• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.117-120
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• 2001

This study is a preliminary research to develop design principles for environmentally friendly housing. The purposes of study are to investigate the literatures related passive design for summer and theory of ventilation, to analyze the indoor airflow patterns in traditional Korean house during summer, and to propose the design factors for effective passive cooling system. The analysis for airflow patterns was focused on the ‘An bang’and the ‘Dae Chung’in the ‘An Chae’of a traditional house located in Seoul. Field measurements of air temperature and air velocity were carried out at 30 different measuring points with 8 different window-opening conditions. The measurements were taken on the hottest summer days in August 2000. It is concluded that from an environmentally friendly standpoint design factors to control indoor thermal environment by a passive cooling system during the summer are as follows; ceiling structure has thermal performance like a time-lag effect, optimum height and length of eaves which can prevent sunlight and divert airflow toward the sitting level, building arrangement acceptable the prevailing wind, strategic window arrangement which makes cross ventilation possible (especially north-south) at the sitting level, window opening condition which is possible to intersect two cross-ventilation stream at the main living areas, northward windows remaining in shade to create the air pressure difference, and planning building shape like a bracket that has optimum width and depth.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.43-56
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• 1990

A nutrition survey of 198 children, 6 to 12 years old, in the Song Myeon Elementary School and Sam Song Elementary School, located in remote villages of Gaesan county, Chung Buk province, was undertaken between July 11 and 16, 1988, to investigate dietary and nutritional status. Mean values of height, weight, sitting height, arm circumference, girths of chest, and weight for height were 98%, 96%, 101%, 94%, 103% and 98%, respectively, of Korean standards. Compared with the standards for Korean children and values for Yun Jung Elementary School children of Youido, Seoul, anthropometric data of subjects surveyed showed slightly lower results than the standards and further lower results than those of Yun Jung Elementary School children. mean hematocrit value was 39.8±3.1%. 15.3% of subjects were proven to be anemic according to the hematocrit criterion established by the WHO. Mean urinary urea nitrogen/creatinine ratio was 7.9±3.3. Energy and nutrient intake were 61.2 to 134.4% of the RDA's; except for intake of ascorbic acid, most nutrients were below the RDA's. Carbohydrate provided 72% of total energy intake; protein accounted for 11%; fat provided 17%. Family environment, anthropometric data and results of biochemical tests were positively correlated with nutrient intake. The survey emphasizes the need for a nation wide school lunch program.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.9-17
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• 1969

For the purpose of finding out the differences between urban and rural primary school children aged from 7 to 12 in their physipue, 1146 (578 boys and 567 girls) urban children and 1378 (693 boys and 635 girls) rural children were obserbed by the author during 2 months period from September, 1968 to October, 1968. Following were the findings obtained from this study. 1. Physique In general, urban children showed superiority than rural children if their physique, There could be seen significant differences in their height, weight and chest-girth specially in the age group of 11 and 12. 2. Physique indices In the physique indices based on the height, the value of urban children showed superiority than rural children in relative weight but in relative chest-girth it was the other way around and there were no significant differences between these two groups in relative sitting height. The Kaup index showed higher value in urban children and the Vervaeck index in the rural children and there were no significant differences between these two groups in the Rohrer's index. 3. Comparing these figures with the Korean Standard Value, urban children showed superiority and rural children showed inferiority. Our children were inferior than the Japanese children in their physiques.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.1-7
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• 1978

At present, interest in the welfare of the elderly (persons over sixty-five years of age), including their dietary status, is high. Nutrition and dietary status have been investigated for both the institutionalized and non-institutionalized (independent-living) elderly in foreign country. But the dietary status of institutionalized elderly has not been investigated. Therefore, the dietary status of institutionalized elderly has been studied and compared with that of non-institutionalized elderly in the same geographic area. Three-day dietary records were obtained from fourty-five institutionalized elderly residents (twenty-five men and twenty women) and thirty two elderly living at home (sixteen men and sixteen women) in Taegu area. All nutrient intakes of the elderly women living at home and all nutrient intakes except energy intakes of the elderly men living at home were significantly higher than those of the residents of the institutionalized facilities. (p<0.005) The values of height, weight, chest circumference, and sitting height except head circumference of female elderly living in institutionalized facilities is significantly lower than those of elderly living at home. (p<0.005) In the case of men, the values of height and chest circumference of elderly living in institutionalized facilities is significantly lower than those of elderly living at home. (p<0.05)

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.42-55
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• 1992

To evaluate the effect of the feeding program of brown rice flake with soy milk or cow's milk to school children in rural areas. The survey was conducted twice before and after practice of feeding in March and July of 1990. The survey covered a total of 87 children aged from 7 to 12 in Ypsuk elementary school located in remote village of Sangju county. Kyung Buk province and the branch school of Songmyun elementary school located in remote village of Goisan county. Chung Buk province. Family environment dietary intake anthropometric data and biochemical tests were examined. The results are summerized as follows: The mean balance and food diversity at lunch were significantly lower than those at breakfast and dinner. Mean daily energy and nutrient intakes were below the Korean RDA's except for intakes of niacin vitamin A and ascorbic acid Especially intake of calcium was not reached to 50% of Korean RDA's. Most of anthropometric data of subjects surveyed showed slightly higher results in summer than those in spring except for weight for height and sitting height for height. The percentage of anemic according to hematocrit criterion was not reduced during this period. however urinary urea nitrogen/creatinine ratio was improved. The conbined feeding program of brown rice flake with soy milk or cow's milk was not sufficient to support the children's growth. So the survey recommends the support of goberment to the school lunch program in the remote village.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.16-25
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• 2015

