And in the file making step, photographs, drawings and image files were collected and edited by web-editor(Namo), scanner and Adobe photoshop program. Then, the files were modified and posted on the web by file transfer protocol(FTP). Finally, the program was demonstrated and once again revised by the result, and then completed. 2) For the evaluation of the program, 36 nurses who in K university hospital located in D city, and related questionnaire were distributed to them as well. Higher scores were given by the nurses in its learning contents with $4.2{\pm}.67$, and in its structuring and interaction of the program with $4.0{\pm}.79$, and also in its satisfactory of the program with $4.2{\pm}.58$ respectively. In conclusion, if the contents of this WBI educational program upgrade further based upon analysis and applying of the results the program evaluation, it is considered as an effective tool to implement for continuing education as life-long educational system for nurse.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.519-531
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• 2004

In recent years, there has been an increased emphasis on performance assessment to evaluate students' abilities. Our nation has introduced a change in testing and assessment. Additional work on the efficacy, reliability, and comparability in order to develop the performance assessment item has been needed in the enforcement of the 7th National Science Curriculum. Also, criteria for professional and technical standards has been needed to be developed. The purpose of this study was to draw out various key concepts and to develop achievement standards, assessment standards and performance assessment items based on the 7th National Science Curriculum on the subject matter of reproduction(chapter 13) and biological accumulation(chapter 17). And also, this study examined the validity of completed performance assessment items based on classical test theory and polytomous item response theory. Twelve key concepts in chapter 13(reproduction) and four from chapter 17(biological accumulation) were abstracted. Twenty-six achievement standards in chapter 13(reproduction), and nine in chapter 17(biological accumulation) were developed. The achievement standards were determined in terms of knowledge(K), process skill(P) and attitude(A). Twenty-five assessment standards in chapter 13(reproduction) and nine in chapter 17(biological accumulation) were developed. Based on the developed achievement standards and assessment standards, twenty-two performance assessment items(seventeen open-ended questions, three essays, and two portfolios) with concrete grading criteria were developed. Eight open-ended items were applied to 240 10th graders to evaluate reliabilities of the test which consisted of four items per each chapter. The results would be suggested that the applied items were valid for performance assessment because item difficulties and item discriminations were proper. There was not much differences in item discrimination between interpretation from classical test theory and that from polytomous item response theory. However, there were some differences in item difficulties between the interpretations of two theories because the characteristics of examinees were reflected in classical test theory.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.3
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• pp.99-116
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• 1997

In response of the increasing demand for professional degree in nursing, some university in Korea offers RN-BSN program for R. N. from diploma in nursing. However, RN-BSN program in Korea is in formative period. Therefore, the purpose of this survey study is for the comparative analysis of RN-BSN curriculum in Korea and U.S.A. In this study, subjects consisted of 18 department of nursing in university and 5 RN-BSN programs in Korea and 18 department of nursing in university and 12 RN-BSN programs in U.S.A. For earn the degree of Bachelor of Science in Nursing, the student earns 134 of mean credits in U.S.A., whereas 150.3 of mean credits in Korea. The mean credit for clinical pratice is 30.1 in U.S.A., whereas 23.9 in Korea. Students are assigned to individually planned clinical experiences under the direction of a preceptor in U.S.A. In RN-BSN program, total mean credits through lecture and clinical practice for earn the degree of BSN is 35.5(lecture : 27.7, practice ; 7.8)in U.S.A., whereas,48.1 (lecture;42.1, practice;6.0) in Korea. RN-BSN program can be taken on a full-or-part time basis in U.S.A., whereas didn't in Korea. Especially, emphasis is place on the advanced nursing practicum that focus on the role of the professional nurse in providing health care to individuals, families, and groups in community setting in U.S.A. 27.7 of mean credits was earned through lecture in U.S.A., whereas 42.1 of mean credits in Korea. It means that RN-BSN program in Korea is the lesser development in teaching method and appraisal method than in U.S.A. Students of RN-BSN program in U.S.A. can earns credit through CLEP, NLN achievement test, portfolio review session etc as well as lecture. Therefore, the authors suggests some recommendations for the development of curriculum of RN-BSN program in Korea based on comparative analysis of RN-BSN curricula in U.S.A. and Korea. 1. The curriculum of RN-BSN Program in nursing was required to do some alterations. Nursing care, today, is complex and ever changing. According to change of public need, RN-BSN curriculum intensified primary care program in community setting, geriatric nursing, marketing skill, computer language. 2. The various and new methods of earning credit should be developed. That is, the students will earn credits through the transfer of previous nursing college credits, accredited examination of university, advanced placement examination, portfolio review session, case study, report, self-directed learning and so on. Flexible teaching place should ile offered. 3. Flexible teaching place should be offered. The RN-BSN curriculum should accommodate each RN student's geographical needs and school/work schedule. Therefore, the university should search a variety of teaching places and the RN students can obtain their degrees comfortably throughout the teaching place such as lecture room inside the health care agency and establishment of the branch school in each student's residence area. 4. The RN-BSN program should offer a long distance education to place-bound RN student in many parts of Korea. That is, from the main office of university, the RN-BSN courses are delivered to many areas by Internet, EdNet (satellite telecommunication) and other non-traditional methods. 5. For allowing RN student to take nursing courses, program length should be various, depending upon the student's study/work schedule. That is, the various term systems such as semester, three terms, quarter systems and the student's status like full time or part time should be considered. Therefore, the student can take advantage of the many other educational and professional opportunities, making them available during the school year.

