• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.606-617
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• 1986

During the period from November 1981 through June 1986, 18 cases of coronary arterial bypass graft were performed at Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital. They consisted of 13 males and 5 females with the mean age of 49 [range: 28-69 years]. History of myocardial infarction was noted in 50% of the patients and cardiomegaly on chest PA in 2 patients with preserved LV function. On resting EKG, except the evidences of old myocardial infarction, the findings of LVH were noted in 7 cases, acute myocardial infarction in 2, diffuse myocardial ischemia in 1, and significant ventricular arrhythmia in 2 cases. The angina by type of presentation is stable in 3 patients, unstable in 15 patients with resting, postinfarction and progressive angina as the criteria of unstability. The patterns of involvement of significant disease were single vessel involvement [5 cases] double vessel involvement [8 cases], and triple vessel involvement [5 cases] including 5 cases of left main coronary arterial diseases. The pattern of coronary arterial disease in individual patient was one or more stenosis of the proximal left coronary arterial system with or without right coronary involvement, in every case. We performed 9 cases of double bypass and 9 cases of triple bypass with great saphenous vein using single anastomosis technique except in 4 cases, One of the 4 cases is our first case, sequential anastomosis between LAD and diagonal was performed due to shortage of the prepared vein graft. In the other 3 cases, our latest experience, we adopted the left internal mammary artery for the left anterior descending coronary revascularization. The distribution of sites of distal anastomosis revealed more striking predilection to LAD, showing our attention on the significance of the revascularization of LAD system. The ischemic time was 35 minutes per graft and mean number of grafts per patient was 2.5. Of the 18 patients, 13 [77.2%] had complete revascularization, and incomplete in 5 cases with the causes of incompleteness as presented. The early results of operation were as followed: surgical death in 2 [11%], perioperative infarction 2 [11%], need of inotropic support 5 [28%], arrhythmia 2 [11%], wound problem, bleeding, and emotional dysfunction. The actuarial anginal free survival during the period of 6 months through 2 years was 85.2% with excellent symptomatic control according to the angina classification of Canadian Cardiovascular Society.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.1013-1024
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• 1989

One hundred and seventy two patients of primary lung cancer, confirmed by tissue diagnosis at the Dept. of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery in Korea University Hospital between June 1973 and August 1988, were evaluated and restaged with New International TNM classification, and the actuarial survival rate was obtained using Kaplan-Meier equation. The results of analysis were as follows. 1. Male to female ratio was 3.8:1, and prevalent age groups were sixth and seventh decades [76.4 %]. 2. The most common subjective symptom was cough [55.2 %], and 67.4 % of all patients were visited to hospital less than 6 months of symptoms. 3. Positive rates for tissue diagnosis were 100% in open chest or metastatic lymph node biopsy, 80 % in mediastinoscopic biopsy, 60 % in pleural biopsy, 59 % in pleural fluid cytology, 36% in bronchoscopic biopsy, and 22 % in sputum cytology. 4. The order of frequency of cell type was squamous cell carcinoma [53.0%], adenocarcinoma [22.0 %], small cell carcinoma [14.5 %], and so on. 5. Operability and resectability were 44% and 62% respectively, but they were improved recently. 6. Open and closure was done in 44 % of operated patients, uni or bilobectomy in 38 % and pneumonectomy in 24 %. 7. Overall operative mortality rate was 2.6 %. 8. The order of frequency of stage level was S3b [42.0 %], S3a [25.1 %], S1 [15.6%], and so on. 9. Distant metastasis, i.e. stage 4, was noted in 9.5 % of cases, and the sites of frequency were bone, brain, skin, and so on. 10. Actuarial survival rate was 1 year 48.2%, 2 year 36.9%, 3 year 31.2%, and 5 year 20.8%. According to above listed factors, 5 year survival rate was highest in squamous cell carcinoma, lobectomized cases, stage 1, NO in TNM system, and resectable cases. But T factor in TNM system and radiation therapy in nonresectable cases did not show statistical significance in life expectancy.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.399-408
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• 2012

