• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.193-198
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• 2004

Seasonal effects of the newly evolved bivoltine hybrid namely CSR$_2$${\times}$SR$_{5}$, SR$_1$ ${\times}$SR$_4$ and control hybrid KA${\times}$NB$_4$D$_2$ along with their parents SR$_1$, SR$_4$, SR$_{5}$, CSR$_2$ KA and NB$_4$D$_2$ were evaluated during different seasons of the year to understand genotype and environment interactions. Data were collected on five economic importance namely, pupation rate, cocoon yield, cocoon weight, cocoon shell ratio and filament length of the lines, hybrids and the control breeds/hybrid in three different seasons i.e., Pre-Monsoon, Monsoon and post-monsoon and subjected to relevant statistical methods. Seasonal performance of CSR$_2$, SR$_1$, SR$_4$ and SR$_{5}$ revealed superiority over control breeds KA and NB$_4$D$_2$. Both the hybrids i.e., CSR$_2$${\times}$SR$_{5}$ and SR$_1$${\times}$SR$_4$ performed well under diversified environmental conditions of tropical climate in a year indicating overall stability. These hybrids revealed highly significant (P < 0.01) variations for majority of the traits studied over the control hybrid KA${\times}$NB$_4$D$_2$.$.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.30-36
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• 1994

집누에와 멧누에의 종간교잡에 의한 란각구조 및 chorion 단백질의 변이와 양 종간의 유연관계를 검토했다. 1. 교잡종 란의 측면부의 란각표면구조는 양 종이 모두 집누에와 유사한 그물상구조를 나타내지만 각각의 교잡 모체쪽의 구조와 유사했다. 2. 교잡종에서의 란각단면구조는 멧누에의 구조와 유사했으며 최외층인 덮개층은 측면부에서 주변부로 갈수록 더욱 뚜렷이 관찰되었다. 3. Chorion 단백질의 성분분석 결과 등전점이 4.0-6.5 분자량 10-50 kd 사이에 대부분의 성분이 검출되었으며 교잡종이 chorion 단백질성분은 영동 pattern, 성분수, 등전점 및 분자량 등에 있어서 교잡모체의 chorion 단백질과 유사했다.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.123-127
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• 2001

In order to introduce bivoltine races in a tropical country like India, it is necessary to have stability in cocoon crop under high temperature environments. Unlike any temperate country like Japan, the rearing conditions/environment, climatic conditions, quality of mulberry leaf and incidence of diseases are unpredictable in India. Geneticists and breeders of all the sericultural countries have experienced the influence of environment during the process of breeding. in order to select efficiently the breeds with high temperature tolerance, it is verb important to analyse clearly the heritability nature of high temperature tolerance. In light of the above, the present study was undertaken to determine the effect of high temperature treatment of (A) $35{\pm}1^{\circ}C$ and 85${\pm}$5% RH for 24 hrs continuously, (B) $35{\pm}1^{\circ}C$ and 85${\pm}$5% RH for 48 hrs continuously and (C) the control (25${\pm}1^{\circ}$ and 65${\pm}$5% RH in the normal rearing condition from the $3^{rd}of5^{th}$ instar on the pure races such as Moria, Nl37 and Cl46 as well as their Fl hybrids. The overall performance indicate that the hybrids are mare tolerant than the pure races. it was also observed that the overall performance declined in those batches where 48 hrs treatment was given. The most interesting observation noticed in this study was that there was maternal effect regarding temperature tolerance as evident from the better performance of those hybrids where the female parent used was more tolerant as pure race.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.51-56
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• 2006

Use of products containing phytoecdysteroid (PE) as active principle has become popular in prominent sericultural areas of India for hastening larval maturation events and synchronizing cocoon spinning activities as an obvious advantage is assured. At times, the present recommendation of administering PE at the onset of spinning results in peak labour requirement at odd hrs. To enable making recommendation for the use of PE on $multi{\times}bivoltine$ silkworm hybrids based on the climatic conditions prevailing in different areas especially with regard to temperature, the experiment was taken up to determine proper treatment times so that the induced spinning will be more orderly and the labour can be leveraged more efficiently. Different brackets of low ($18-22^{\circ}C$), medium ($24-28^{\circ}C$) and high ($29-32^{\circ}C$) temperature were simulated during the latter half of V larval instar and cocoon spinning. PE was administered to $multi{\times}bivoltine$ silkworm ($BL67{\times}CSR101$) hybrid batches as per the recommended dose at three different times viz., 10 am, 4 pm and 10 pm. Three replicates of 100 larvae were maintained for each treatment. Absolute controls were also maintained in each temperature range to compare the results. Cumulative maturation percentage was recorded at 6 hrs interval to ascertain peak mounting span. The influence of the treatment on the cocoon traits also was studied. Based on the peak mounting span, it was evident that in low temperature 10 pm treatment would be better. In medium and high temperature, treatment at 4 pm proved to be a better option. The influence of the treatment times at different temperature range on labour management is discussed.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.100-104
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• 1993