• 대한공업교육학회지
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.143-163
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• 2014

This study developed a National Competency Standard(NCS) regarding the casino operations management based on the manual for developing National Competency Standard of 13 years and a revised classification system chart of the National Competency Standard. For the research method, this study developed a national competency standard of relevant jobs after going through review, consultation, modification, supplementation, and reporting procedures 10 times with development experts of the National Competency Standard, the industrial setting professionals, education and training experts, qualification(job analysis) experts, facilitators, and a working group of job verification committee based on the phased range and DACUM procedure of study. The major development results of this study are as follows. First, this study selected and defined duties based on the revised classification system chart of the National Competency Standard, then drew and developed total 8 ability units based on the applicable duties. Secondly, based on the developed ability units, total 27 ability unit factors were deduced and developed. Thirdly, a standard system by ability unit factor was developed based on the level of the national competency standard and revised classification system chart, then this study deduced and developed a supra-domain of the standard system by competency units using the standard tranquility value by these competency unit factors. Based on such development contents and guidelines for the national competency standard ability unit classification number, this study deduced and developed category numbers by relevant competency unit. Fourthly, total 27 relevant performance standard by competency units and knowledge, skill, and attitude were deduced and developed. Fifthly, this study deduced and developed a scope of application, work situation, evaluation guide, core competency, and development history in reference to the total 8 relevant competency units based on the duties.

• Quality Improvement in Health Care
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.82-103
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• 1997

Background : With increased concerns about variation among physician's practice pattern and their impact on the quality of care, clinical practice guidelines have been developed by many different organizations, with differing aims and incentives. From the same point of view, there is growing interest in the development of clinical practice guidelines in Korea, but with only a few examples. As a result, there is not much exploration on the incentive and barrier to develop guidelines as well as description on the development process. The purposes of this study are to describe the process of the four different clinical practice guidelines in a hospital setting, and to identify incentives and barriers in the development of guidelines. Methods : For this research, a clinical practice guideline development committee and four clinical practice guideline development teams were organized in a university hospital which has more than 1,200 bead. Twenty eight doctors, three nurses, and one technician participated as members of development teams for eight months. Four to six meetings were held, and three to seven departments in the hospital were involved. Results : The topics which developed into clinical practice guidelines were cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR), blood transfusion, anticoagulation, and angiography. The main goals set by teams were education(CPR, angiography), risk management(blood transfusion), and to enhance quality of care(anticoagulation). Among four teams, only in the team for anticoagulation guideline medical record review and pilot-testing were performed. Also literature review was not carried out systematically. However, all the guidelines were developed by multidisciplinary be used as standard protocols in the practice. Conclusion : Experience and skill in developing process has to be improved to have a more valid and useful practice guideline. In particular, literature review and problem identification by examining medical record should be emphasized. Also further studies on the clinical outcomes of the guidelines application and changes in physicians' behaviors would be required.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.173-181
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• 2014

In order to determine the effect of Korean traditional play on young children's social competence and resilience, 44 children were used in a study in the Korean traditional play program. The program was held 2 times per week for 7 weeks and was divided into control group and experimental group. The study found that there was a significant difference in children's social competence between the experimental group that executed Korean traditional play in comparison to the ordinary outside play group. There was a significant difference statistically in the sub-factors of social abilities of scrupulosity, cooperation and sociability; it found that Korean traditional play had a greater positive influence on children's social skills in contrast to ordinary outside play. Also results showed that there was a significant difference in resilience between the experimental group that executed Korean traditional play and the experimental group that executed ordinary outside play. This shows there is a positive effect in the increase in resilience from Korean traditional play on young children. However this study found that there was a significant difference in only resilience sub-factors of the ability to control emotions and there was no significant difference in the ability to control impulse, optimism, and problem solving ability, empathy skill, efficacy and active participation to challenges. In other words, Korean traditional plays had a positive effect on a sub-factor of young children's social competence and resilience, emotional control.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.11
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• pp.535-546
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• 2017

The purpose of The purpose of this study is to empirically investigate the relationships among achievement goal-orientation, sports confidence, and exercise commitment in university student-athletes. To fulfill this purpose, data were collected from 347 student-athletes enrolled in universities located in Seoul and the Gyeong-In area, and analysis thereof was carried out. Conclusion drawn from the performance of this study is as follows: First, university student-athletes' achievement goal-orientation has significant effects on their sports confidence. Second, university student-athletes' sports confidence has significant effects on their exercise commitment. Third, university student-athletes' achievement goal-orientation has significant effects on their exercise commitment. Fourth, sports confidence has indirect mediation effects on the relationship between achievement goal-orientation and exercise commitment in university student-athletes, and it was found that these factors had causal relationships. Therefore, the findings of this study show that university student-athletes' achievement goal-orientation plays an important role for their effective commitment to exercise, in the process of which sports confidence plays the role of a mediator, suggesting that psychological support as well as motor skill cultivation is necessary to enhance university student-athletes' performance.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.73-83
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to investigate kinematic variables of three types of volleyball jump blocking motions through 3D video analysis. The subjects participated in this study were 7 male university volleyball players and 7 male physical education majors. 1. Regardless of blocking types, peak vertical velocity and jump height in the skilled group were faster and higher than the unskilled group. 2. The skilled group was flexed lower than the unskilled group at E2 of the hip, knee, and ankle joint during the cross over step blocking. 3. In all types of step, the peak angular velocity of the hip, knee, and ankle joint was showed at E2. 4. The skilled group was slower than the unskilled group at E2 of the angular velocity of the hip, knee, and ankle joint during cross over step blocking. In conclusion, the cross over step blocking in which the use of the upper extremities was relatively more available was effective to improve a defence skill for the jump height.