To estimate seismic source and soil-structure interaction more reliably, site amplification characteristics should be considered. Among the various estimation methods, we used Nakamura's method (1989) to estimate site amplification. This method was originally applied to background noise; however, it has recently been successfully applied to S-wave and Coda-wave energy, and is applied to S-waves in the present study. We used more than 180 observed ground motions from 23 macro-earthquakes and then analyzed site amplification characteristics at eight seismic stations. Each station showed characteristics of site amplification properties in the low-, high- and resonance-frequency ranges. Comparison of the present results with those of other studies provide successful information regarding the dynamic amplification of domestic site characteristics and site classification.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.122-127
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• 1994

One hundred fifty four cases of branchial anomaly treated from January 1987 to July 1993 were analysed to determine clinical features, embryologic and anatomic types of the branchial cleft anomaly, to investigate the differences between adults and pediatrics, and to establish the appropriate treatment plan. The male to female ratio was not signifiacntly different in pediatric and adult patients. The mean symptom duration was 0.5 years(range 0.08-14 years) in pediatric patients and 1.67 years (0.7-7 years) in adult patients. The clinical presentations of these anomalies were lateral neck mass in 112(72.7%), infected discharge in 22(14.3%), non-infected discharge in 6(3.9%), and abscess in 14 cases(9.l%). Sites of the lesions were upper third of the neck in 93(60.3%), infraauricular in 35(22.7%), middle third of the neck in 17(11.0%) and inferior third of the neck in 9 cases(5.8%). The anatomic types were cystic form in 117(75.9%), sinus in 24(15.5%), and fistula in 13 cases(8.4%). Embryologic classification were 124 second branchial cleft anomalies(80.5%), 29 first branchial cleft anomalies(18.8%), and 1 third branchial cleft anomaly(0.6%). Immediate surgery under the uncontrolled infection in 17 cases result in 82.4% recurrent rate(14 cases), and 17.6% cure rate(3 cases). Delayed surgery under the controlled infection in 8 cases recurrent rate(1 case), and 87.5% cure rate(7 cases). In summary, the most common branchial cleft anomaly is second type cyst both in pediatric and adult group, delayed surgical exterpation after infection control with I & D or antibiotics may give a good chance for care and may reduce the recurrence.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.9-20
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• 2014

Making good predictions about the outcome of one's actions would seem to be essential in the context of social interaction and decision-making. This paper proposes a computational model for learning articulated motion patterns for action recognition, which mimics biological-inspired visual perception processing of human brain. Developed model of cortical architecture for the unsupervised learning of motion sequence, builds upon neurophysiological knowledge about the cortical sites such as IT, MT, STS and specific neuronal representation which contribute to articulated motion perception. Experiments show how the model automatically selects significant motion patterns as well as meaningful static snapshot categories from continuous video input. Such key poses correspond to articulated postures which are utilized in probing the trained network to impose implied motion perception from static views. We also present how sequence selective representations are learned in STS by fusing snapshot and motion input and how learned feedback connections enable making predictions about future input sequence. Network simulations demonstrate the computational capacity of the proposed model for motion recognition.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.165-170
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• 1998

Diagnostic radiology and conservative management for S75 patient with L1 lumbar fracture by traffic accidents were discussed with references, and then the obtained results were as follows ; 1. Wedging compression fractures with 10% deformity was confirmed at anterior vertebral body of L1 lumbar spine through lateral plain X-ray film. 2. Irregular bony fractures were observed at anterior vertebral body of L1 lumbar spine by CT scans, anatomically T12-L1 sites showed highly frequency of injuries, Denis's fracture type was classified as multiple compression fracture at anterior column without abnormal middle and posterior column, also no Cobb's angle, and then Frankel's neurological classification was E grade. 3. Orthopaedic treatments were performed with conservative methods. With rest on the bed, anti-in-flammatory medication, electrolyte and nutritional solution, the pain diminished. 4. After 3 weeks, rehabilitation was worked with putting on polyethylene back corset, although pains remained slightly until after 8 weeks, thereafter the spine showed gradually stability.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.53 no.spc1
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• pp.743-753
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• 2020

