• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.79-85
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• 2002

본 연구는 과배란처리에 의한 수정란이식 시 우수한 수정란을 다량 확보하고 이식 후 수태율 향상을 위하여 공란우 및 수란우에 bST처리가 수정란회수를 및 수태율에 어떠한 영향을 미치는가를 조사하고자 실시하였다. 공란우는 Folltropin-V와 PGF$_2$$\alpha$를 이용하여 과배란처리를 유도하여 12시간 간격으로 2 straw치 3회 인공수정을 실시하였다. 공란우와 수란우는 대조구와 bST처리구로 구분하였으며, bST(500 mg)처리는 발정발현 후 미근부에 근육주사하였다. 과배란처리된 공란우의 수정란배란을 수정 후 7~8일째에 비와과적인 방법으로 실시 하였다. 이식가능 수정란의 회수율과 평균숫자는 대조구와 bST처리구 간에 유의적인 차이가 없었다 (72.8%/5.9$\pm$4.5 vs. 83.7%/5.1 $\pm$1.6; P<0.05). 비여름철에 이식가능 수정란의 회수율과 평균숫자가 여름철보다 유의적으로 높았다(81.8%15.4$\pm$2.1 vs. 68.7%14.7$\pm$4.6; P<0.05). 수정란이식 후 수태율은 bST처리구에서 대조구보다 유의적으로 높았다 (64.0 vs. 47.1%; P<0.05). 그러나 이식 후 수태율에 계절간에 유의적인 차이는 없었다(51.6 vs.61.5%; P>0.05). 본 연구결과에서 bST처리는 수정란이식 후 수태율의 향상시킬 수 있을 것으로 판단되며, 비여름철이 과배란처리 및 수정란이식에 유리할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국수정란이식학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수정란이식학회 1997년도 추계학술대회 및 워크숍
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• pp.47-47
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• 1997

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.195-202
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• 1997

The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of superovulation treatments on ovarian responses, oocyte recovery rates and grades of collected oocytes using an ultrasound-guided transvaginal approach in Korean native cows. Superovulation in cows was induced with two different regimenes: 1) FSH-decreasing dose(n=8): the cows were received twice per day for three days of the total dose of 400 mg of FSH-p, 2) FSH-single dose(n=9): the cows were administrated a single dose of 400 mg of FSH-p in 25% PVP. The Observation of visible follicles and collection of oocytes were performed 12 hours following the last FSH in FSH-decreasing dose group and 48 hours after the FSH-single dose injection. All visible follicles larger than 6 mm were punctured and aspirated with a 6.5 MHz convex-array ultrasound transducer designed for intravaginal use. The mean number of visible follicles(> 6 mm) was significantly(P<0.05) higher in the FSH-decreasing dose treatment (22.811.9) and FSH-single dose treatment (20.612.0) groups than the non-treatment group(7.0$\pm$8). The mean recovery rate of oocytes was not significantly(P<0.05) different between the treatment and control groups, but the mean number of collected oocytes was significantly(P<0.05) higher in the FSH-decreasing dose treatment( 12.611.5) and FSH-single dose treatment (11.813.6) groups than the non-treatment group(3.7$\pm$0.5). In conclusion, the FSH-single dose treatment at superovulation in cows for ultrasound-guided aspiration might increase the number of aspiratable follicles and the recovery rate of follicular oocytes as the FSH-decreasing dose treatment.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.277-284
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• 2023

Objective: In this retrospective study, we analyzed factors influencing the ongoing pregnancy rate (PR) in women with repeated implantation failure (RIF) undergoing embryo transfer with endometrial receptivity array (ERA). Methods: Eighty-three consecutive personalized embryo transfers (pETs) with ERA, from 54 women with RIF, were selected from June 2020 to April 2022. Vitrified blastocyst transfer was timed based on ERA results. Results: The ongoing PR per pET was 33.7%. Using ERA, the endometrium was identified as pre-receptive in 26 cycles, early receptive in 25 cycles, receptive in 31 cycles, and late receptive in one cycle. With cycles categorized into three receptivity phases (pre-receptive, early receptive, or receptive), no significant differences were found in the clinical PR (27.3%, 55.6%, and 40%, respectively) or ongoing PR (9.1%, 55.6%, and 40%, respectively) after a single blastocyst transfer. Similarly, no significant differences were observed in the clinical PR or ongoing PR after the transfer of two or more blastocysts. Among women with ongoing pregnancy relative to those without, age at first pET was significantly lower (35 years vs. 39 years, p=0.001), while blastocyst score (23 vs. 18, p=0.012) and the proportion of blastocyst scores >18 (71.4% vs. 38.9%, p=0.005) were significantly higher. In multiple logistic regression analysis, the woman's age (odds ratio [OR], 0.814; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.706 to 0.940; p=0.005) and blastocyst score >18 (OR, 3.052; 95% CI, 1.075 to 8.665; p=0.036) were identified as significant factors influencing ongoing pregnancy. Conclusion: In pET with ERA, ongoing pregnancy was closely associated with woman's age and blastocyst quality.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.164-168
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• 2016

