• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.131-137
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• 2013

동영상의 줌 움직임 추정은 구현이 아주 복잡하다. 본 논문에서는 줌 움직임 추정을 구현하기 위하여 깊이 카메라와 색상 카메라를 동시에 이용하는 방법을 제안한다. 깊이 카메라로부터 현재블록과 참조블록 사이의 거리 정보를 얻고, 이 거리 정보로부터 두 블록사이의 줌 비율을 계산한다. 줌 비율에 맞게 참조블록을 확대 또는 축소시켜 줌으로서 움직임 추정 차신호를 줄일 수 있다. 따라서, 제안된 방법은 줌 움직임 추정을 위한 복잡도가 크지 않으면서 움직임 추정 정확도를 높이는 것이 가능하다. 모의실험을 바탕으로 제안된 방법의 움직임 추정 정확도를 측정하였으며, 기존 블록정합 방법에 비하여 움직임 추정 오차값이 크게 감소함을 확인하였다.

• Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.115-122
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• 2015

Global Positioning System (GPS) is used in various fields such as communications systems, transportation systems, e-commerce, power plant systems, and up to various military weapons systems recently. However, GPS receiver is vulnerable to jamming signals as the GPS signals come from the satellites located at approximately 20,000 km above the earth. For this reason, various anti-jamming techniques have been developed for military application systems especially and it is also required for commercial application systems nowadays. In this paper, we proposed a dual-channel Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) RF ASIC for digital pre-correlation anti-jam technique. It not only covers all GNSS frequency bands, but is integrated low-gain/attenuation mode in low-noise amplifier (LNA) without influencing in/out matching and 14-bit analogdigital converter (ADC) to have a high dynamic range. With the aid of digital processing, jamming to signal ratio is improved to 77 dB from 42 dB with proposed receiver. RF ASIC for anti-jam is fabricated on a 0.18-μm complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology and consumes 1.16 W with 2.1 V (low-dropout; LDO) power supply. And the performance is evaluated by a kind of test hardware using the designed RF ASIC.

• 천문학회지
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.455-460
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• 2004

There have been many speculations about the presence of cosmic ray protons (CRps) in galaxy clusters over the past two decades. However, no direct evidence such as the characteristic $\gamma$-ray signature of decaying pions has been found so far. These pions would be a direct tracer of hadronic CRp interactions with the ambient thermal gas also yielding observable synchrotron and inverse Compton emission by additionally produced secondary electrons. The obvious question concerns the type of galaxy clusters most likely to yield a signal: Particularly suited sites should be cluster cooling cores due to their high gas and magnetic energy densities. We studied a nearby sample of clusters evincing cooling cores in order to place stringent limits on the cluster CRp population by using non-detections of EGRET. In this context, we examined the possibility of a hadronic origin of Coma-sized radio halos as well as radio mini-halos. Especially for mini-halos, strong clues are provided by the very plausible small amount of required CRp energy density and a matching radio profile. Introducing the hadronic minimum energy criterion, we show that the energetically favored CRp energy density is constrained to $2\%{\pm}1\%$ of the thermal energy density in Perseus. We also studied the CRp population within the cooling core region of Virgo using the TeV $\gamma$-ray detection of M 87 by HEGRA. Both the expected radial $\gamma$-ray profile and the required amount of CRp support this hadronic scenario.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제32권8호
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• pp.1263-1268
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• 2008

In this paper, the low noise power amplifier for GaAs FET ATF-10136 is designed and fabricated with active bias circuit and self bias circuit. To supply most suitable voltage and current, active bias circuit is designed. Active biasing offers the advantage that variations in the pinch-off voltage($V_p$) and saturated drain current($I_{DSS}$) will not necessitate a change in either the source or drain resistor value for a given bias condition. The active bias network automatically sets a gate-source voltage($V_{gs}$) for the desired drain voltage and drain current. Using resistive decoupling circuits, a signal at low frequency is dissipated by a resistor. This design method increases the stability of the LNA, suitable for input stage matching and gate source bias. The LNA is fabricated on FR-4 substrate with active and self bias circuit, and integrated in aluminum housing. As a results, the characteristics of the active and self bias circuit LNA implemented more than 13 dB and 14 dB in gain, lower than 1 dB and 1.1 dB in noise figure, 1.7 and 1.8 input VSWR at normalized frequency $1.4{\sim}1.6$, respectively.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SD
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• 제43권7호
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• pp.13-19
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• 2006

5Gb/s대역 크로스커플 구조의 트랜스임피던스 증폭기 및 제한증폭기가 연결된 광 수신기를 광 PCB에 응용하기 위해 설계 하였다. 회로는 0.18um CMOS 공정으로 구현되었다. 광 수신기는 0.5pF 광 다이오드 기생 캐퍼시턴스에서 $92.8db{\Omega}$ 임피던스 이득과 5Gbps의 주파수 대역을 갖는다. 그리고 1.8V, 2.4V 공급전압에서 9.74mV의 전력소모를 보인다. 입력단의 임피던스는 $50{\Omega}$ 이다. 회로를 광 PCB기판에 올려 광신호 송신 실험하여 5Gb/s 데이터의 수신을 확인하였다.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제18권7호
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• pp.723-730
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• 2007