In this study, research trends in the water resources in Korea were analyzed to present regional customization and optimal operation management of groundwater resources. Detailed classification fields were determined in the water and groundwater resources. Through the analysis of examples and trends of research related to water resources and underground water resources, three improvements were presented: securing sites for long-term observable research area, evaluating water resources based on spatial units, and not reflecting the characteristics of watersheds in acts and ordinances. The research results of this study are expected to be the basis for policy judgment in determining the groundwater management policy after the group of groundwater management policy makers at the research site can identify the requirements.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.9-18
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• 2005

We analyzed community forming patterns and forest vegetation of goldenrain tree communities in Anmyeondo, Daegu Naegokdong, Pohang Youkangri, Yanghakri, Balsanri, Daedongbaeri, Mophori and Seochonri. The vegetation data for analysis collected from 68 quadrats of 8 sites Using the Braun-Blanquet method, from April 2002 to September 2003. A total of 201 species were found and the area was covered with $30\~100\%$ of tree layer, $0\~90\%$ of shrub layer and $20\~100\%$ of herb layer. Oplismenus undulatifolius, Pueraria thunbergiana, Quercus dentata, Clematis apiifolia, Ligustrum obtusifolium, Rosa multiflora, Artemisia princeps var. orientalis, Humulus japonicus and Robinia pseudo -acacia were the species in high frequency. To analyze the community classification and ordination, we used the technique of TWINSPAN and DECORANA. The surveyed areas with 68 quadrats were divided into 3 groups by TWINSPAN and divided into 3 communities with axis 1 date volume by DECORANA.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.255-263
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• 2011

Introduction: Maxillomandibular fixation (MMF) is essential before surgery under general anesthesia in maxillofacial trauma patients. MMF is used basically to reconstruct the occlusion and occlusal stability to recover the facial shape and oral functions. The arch bar and wire is a traditional method for MMF, but it can not only bring pressure to the periodontal ligaments and teeth but also cause a penetrating injury to the surgeons. Materials and Methods: In this study, 198 patients with an open reduction using a manual reduction without MMF from September 2005 to May 2010 in Dankook University Dental Hospital were subjected to a follow-up evaluation during the postoperative 4 months periods. This study evaluated the incidence of complications according to the condition of the patient (gender, age), the state of bony union of the fracture sites and a numeric rating scale evaluation for postoperative pain scoring. Results: 1. The complications were classified into major and minor according to the seriousness, and the major complication rate was as low as 2.02%. Only 2 cases of re-operations (1.01%) were encountered. In the classification according to the fracture line, plate fracture was observed in both cases of mandibular symphysis fracture, and angle fractures and loosening of two screws were noted in the case of mandibular angle fracture. 2. The complication rate was similar regardless of gender and age. 3. The degree of bony union was satisfactory, and the complication rate was reduced as the bony union improved. 4. More patients complained of pain as the operation time was increased. Conclusion: The use of MMF is not always necessary if a skilled assistant is provided to help manually reduce the fracture site. Compared to other studies of mandibular fracture surgery using MMF, the complication rate was similar using only manual reduction and the patients' discomfort was reduced without MMF.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.295-302
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• 2007

Phase change material-related patents filed at Korea Institute of Patent Information(KIPI) and United States Patent and Trademark Office(USPTO) were analyzed for understanding the PCM's technological level of Korea and providing the information for establishing the research development policy concerned with high technology fibers. Patent data from 1980 to 2005 collected from KIPI and USPTO internet sites were examined using the number of patents and share of assignees in patents. The contents of patent were classified according to IPC(International Patent Classification) and assignees were divided into individual and firm/public body. The results of comparing total number of patents in USA with that in Korea showed USA had as 2.3 times as Korea had. The number of patents of USA had increased steadily since 1980 whereas that of Korea sharply since 2001. The number of patents of Korea from 2001 to 2005 was more than that of USA. USA was specialized in fundamental technology and Korea was specialized in application area with PCM. Assignees who had the most patents were firms and the next were individuals. Assignees who applied for several patents were more in USA than in Korea and patent application numbers per the assignees were higher for USA.