Objective: Assisted reproductive technology has been associated with an increase in multiple pregnancies. The most effective strategy for reducing multiple pregnancies is single embryo transfer. Beginning in October 2015, the National Supporting Program for Infertility in South Korea has limited the number of embryos that can be transferred per in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycle depending on the patient's age. However, little is known regarding the effect of age and number of transferred embryos on the clinical outcomes of Korean patients. Thus, this study was performed to evaluate the effect of the number of transferred blastocysts on clinical outcomes. Methods: This study was carried out in the Fertility Center of CHA Gangnam Medical Center from January 2013 to December 2014. The clinical outcomes of 514 women who underwent the transfer of one or two blastocysts on day 5 after IVF and of 721 women who underwent the transfer of one or two vitrified-warmed blastocysts were analyzed retrospectively. Results: For both fresh and vitrified-warmed cycles, the clinical pregnancy rate and live birth or ongoing pregnancy rate were not significantly different between patients who underwent elective single blastocyst transfer (eSBT) and patients who underwent double blastocyst transfer (DBT), regardless of age. However, the multiple pregnancy rate was significantly lower in the eSBT group than in the DBT group. Conclusion: The clinical outcomes of eSBT and DBT were equivalent, but eSBT had a lower risk of multiple pregnancy and is, therefore, the best option.

• 한국동물생명공학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.323-328
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• 2020

Direct injection of genome editing tools such as CRISPR/Cas9 system into developing embryos has been widely used to generate genetically engineered pigs. The approach allows us to produce pigs carrying targeted modifications at high efficiency without having to apply somatic cell nuclear transfer. However, the targeted modifications during embryogenesis often result in mosaicism, which causes issues in phenotyping founder animals and establishing a group of pigs carrying intended modifications. This study was aimed to establish a genomic PCR and sequencing system of a single blastomere in the four-cell embryos to detect potential mosaicism. We performed genomic PCR in four individual blastomeres from four-cell embryos. We successfully amplified target genomic region from single blastomeres of 4-cell stage embryo by PCR. Sanger sequencing of the PCR amplicons obtained from the blastomeres suggested that PCR-based genotyping of single blastomere was a feasible method to determine mutation type generated by genome editing technology such as CRISPR/Cas9 in early stage embryos. In conclusion, we successfully genotyped single blastomeres in a single 4-cell stage embryo to detect potential mosaicism in porcine embryos. Our approach offers a simple platform that can be used to screen the prevalence of mosaicism from designed CRISPR/Cas9 systems.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.13-24
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• 1991

The objective of this experiment was to study some possibilities to simplify freezing, thawing and transfer procedure of one-step straw method comparing with the conventional methods using bovine embryos. The previous work are also designed to investigate the thawing effect by development stage and its quality using the embryos. Results obtained were summarized as follows: 1. A total of 87 embryos from 14 donor cows were frozen-thawed and an average of frozen embryo/donor was 6.2. 2. The survival rates of morula stage(65.4%) were higher than those of blastocyst stage(57.l%) and vice versa in rate of morphological recovery (80% vs 95.4%). However. no significant difference was denoted between them. 3. In difference between the groups of good quality and poor quality. good quality was resulted in a significantly higher embryo survival rate(75%) and recovery rates(95%) than poor quality(P<0.0l). 4. In effects of non-permeable sugar dilution in added to l.0M glycerol. higher survival rates were orderd in sucrose. lactose, raffinose and xylose. But lactose-raffinose, sucrose-trehalose and xylose in added to 2.OM glycerol. 5. The highest survival rates were obtained by direct plunge into the liquid nitrogen with 3.OM concentration both of glycerol and trehalose. 6. The survival rates in vitro condition of one-step and direct plunge methods(75%-87.5%) were significantly higher than those of multiple steps (21.4-52.6%) in in vitro (P<0.0l). However, the results of single-step were critical in comparing to other steps of final pregnant conformation.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.133-138
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• 2016