누에 7개 품종을 이면교배하여 F1세대의 숙잠체종과 F2 세대의 산란수에 대한 유전분석의 결과는 다음과 같다. 분산분석의 결과에서 유전적 효과인 상가적 효과, 우성 효과, 모체 효과 및 정역간의 효과는 숙잠체종과 산란수에서 모두 유의하였다. 숙잠체중과 산란수는 우성 효과가 상가적 효과보다 컸고, 광의의 유전력은 숙잠체중과 산란수에서 각각 0.986, 0.936으로 높았다. 협의의 유전력은 숙잠체중이 0.773으로 높았으나 산란수는 0.228로 낮았다. vr-Wr graph에서 숙잠체중은 불완전 우성이고, 산란수는 초우성의 유전현상을 보였다. 일반 조합능력의 효과에서 숙잠체중은 잠 107과 잠 124의 품종이, 산란수는 S1이 각각 그 효과가 정으로 컸다. 특정조합의 효과에서 숙잠체중은 S1XC51조합, S1X잠 124 조함, 잠 107X잠 108 조합이 각각 정으로 높은 효과를 보였다. 산란수는 잠107XN63 조합, S1XC51 조합, N74X잠 108 조합, 잠 107X잠 108 조합이 각각 정으로 높은 효과를 보였다.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.26-45
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• 1980

가잠의 견사물질 생성능력에 대한 견사선의 특이성을 구명코저 견사생산성이 다른 8개 원종과 그 F$_1$교잡종에 대하여 견사선의 성장 및 조직학적 특성, 후부견, 사선의 RNA 및 DNA합성과 그 아미노산조성 등을 조사한 결과 다음과 같을 결론을 얻었다. 1) 견사생성량이 다론 가잠품종간 F$_1$ 교배조를 만들 경우 다사량 품종은 5령유충기의 잠체중대 견사선중비 및 견사선중대 견사생성량비가 다사량 품종에 비하여 증가되었다. 2) 후부견사선의 조직학적 관찰에서 견사물질합성이 활발히 전개될 때는 세포핵의 크기 및 분지가 증대하고 5령 96시간째 세포핵의 형태에 있어서 견사생성량이 가장 적은 품종인 $N_2$ 및 $C_{60}$의 세포핵은 잠107, 잠108 등의 것에 비하여 크기가 작고 단순한 형태를 취하였다. 3) 가잠 후부견사선의 RNA함유율은 다사량계 품종이 소사량계 품종에 비하여 높았고 잠품종간 F$_1$ 교배조를 만들 경우 견사생성량과 RNA 함유율은 정상관으로 비례하였다. 4) 가잠 5령유충기중 5령 3일을 전후(2일~4일) 한 후부견사선의 RNA 및 DNA 생성량의 증가율은 다사량계품종이 소사량계에 비하여 약 30%정도 높았다. 5) 가잠 5령유충기(2~4일)의 후부견사선에 있어서 DNA에 의한 RNA 생성효율은 다사량계가 소사량 계품종에 비하여 높았다. 6) 다사량계 잠품종의 후부견사선 DNA 생성량은 5령 4일째 374$\mu\textrm{g}$/두인데 비하여 소사량계품종은 199$\mu\textrm{g}$로서 약 53%정도이었다. 7) 가잠 후부견사선의 아미노산 조성에 있어서 함유량이 가장 높은 것은 Alanine 34.8%이며 Glycine 22.8%, Serine 9.1%, Tyrosine 7.3%의 순으로서 견사 fibroin의 아미노산조성과는 달리 Glycine 함량이 Alanine에 비하여 적었다. 8) 가잠 원종과 교잡종의 후부견사선 아미노산 조성에 있어서 Valine, Isoleucine, Leucine, Phenylalanine, Lysine, Histidine 및 Arginine등 잠체성장에 대한 영양성 아미노산은 원종에 비교적 많이 함유되었고 Glycine Serine, Aspartic acid, Glutamic acid등 비영양성 아미노산과 Threonine은 F$_1$ 교잡종에 비교적 많이 함유되었다. 9) 견사 생성량이 다른 가잠 품종간의 F$_1$ 교배조에 있어서 후부견사선의 아미노산조성중 G.A.S.(Glycine+Alanine+Serine)함량은 다사량 품종일수록 증가되었다.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.129-133
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• 2004

