• 영어어문교육
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• 제9권spc호
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• pp.61-78
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• 2003

The purpose of this article is to examine the role of similarity in the metaphor and simile preference and offer empirical evidence against the equivalence view of simile and metaphor. This evidence was obtained from two experiments to examine the correlation between the similarity ratings and the preference ratings. The results suggest that Korean people choose the metaphor form when the similarity of a target and a source increases, whereas they choose the simile form when the similarity of a target and a source decreases. The results from these experiments are consistent with Chiappe and Kennedy's (1999, 2001) findings. Moreover, the experiments found that Korean people were more likely to express particular comparisons as similes over metaphors than American people.

• 지식경영연구
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.149-169
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• 2015

In this study, we try to understand the role of online social recommendation and the similarity of preferences between the recommender and the recommendee on consumer decisions in the framework of the two stage purchase decision-making process. Applying construal level theory to our context, we expect that the role of social recommendation and the similarity of preferences would vary over the stages in the two-stage decision making process. To test our hypotheses, we collected the data through an incentive compatible experiment, and analyzed the data with nested logit model. As a result, we found that the role of online social recommendation varies over the stages. Consumers take recommendation from similar others at the stage of consideration set formation, but no longer consider it at the stage of final choice. Consumers take recommendation from dissimilar others at the stage of consideration set formation. At the stage of final choice, however, consumers avoid choosing the option recommended by dissimilar others. The results of our study enrich the understanding about the role of social recommendation, and have implication to marketing practitioners who attempt to make online social recommendation system more efficient.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.357-371
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• 1996

This study explores the perspective of mothers who have children at teens concerning grandparents' role and grandchildren's role, especially focusing on the similarity and difference according to lineage. The analysis indicates as below. 1. Mothers highly expect the roles of grandparents which are related to the developing of self-identity of grandchildren at teens. There is much similarity between mothers; view on paternal grandparents' role and maternal grandparents' role. However the results support that paternal grandparents' role is more central than maternal grandparents in influencing to the development of self identity of grandchildren. 2. Grandchildren's role toward paternal grandparents is expected much more positively than grandchildrens' role toward maternal grandparents. 3. Mother's perspective on grandparents' role and grandchildren's role is associated with mother's view on the importance of grandparents in the lives of grandchildren.

• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.205-208
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• 2007

Measuring the similarity between fuzzy sets plays a vital role in several fields. However, none of all well-known similarity measure methods is all-powerful, and all have the localization of its usage. This paper defines some operations on the similarity measures of fuzzy sets such as summation and multiplication of two similarity measures. Also, these operations will be generalized to any number of similarity measures. These operations will be very useful especially in the field of computer vision, and data retrieval because these fields need to combine and find some relations between similarity measures.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.1449-1461
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• 2019

Face sketch synthesis plays an important role in public security and digital entertainment. In this paper, we present a novel face sketch synthesis method via local similarity and nonlocal similarity regularization terms. The local similarity can overcome the technological bottlenecks of the patch representation scheme in traditional learning-based methods. It improves the quality of synthesized sketches by penalizing the dissimilar training patches (thus have very small weights or are discarded). In addition, taking the redundancy of image patches into account, a global nonlocal similarity regularization is employed to restrain the generation of the noise and maintain primitive facial features during the synthesized process. More robust synthesized results can be obtained. Extensive experiments on the public databases validate the generality, effectiveness, and robustness of the proposed algorithm.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제7권5호
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• pp.1-18
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• 1999

This study concerns the role of costume in Shakespeare\`s history plays from the viewpoint of the role theory. The term “role” has been used to represent the behavior expected of the occupant of a given position or status. A specific role can not be successfully performed without the aid of the costumes. Costumes are adopted in relation with a specific role. The term ‘role’ had been borrowed from the drama. The similarity between the role on the stage and the role of the social man had been recognized. The similarity between the role on the stage and the role of the social man had been recognized. The typical examples in which the costume help to make access to a specific role and can be effectively exploited for the performance of the role are manifested in the history plays of Shakespeare. Thus, our goal in this study is to analyze the role of costume which appears in Shakespeare\`s history plays from the viewpoint of the role theory. The role of social status and position reflects sex, age, occupation, class, economic position of the characters. In his works, the crown and the mace represented not only the throne but also a previllege and supreme position. The situation role of costume could be widely used for visualizing the psychological situation and external environments of the characters on the stage. The disguise role hided one\`s status, thereby makes possible acting other\`s position. The costume also could symbolize the social status, position, rank, occupation, and the situation, and functioned as a media fo delivering messages to others. The costume performed the role of the physical and psychic protection, and provided its wearer with consolation and peaceful mind. The costume reflected the custom of a society through its wearing configuration. The costume (or a uniform) adopted by a group notified the characteristics and the expectation of action of the group to others. The results obtained from this study can provide useful cues for understanding the role action in the social structure. This kind of understanding reveals the costume phenomena in real life, allows one to perform roles properly and efficiently, and opens our insight on the overall aspects of the costume culture.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제7권5호
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• pp.1252-1271
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• 2013