Objectives The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between physical activity and growth indices. Methods 5963 of 12 years old adolescents were participated in the 10th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-Based Survey (KYRBWS-V) project in 2014. These data was analyzed to show the relationship between physical activity and height, BMI. Results According to the Physical Activity guidelines, the mean height was higher in the each male and female group with 'moderate physical activity for at least 60 min ${\geq}7$ days/week', 'vigorous physical activity ${\geq}3$ days/week', and 'muscle-strengthening activity ${\geq}3$ days/week' compare to the group who did not. The mean BMI was lower in the male group of 'sitting for watching TV or computer, etc on a weekday < 3 hr/day' compare to group who did not. Conclusions These results showed that physical activity in adolescence is correlated to growth. Therefore, this research can be one of the reference data to show the proper physical activity is important in the growth.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.17-26
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• 2007

This paper reviews KSG2010(Korean Industrial Standard for Student's Desk and Chair) compared to student's body size and suggests its new design guideline. It is found that the chairs are too high to sit straight up, and it is not easy to sit at student's ease because of backbone rest bar not existed in a right place. It is also found that the desks are too high to sit at desk to accept student legs under a drawer. So student's visibility range becomes decreased and it produces a harmful posture for eye protection. This paper also found that step number of student's desks and chairs needs to expand to 12 different steps inserted 5 steps between the existing 7 steps. A reason is that there is gap between the sizes of desk and chair and human height and width. Another reasons is that it is difficult to arrange desks and chairs appropriated to student body sizes in a class room.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.71-85
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• 1990

673 third-year students of boy's and girl's high schools in Taegu city and Kuni-gun and Youngyang-gun and Euisung-gun in Kyongbuk province were selected and investigated as the subject, of this study on the correlation between Lee Jae Ma's Four Types of Essential Physical Constitution and Physical Form index. The result of the study was found as follows. First, as for Height, the findings were not identical with the expression that "person of shaoyin(minor Yin) Type are short and small -- while person of Taiyin (major Yin) Type are tall and big," cited in classification of four different constitutions in a document named "Dong-Eu-Su-Se-Bo-Won". Comparison of persons of Shaoyang (minor Yang) - Type proved infitness due to the lack of data on Height in documents concerning Lee Jae Ma's four types of essential physical constitution. Second, as for Sitting Height, the correlation was prored between the findings of this study and the expression in the above document describing external physical characteristics of shaoyin-Type persons that "The upper part and' the lower part of the body are well balanced", but in point of Relative Sitting Height, none between the two. Third, as for Chest-Girth and Relative Chest-Girth plus Weight and Relative Weight, the expression that "Persons of Taiyin(major Yin) Type have the largest physique of the lour types of persons in the characteristics of external physical features, and that they also tend to have continental(widechest or large-scaled) character and strong nerve, that they are stoutly-built and fal." proved to have the correlation with the findings of this study. Fourth, in point of Chest-Girth and Relative Chest-Girth, this study found that its findings have the correlation with the phrase that "Chests are well developed upwar -- and sturdy and solid." in describing the characteristics of Shaoyang (minor Yang)-Type person' external physical features, and that with the phrase that "Chests are narrow" in the case of Shaoyin(minor Yin)-Type persons. Fifth, as for Weight and Relative Weight, the correlation was found between the findings and the expression that "shaoyin-Type persons have comparatively less flesh" as a sign of external physical characteristics of Shaoyin-Type persons. The above-cited findings proved that there exist some correlations between external physique of the Lee Jae Ma's four types of essential constitution and physical Form Indexes. Actually, however, in clinical classification, it is desirable that this approach should be consulted only after carefull consideration based on Lee Jae Ma's theory, and it seems imperative to continue the study of objectivization of Lee's theory.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.37-44
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• 2008

To design the cockpit of Korean helicopter, anthropometric data for Korean helicopter pilots as a target population is necessary. The present study measured the body sizes of Korean helicopter pilots to design the cockpit of Korean helicopter, and compared the measurements with those of Korean civilian and the US Army. The sample size was 100 which determined by a statistical analysis. Anthropometric measurements were collected for 100 samples (male = 94, female = 6; age group = 20~40) of Korean helicopter pilots by applying standard measurement protocol. To compare three anthropometric data, Korean civilian and US Army data were controlled by considering age group (20~40) and gender ratio (male: female = 9:1) of Korean helicopter pilots. The average body sizes of Korean helicopter pilots were mostly similar to those of Korean civilian, however, lower limb related variables (hip breadth, popliteal height and thigh clearance) and shoulder-to-elbow length were significantly greater (1~7%) at α=0.05. Furthermore, the average body sizes for Korean helicopter pilots regarding lower limb length and thickness were significantly smaller than those of the US Army (1~12%); however, the average body sizes for Korean helicopter pilots regarding upper body related variables (sitting height, sitting eye height, and acromial height) and hip breadth were significantly greater (0.7~1.9%). Lastly, size variability for Korean helicopter pilots was significantly smaller than those of Korean civilian and the US Army. Anthropometric data for Korean helicopter pilots of the present study was applied to design and evaluate a Korean helicopter cockpit.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.51-60
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• 1990

In order to assess the physical growth of primary school student in the rural area, body height, weight, chest circumference and sitting height of 923 students(469 males, 454 females) in the town of Angang, Kyungpook province, Korea, were measured from April to May, 1988. The most growth age of body height was 10-11 years old in both sex and the growth curves were crossed at 9-11 years old. The most rapid growth age of body weight was 10-11 years old and growth curves were crossed at 9-11 years old. The most rapid growth age of chest circumference was 10-11 years old in female, whereupon female outgrows male by contrast with male's slow and linear growth. The most rapid growth age of sitting height was 10-11 years old and the growth curves were crossed at 9-10 years old. The Rother index was 1.17-1.30 in male, 1.16-1.29 in female, and male's index was in general superior to female's.