• 대한안전경영과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한안전경영과학회 2000년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.77-86
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• 2000

This paper deals with the problem of determining the retailer's optimal price and order size under the condition of order-size-dependent delay in payments. It is assumed that the length of delay is a function of the retailer's total amount of purchase. The constant price elasticity demand function is adopted which is a decreasing function of retail price. Investigation of the properties of an optimal solution allows us to develop an algorithm whose validity is illustrated through an example problem.

• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.491-507
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• 2002

We analyze a single server bulk input queue with optional server vacations under a single vacation policy and balking phenomenon. The service times of the customers as well as the vacation times of the server have been assumed to be arbitrary (general). We further assume that not all arriving batches join the system during server's vacation periods. The supplementary variable technique is employed to obtain time-dependent probability generating functions of the queue size as well as the system size in terms of their Laplace transforms. For the steady state, we obtain probability generating functions of the queue size as well as the system size, the expected number of customers and the expected waiting time of the customers in the queue as well as the system, all in explicit and closed forms. Some special cases are discussed and some known results have been derived.

• 대한안전경영과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한안전경영과학회 2002년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.243-247
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• 2002

This paper deals with the problem of determining the buyer's economic lot sizing policy for exponentially deteriorating products under trade credit. Assuming that the supplier's credit terms are already known and the length of delay is a function of the buyer's order size, we formulate the mathematical model and the solution algorithm is developed based on the properties of an optimal solution.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.81-95
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• 2020

The main objective of this research is to investigate the impact of board size and board composition on financial performance of banks. The sample of this study consists on two countries listed bank sector Pakistan and China. The annul data is used from 2009-2018 to find the objective of this study. The Panel regression model is used to check the relationship between dependent and independent variables. Return on Asset and Return on Equity is used as performance checker dependent variables. The results of this study confirm board size coefficient value positive for ROA and negative for ROE but shows insignificant behavior for Pakistani banking sector while in Chinese banking sector the coefficient value of board size positively for ROA and ROE at 10% level. The board composition coefficient shows the negatively significant with ROA but insignificantly related to ROE for Pakistani banking sector. However, in Chinese banking sector the coefficient value of board composition is insignificant for both ROA and ROE. This study is helpful for banks, management of banks, policy makers, researcher as well as Government.

• 중소기업연구
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.25-50
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• 2019

대기업의 무분별한 사업 확장을 막고, 중소기업의 사업 활동을 보호·육성하기 위한 중소기업 적합업종 지정제도가 2011년 말부터 시행되었으나, 그간 본 제도가 중소기업의 재무성과 및 자생적 혁신 활동에 미친 효과에 대한 논의는 극히 부족하였다. 이에 따라 본 연구에서는 중소기업 적합업종 수가 가장 많은 음식료품 제조업을 대상으로 본 제도가 중소기업의 매출, 수익성, 그리고 R&D 집약도에 미친 영향을 세부업종별로 고찰하였다. 이중차분법을 활용한 분석 결과, 본 제도의 효과는 세부업종별로 매우 이질적임을 확인하였다. 본 제도의 효과가 유의한 것으로 나타난 세부업종중에서는 매출의 경우, 부정적 효과가 다소 우세한 것으로 나타난 반면, 수익성 개선이 확인된 세부업종은 2개에 불과하였다. 더불어 혁신 활동이 확대된 업종은 1개에 불과해 본 제도가 중소기업의 자구노력을 악화시킬 수 있다는 비판에 대한 설득력을 확인하였다. 본 연구는 중소기업 적합업종 제도 운영과 관련하여 찬반 대립이 가장 첨예한 업종인 음식료품 제조업에 미친 영향을 방대한 기업 자료를 활용하여 고찰함으로써 그간 제기되었던 다양한 우려와 사회·경제적 갈등을 해소하고, 세부업종별 분석에 대한 이론적 기반을 마련하였다. 또한 정부는 본 제도의 효과 및 발생 원인이 세부업종 간에 다름을 이해하고, 정책 효과를 제고하기 위한 노력을 강화해야할 것이다. 더불어 적합업종 지정 기간 동안 중소기업의 자체혁신 활동을 유도하기 위한 지원책과 모니터링 수단을 마련해야할 것이다.