Automatic image annotation has become an increasingly important research topic owing to its key role in image retrieval. Simultaneously, it is highly challenging when facing to large-scale dataset with large variance. Practical approaches generally rely on similarity measures defined over images and multi-label prediction methods. More specifically, those approaches usually 1) leverage similarity measures predefined or learned by optimizing for ranking or annotation, which might be not adaptive enough to datasets; and 2) predict labels separately without taking the correlation of labels into account. In this paper, we propose a method for image annotation through collaborative similarity metric learning from dataset and modeling the label correlation of the dataset. The similarity metric is learned by simultaneously optimizing the 1) image ranking using structural SVM (SSVM), and 2) image annotation using correlated label propagation, with respect to the similarity metric. The learned similarity metric, fully exploiting the available information of datasets, would improve the two collaborative components, ranking and annotation, and sequentially the retrieval system itself. We evaluated the proposed method on Corel5k, Corel30k and EspGame databases. The results for annotation and retrieval show the competitive performance of the proposed method.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제21권7호
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• pp.671-677
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• 2021

본 연구의 목적은 리더-종사원 이론이 시기심과 직장 내 일탈 행위에 미치는 영향을 탐구/조사하고, 이때 인식된 유사함은 조절변수로 사용되었다. 특히, 리더-종사원 이론은 부정적인 측면에 초점을 맞추고 연구를 진행하였는데, 리더-종사원 이론과 시기심과의 관계, 그리고 시기심이 리더-종사원 이론과 직장 내 일탈 행위 사이의 매개 변수로 어떤 역할을 하고 있는지 등에 관해 연구하였다. 더 나아가, 종사원들의 인식된 유사함이 조절변수로서 시기심과 직장 내 일탈 행위에 미치는 영향 또한 분석하였다. 직장 내 일탈 행위가 조직에 매우 부정적인 영향을 끼치는 것을 고려하면, 본 연구는 왜 이 행위를 하는지에 대한 연구를 수행함으로써 의미가 있다고 볼 수 있다. 총 238명의 서비스 종사원이 본 연구에 참여하였고, 연구의 결과는 모두 연구 가설을 모두 채택하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 리더십의 실무적인 측면과 이론적인 측면에 모두 이바지할 것이고, 특히 매니저들이 그들의 종사원을 어떻게 대해야 하는지에 대해 중요한 의미를 부여할 것이다.

• 디지털산업정보학회논문지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.11-20
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• 2010

Ontology is important role in semantic web to construct and query semantic data. Because of dynamic characteristic of ontology, P2P environment is considered for ontology processing in web environment. For efficient processing of ontology in P2P environment, clustering of peers should be considered. When new peer is added to the network, cluster allocation problem of the new peer is important for system efficiency. For clustering of peers with similar chateristics, similarlity measure method of ontology in added peer with ontologies in other clusters is needed. In this paper, we propose similarity measure techniques of ontologies for clustering of peers. Similarity measure method in this paper considered ontology's strucural characteristics like schema, class, property. Results of experiments show that ontologies of similar topics, class, property can be allocated to the same cluster.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.538-561
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• 2020

Recommender Systems (RecSys) have a major role in e-commerce for recommending products, which they may like for every user and thus improve their business aspects. Although many types of RecSyss are there in the research field, the state of the art RecSys has focused on finding the user similarity based on sequence (e.g. purchase history, movie-watching history) analyzing and prediction techniques like Recurrent Neural Network in Deep learning. That is RecSys has considered as a sequence prediction problem. However, evaluation of similarities among the customers is challenging while considering temporal aspects, context and multi-component ratings of the item-records in the customer sequences. For addressing this issue, we are proposing a Deep Learning based model which learns customer similarity directly from the sequence to sequence similarity as well as item to item similarity by considering all features of the item, contexts, and rating components using Dynamic Temporal Warping(DTW) distance measure for dynamic temporal matching and 2D-GRU (Two Dimensional-Gated Recurrent Unit) architecture. This will overcome the limitation of non-linearity in the time dimension while measuring the similarity, and the find patterns more accurately and speedily from temporal and spatial contexts. Experiment on the real world movie data set LDOS-CoMoDa demonstrates the efficacy and promising utility of the proposed personalized RecSys architecture.