The breeding work was initiated by utilizing two Japanese hybrids namely C135${\times}$N134 and N137${\times}$C146 along with two evolved Indian breeds, J14 and A24. The breed CSR16 which is characterized with marked larvae and white dumbbell cocoons was evolved from the Japanese hybrid C135${\times}$N134 by crossing with J14, while the breed CSR17 which is characterized with plain larvae and white oval cocoons was evolved from the Japanese hybrid N137${\times}$C146 by crossing with A24. The hybrid of these evolved breeds i.e., CSR16${\times}$CSR17 has shown superior over control hybrid $KA{\times}{NB_4}{D_2}$ and on par with the ruling hybrid of CSR2${\times}$CSR4. The hybrid CSR16${\times}$CSR17 was authorized during 1999 by Central Silk Board, Bangalore, Government of India for commercial exploitation during favourable months based on national level race authorization test.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.48-51
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• 1986

우리나라의 10개 장려 잠품종(1978년 당시)의 양원종의 품종별 FV 및 DNV(이나주)에 대한 저항성을 비교검정한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. FV에 대한 저항성은 일본종에서는 한생 1호가 가장 높았고 무등이 가장 낮았으며 중국종에서는 잠108이 가장 높았고 잠 116이 가장 낮았다. 2. DNV에 대한 저항성은 일본종에서는 잠 117, 경추, 무등, 한생 1호 및 한생 3호가 완전 저항성을 나타냈으며 잠 115가 가장 낮은 저항성을 나타냈고 중국종에서는 공식된 모든 품종이 완전 저항성을 나타냈다.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.121-126
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• 2002

Breeding programme was initiated during November, 1995 with the main objective to breed productive multivoltine breeds/ hybrids with suitable genetic constitution to suit the fluctuating tropical climate prevailed in India. Two multivoltine breeds viz., BL-24 and BL-27 selected were as breeding resource materials from the silkworm germplasm maintained at Central Sericul-tural Research and Training Institute, Mysore. By adopting hybridization, backcrossing inbreeding and selection, a new multivoltine breed namely BL-67. This breed spins light greenish yellow cocoons and cocoon shape is oval with medium to coarse grains. The evolved breed was crossed with five tropical bivoltine breeds viz., NB4D2, CSR2, CSR5, CSR18 and CSR101 to study the combining ability, and identified a superior hybrid, BL67 ${\times}$ CSR101, named as CAUVERY, The hybrid is characterized by high pupation rate (>95%), high shell weight (> 35 cg), high cocoon shell ratio (> 20%), longer filament length (> 900 m) and high neatness (93) with a renditta of 6.5 producing 2A-3A grade silk. The hybrid is selected for Race Autho-rization test of Central Silk Board.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.61-67
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• 2010

The bivoltine tropical tasar ecoraces of Antheraea mylitta Drury produces cocoons for seed production under seed crop rearing (July-August with $22{\sim}30^{\circ}C$ temperature and 50~70% relative humidity) and for silk production under commercial crop rearing (September-December with $17{\sim}27^{\circ}C$ temperature and 60~80% relative humidity). To consider the impact of hybrid vigour on egg, larva, cocoon and silk related commercial traits, the $F_1$ hybrids made among Daba, Jata and Raily ecoraces were assessed successively for three years. The hybrid vigour in the $F_1$ hybrid of Daba$\times$Jata ($T_7$) was positive for egg fertility (+23.1%), shell weight (+25.6%), silk yield (+79.0%) and filament length (+68.1%), with filament of high denier (11.98d) and reduced larval span (-7.1%). The Jata$\times$Daba ($T_8$) hybrid has shown negative heterosis in egg fertility (-8.0%) compared to the other F1 hybrids, Daba$\times$Raily ($T_9$) and Raily$\times$Daba ($T_{10}$), when they rise simultaneously during the commercial crop season. The better performance of parental ecoraces ($T_4$ to $T_6$) in their commercial traits during commercial crop over parents of seed crop ($T_1$ to $T_3$) and the superior performance of $F_1$ hybrids ($T_7$ to $T_{10}$) over parents of commercial crop ($T_4$ to $T_6$) during commercial crop season indicates the apparent hybrid vigour in tasar $F_1$ hybrids. As the Daba$\times$Jata ($T_7$) and Jata$\times$Daba ($T_8$) $F_1$ hybrids have shown highest hybrid vigour, their rearing during commercial crop can optimize the silk productivity and commercial sustenance of the tasar silk industry.