• East Asian Economic Review
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.179-204
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• 2022

This study examines the extent to which policy-based loans to SME exporters affect their export performance (the intensive margin of exports). We also investigate the heterogeneous export effects of policy-based loans that may depend on firm- and industry-specific characteristics, such as credit ratings, debt-to-assets ratios, firm size and age. To do so, we conduct a survey, of 1,000 Korean SMEs, that collect information on firm-level exports and policy-based loans. The main empirical findings strongly support that SMEs that receive policy-based loans tend to increase their export volumes. However, these loans' positive impact on exports are only valid for SME exporters with credit scores of 12 or greater (that is, SMEs that have difficulty accessing the external financial market). The estimation results with respect to SMEs' dependence on external financing imply that policy-based loans for SMEs in sectors that are heavily dependent on external finance are effective in that they are instrumental in increasing these firms' exports. These empirical findings emphasize the importance of the external financial market to SME exporters who face various up-front investments that are related to their exporting activities.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.25-37
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• 2016

This study aims to investigate the determinants of dividend payout of Oil and Gas industry of Pakistan using secondary data from published annual reports from 2008 to 2014 listed on KSE (Karachi Stock Exchange). Dividend payout can be affected by profitability, firm size, financial leverage, sales growth, investment opportunities, liquidity, business risk, and ownership structure. Panel data technique used due to panel characteristics of available data with ordinary least square regression model to find out the impact of set of explanatory variables on the dividend payout using the Stata. Financial leverage, sales growth and business risks are the most significant variables of the study where financial leverage and business risk have significant negative effect on dividend payout while sales growth has favorable positive impact on dividend payout. Results revealed significant positive link of profitability and firm size with dividend payout whereas government ownership is negatively associated with dividend payout. Investment opportunities, liquidity and managerial ownership showed insignificant relationship with dividend payout. This Suggests that dividend payout policy is dependent on business strategies including both investment and financing decisions. Financial managers should consider these factors while formulating dividend policy of the firm.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.123-137
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• 1994

The objectives of this research is to find the factors which determined hospital profitability. The unit of analysis is hospital, and the data is collected from two sources. One source is derived from Ministry of Health and Social Affairs(4 years' data from 134 hospitals), and another source is derived from Sam-II Accounting Co.(1 year's data from 37 hospitals). Hospital profitability, which is dependent variable in our research, is measured with financial ration, such as ROI(reture on investment). The major findings are as follows; 1) The hospital profitability is determined with not hospital type itself but management-incentives associated with hospital type. 2) The maximum profitability is obtained in 775 bed-size. 3) The hospital location isn't a factor to determine profitability 4) The internal control and management, such as account receivables, inventory, fixed assert investment, is major factor to hospital profitability.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.79-90
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• 2014

The Purpose of this study is to empirically examine the impact of various internal and external innovation activities of SMEs on their innovation performances in the field of electronics and communication industry. Drawing upon the literature review, internal and external innovation activities are defined and conceptualized, and independent, dependent and moderator variables are developed. We have used survey-based data for this study from the survey of technology innovation activities in manufacturing industry, which was conducted by the Science and Technology Policy Institute (STEPI) in 2010. The main result of this study shows that there were no significant differences in the impact of innovation activities on market performance according to the size of SMEs. On the other hands, we found that there were significant differences in the impact of innovation activities on technological innovation performance according to the size of SMEs. Therefore, in order to make high technological innovation performance, companies in the field of electronics and communication industry need to properly implement the internal and external innovation activities by considering their size.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.271-278
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• 2016

Background: This study purposed to analyze the relationship between regional obesity rates and regional variables. Methods: Data was collected from the Korean Statistical Information Service (KOSIS) and Community Health Survey in 2012. The units of analysis were administrative districts such as city, county, and district. The dependent variable was the age-sex adjusted regional obesity rates. The independent variables were selected to represent four aspects of regions: health behaviour factor, psychological factor, socio-economic factor, and physical environment factor. Along with the traditional ordinary least square (OLS) regression analysis model, this study applied geographically weighted regression (GWR) analysis to calculate the regression coefficients for each region. Results: The OLS results showed that there were significant differences in regional obesity rates in high-risk drinking, walking, depression, and financial independence. The GWR results showed that the size of regression coefficients in independent variables was differed by regions. Conclusion: Our results can help in providing useful information for health policy makers. Regional characteristics should be considered when allocating health resources and developing health-related programs.