Objective: To determine the incidence of embryo retention (ER) in the transfer catheter following embryo transfer (ET) in blastocyst transfer and investigate whether retransferring retained embryos has an impact on reproductive outcomes in patients undergoing in vitro fertilization-ET. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the records of 1,131 blastocyst transfers, which comprised 223 single blastocyst transfer (SBT) and 908 double blastocyst transfer (DBT) cycles. Each SBT and DBT group was classified depending on whether ET was performed without retained embryos in the catheter during the first attempt (without-ER group) or whether any retained embryos were found following ET (ER group) for the purpose of comparing reproductive outcomes in a homogenous population. Results: The overall incidence of finding retained embryos was 2.8% (32/1,131). There were no retained embryos in SBT cycles. In DBT cycles, implantation rates (30.0% vs. 26.6%), positive ${\beta}-hCG$ rates (57.2% vs. 56.2%), clinical pregnancy rates (45.3% vs. 46.9%), and live birth rates (38.9% vs. 43.8%) were not significantly different between the without-ER and ER groups. There were no significant differences in the mean birth weight (g) $2,928.4{\pm}631.8$ vs. $2,948.7{\pm}497.8$ and the mean gestational age at birth ($269.3{\pm}17.2days$ vs. $264.2{\pm}25.7days$). A total of nine cases of congenital birth defects were found in this study population. Eight were observed in the without-ER group and one in the ER group. Conclusion: Our results suggest that retransfer of retained embryos does not have any adverse impact on reproductive outcomes in blastocyst transfer cycles. Furthermore, our results support finding that SBT might be advantageous for decreasing the incidence of retained embryos in catheters.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.106-111
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• 2016

Objective: To study the clinical outcomes of single frozen-thawed blastocyst transfer cycles according to the hatching status of frozen-thawed blastocysts. Methods: Frozen-thawed blastocysts were divided into three groups according to their hatching status as follows: less-than-expanded blastocyst (${\leq}EdB$), hatching blastocyst (HgB), and hatched blastocyst (HdB). The female age and infertility factors of each group were evaluated. The quality of the single frozen-thawed blastocyst was also graded as grade A, tightly packed inner cell mass (ICM) and many cells organized in the trophectoderm epithelium (TE); grade B, several and loose ICM and TE; and grade C, very few ICM and a few cells in the TE. The clinical pregnancy and implantation rate were compared between each group. The data were analyzed by either t-test or chi-square analysis. Results: There were no statistically significant differences in average female ages, infertility factors, or the distribution of blastocyst grades A, B, and C in each group. There was no significant difference in the clinical pregnancy and implantation rate of each group according to their blastocyst grade. However, there was a significant difference in the clinical pregnancy and implantation rate between each group. In the HdB group, the clinical pregnancy and implantation rate were similar regardless of the blastocyst quality. Conclusion: There was an effect on the clinical outcomes depending on whether the blastocyst hatched during single frozen-thawed blastocyst transfer. When performing single frozen-thawed blastocyst transfer, the hatching status of the frozen-thawed blastocyst may be a more important parameter for clinical outcomes than the quality of the frozen-thawed blastocyst.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.121-129
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• 1999

The objective of this study was to produce calves by transfer of embryos derived from slaughter house(SHD) and ultrasound-guided ovum pick-up (OPU). At 60 hrs after injection of 400 mg FSH dissolved in 25% polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP) by single dose, ultrasound-guided follicular oocyte aspiration was ferformed. Day-7 and day-8 blastocysts produced by in vitro maturation (IVM), fertilization (IVF) and culture(IVC) of the oocytes derived from SHD and OPU were nonsurgically transferred into recipients. The results obtained were as follows. The cleavage rate and the development rate to blastocysts were not significantly (P<0.05) different between the oocytes obtained by SHD (72.9% vs. 34.1%) and OPU (75.9% vs. 38.4%). The oocyte recovery rate from the number of follicles by ultrasound-guided aspiration were not significantly (P<0.05) different between Holstein (61.7%) and Hanwoo (60.1%), but the rate of oocytes useful for IVF was significantly (P<0.05) higher in Hanwoo (69.3%) than Holstein (59.6%). The cleavage rate and the development rate to blastocysts was not significantly (P<0.05) different between Holstein (74.9% vs. 39.2%) and recipients on day 8 of estrus cycle resulted in 13 pregnancies (34.2%). One of them was sacrificed during gestation period due to mastitis and another was aborted spontaneous. The resulting 14 calves were morphologically normal at birth. Seventy eight fresh OPU-IVF embryos were transferred into 21 recipients on day 8 of estrus cycles, resulting in pregnancy of 12 recipients (41.4%). Two of them were sacrificed during gestation period due to mastitis and the other two were aborted. Nevertheless, the 11 OPU-calves have been born normally.