본 논문에서는 구동단의 IMD 특성을 종단의 IMD 특성과 반대의 값을 갖도록 하는 anti-phase IMD 정합 기법을 이용하여 대전력 증폭기의 선형성을 개선하였으며, 이의 설계 과정을 나타내었다. W-CDMA 4FA 입력 신호시 평균 출력 전력 30 W에서 ACLR -55 dBc@5 MHz offset을 얻었으며, 최대 전력 이득을 얻기 위한 최적 정합시와 측정 결과를 비교시, 약 12 dBc 이상 개선되었다. 또한, 평균 출력 전력 50 W에서도 상용 제품 규격을 만족함을 보였다.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.276-283
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• 2003

본 논문은 IMT-2000 단말기용 전력증폭기의 선형성을 증가시키기 위해 기존의 선형화 기법을 사용하는 대신 선형성이 우수한 Infineon 사의 SiGe HBT를 이용하여 IMT-2000 단말기용 2단 전력증폭기를 설계하고 제작하였다. HBT의 비선형 모델은 Gummel-Poon 모델을 이용하였으며, 등가모델을 이용하여 회로 시뮬레이터인 ADS를 사용하여 DC I-V 특성과 입ㆍ출력측의 S-파라미터 특성을 살펴보았다. 시뮬레이션한 S-파라미터를 이용하여 2단 전력증폭기의 첫째단은 고이득 조건으로 정합하고, 둘째단은 고출력 조건으로 정합하였다. 시뮬레이션 결과를 바탕으로 hybrid 형태로 제작한 2단 전력증폭기는 IMT-2000 상향 주파수 대역인 1920∼1980MHz에서 27.1dBm의 출력전력과 18.9dB의 전력이득, 20dB의 ACLR, 34%의 전력부가효율을 얻었다.

• 통합자연과학논문집
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.238-242
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• 2011

For any pattern matching based algorithm in WLAN environment, the characteristics of signal to noise ratio(SNR) to multiple access points(APs) are utilized to establish database in the training phase, and in the estimation phase, the actual two dimensional coordinates of mobile unit(MU) are estimated based on the comparison between the new recorded SNR and fingerprints stored in database. The system that uses the artificial neural network(ANN) falls in a local minima when it learns many nonlinear data, and its classification accuracy ratio becomes low. To make up for this risk, the SVM/ANN hybrid algorithm is proposed in this paper. The proposed algorithm is the method that ANN learns selectively after clustering the SNR data by SVM, then more improved performance estimation can be obtained than using ANN only and The proposed algorithm can make the higher classification accuracy by decreasing the nonlinearity of the massive data during the training procedure. Experimental results indicate that the proposed SVM/ANN hybrid algorithm generally outperforms ANN algorithm.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.489-498
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• 2005

For better performance over a noisy channel, mobile wireless networks transmit packets with forward error correction (FEC) code to recover corrupt bits without retransmission. The static determination of the FEC code size, however, degrades their performance since the evaluation of the underlying channel state is hardly accurate and even widely varied. Our measurements over a wireless sensor network, for example, show that the average bit error rate (BER) per second or per minute continuously changes from 0 up to $10^{-3}$. Under this environment, wireless networks waste their bandwidth since they can't deterministically select the appropriate size of FEC code matching to the fluctuating channel BER. This paper proposes an adaptive FEC technique called adaptive FEC code control (AFECCC), which dynamically tunes the amount of FEC code per packet based on the arrival of acknowl­edgement packets without any specific information such as signal to noise ratio (SNR) or BER from receivers. Our simulation experiments indicate that AFECCC performs better than any static FEC algorithm and some conventional dynamic hybrid FEC/ARQ algorithms when wireless channels are modeled with two-state Markov chain, chaotic map, and traces collected from real sensor networks. Finally, AFECCC implemented in sensor motes achieves better performance than any static FEC algorithm.

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.66-72
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• 2007

This study proposed new method to decide the reference model necessary for design PID controller. In generally, control design problems using the reference model have the following two factors. One factor is that numerical model of the controlled system can be obtained extremely, and the other is that specification for the closed-loop dynamic performance is pure moderate. Therefore, the control design procedure is essentially based on the partial reference model matching which offers a reasonable method to simplify the design and the controller configuration under the controlled system uncertainty. ITAE(Integral of time-multiplied absolute error) performance index and Kitamori method etc. which were used a reference model method had a limit to settling time and rising time of reference model that it arrived to steady state response according to the controlled system. On this study, if it only knew peak time of overshoot and settling time by measurement signal of the controlled system, it can be made the reference model easily. We proposed new method to improve performance index of the reference model superior to existing reference model index and illustrate the numerical simulation results to show the effectiveness of proposed control method design.