• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.157-164
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• 2008

The optical characteristcs and visibility of emergence esit signs made with phosphorescent materials have been studied and compared with conventional signs. The phosphorescence of the materials meets standards as defineds by JIS, and achieved a level of brightness recognizable by the human eye. The visibility in the dard of the signs using the phosphorescent materials was shown to be higher than that of currently employed materials. It was confirmed that phosphorescent materials show excellent promise to improve the visibility of emergency exit signs.

• Transactions on Control, Automation and Systems Engineering
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.47-55
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• 2000

In this paper, a vision-based roadway detection algorithm for an automated vehicle control system, based on roadway sign information on roads, is proposed. First, in order to detect roadway signs, the color scene image is enhanced under hue-invariance. Fuzzy logic is employed to simplify the enhanced color image into a binary image and the binary image is morphologically filtered. Then, an effective algorithm of locating signs based on binary rank order transform (BROT) is utilized to extract signs from the image. This algorithm performs better than those previously presented. Finally, the inner shapes of roadway signs with curving roadway direction information are recognized by neural networks. Experimental results show that the new detection algorithm is simple and robust, and performs well on real sign detection. The results also show that the neural networks used can exactly recognize the inner shapes of signs even for very noisy shapes.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.24-30
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was aimed to identify the effects of Self-Foot Reflexotherapy on the Fatigue, Mood and Vital Signs of the Nursing students. Methods: The research design was a quasi experimental, one-group pretest-posttest design. The data were collected from June 15 to August 31, 2008. The one group was consisted of 21 subjects. The instruments used for the study were the Fatigue and Paleasant mood. The data were analyzed by SPSS WIN 12.0 program. In order to compare the effect of the pre-post Foot Reflexotherapy, paired-test and Repeated Measures ANOVA was employed. Results: A significant decrease in fatigue, increase in Mood and Vital signs after providing self foot reflexotherapy was observed. Conclusion: The result suggests that a self foot reflexotherapy could be utilized as an effective nursing intervention to the patients to reduce fatigue, Mood and vital signs.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2012.10a
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• pp.887-890
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• 2012

Image recognition is one of the most important research directions of pattern recognition. Image based road automatic identification technology is widely used in current society, the intelligence has become the trend of the times. This paper studied the image segmentation algorithm theory and its application in road signs recognition system. With the help of image processing technique, respectively, on road signs automatic recognition algorithm of three main parts, namely, image segmentation, character segmentation, image and character recognition, made a systematic study and algorithm. The experimental results show that: the image segmentation algorithm to establish road signs recognition model, can make effective use of smart phone system and application.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.81-85
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• 2016

Reasonable disaster prevention signs play an important role in guiding evacuation. Through the field investigation on disaster prevention signs in shelters and surrounding areas in Beijing, some problems were found in the using of sign system. Based on the principle of integrated design, evacuation and rescue requirements, it is necesssary to make further study on aspects such as, design of function, systematic consideration, humanization design, as well as the internationalization using. This paper presents an evaluation index system for disaster prevention signs. Such a system is very important for strengthening the independent guiding function of sign systems and improving evacuation efficiency. An effective connection could be realized between the internal environment of buildings, evacuation routes, and emergencey shelters.

• School Mathematics
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.539-554
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• 2002

Mathematics is constructed by many signs, and learning mathematics involves the understanding and uses of them. This study reflects mathematical signs and their meanings, and considers how they can be introduced in learning. For these, we first investigated epistemological positions as Piaget, Vygotsky, anthropology, and interactionism. And we investigated semiotic models that Saussure and Peirce built each. Among these we adopted Peirce' triadic model that is consisted of interpretant, object (referent), and represen tamen(sign). In mathematic learning process, representations are transformed by translations and meanings are growed to the representation of another sign. And the meaning of sign grows by learner's interpretation. In terms of theoretical grounds, we settled that the understanding of mathematical signs involved the understanding of their representations and their meanings. On the foundation of above contents, we searched how we introduced signs to students and there were methods that approached to students representationally or inquiringly.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.64-71
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• 2010

As the ultimate goal of the Aeronautical communication is delivery of information, it is essential to communicate via accurate use of language; there are possibilities of errors occurring as the exchange of information between pilot and air traffic controller is conducted through radio communication. Especially, there are frequently reported errors in radio communication in the event that two or more aircrafts using similar call-signs are operated in one sector. In this paper, a list of errors, which can possibly caused by air traffic controllers when controlling airplanes using similar call-signs, was derived through preceding researches and theories related to similar call-signs and human errors. Based on this list, an experiment was conducted on 52 air traffic controllers working at "J" international airport. For this experiment, ATC2K which is a simulated approach control radar developed in Korea, was used; and a regression formula was derived by analyzing the quantity of frequency change in error occurrence when controlling two or more airplanes using similar call-signs base on a premeditated scenario.The data presented in this research has useful findings and concepts for understanding the errors that can possibly occur while controlling airplanes using similar call-signs.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.233-237
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• 2013

Image recognition is an important research area of pattern recognition. This paper studies that the image segmentation algorithm theory and its application in road signs recognition system. In this paper We studied a systematic study for road signs and we have made the recognition algorithm. This paper is divided in image segmentation part and image recognition part for the road signs recognition. The experimental results show that the road signs recognition model can make effective use in smart phone system, and the model can be used in many other fields.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.143-146
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• 2007

Due to the expansion of cities and the increasing number of large-scale and complex public spaces, there is an increase in public signage. Moreover, the information described on these signs tends to be diverse and complicated. Complex signs that contain multiple destinations or other information must be considered to determine not only the proper size, color, etc. but also the most effective arrangement of design elements. In the previous research, the cognitive utility of complex public signs was estimated using computer simulation software. In the current research, we focused on the objective estimation of the effectiveness of the results obtained in the previous research utilizing an eye mark recording system. Two cognitive engineering experiments clarified five points for improvement in the usability of complex signs, as follows: 1) Parallel construction of characters and pictograms is more efficient. 2) Grouping elements result in rapid recognition of information chunks. 3) Visual characters and pictograms are effective, along with proper density of information. 4) Specific arrangement of sign arrows is effective. 5) Figures on signs influence the sequence of information searches.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.133-147
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• 1999

Traffic signs without a cognitive consideration in their design may cause information-processing problem that could result in a mental confusion among drivers often lead to a serious traffic accident. Therefore, in this study, several traffic signs currently used in Seoul Metropolitan area have been sampled and analyzed to identify design problems that usually caused by neglecting drivers cognitive ability. To classify the practical design problems, five major information-processing problems have been suggested: indistinguishable information, information conflict, missing information, sign-load mismatch, and information overload. In order to solve these cognitive problems, new traffic signs have been suggested in this study. An experiment was also performed to validate the new traffic sign. Twenty-four healthy subjects participated in the experiment. They were asked to answer the Question after observing the traffic signs continuously displayed on computer screen. The result indicated that subjects improved the accuracy in understanding the signs by 1.4 times when they used the suggested traffic sign compared to the old one. Based upon the results, a cognitive guideline was suggested for correct and speedy reading of traffic signs by improving information processing and reducing of human error. In conclusion, the traffic sign may well be applied to design an intelligent traffic sign system to increase the safety and comfort of drivers, especially in complex load condition.