• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제6권6호
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• pp.483-490
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• 2014

PURPOSE. The purpose of this study was to determine the average facial proportions and mandibular movement capacity of 316 first-year dental students who carefully recorded them on each other. MATERIALS AND METHODS. This early exacting clinical experience was closely supervised by the authors in Columbus, Ohio during 1969-70. Five vertical and six horizontal distances were measured on each subject's face. An ala-tragus line and an occlusal line were drawn on the left side of the face to determine if these two lines were parallel. Measurements of mandibular movements involved maximum normal and hinge opening at the incisors and maximum amounts of right, left lateral and protrusive excursions of the mandible. RESULTS. The ala width and distance between the tips of upper right and left canine cusps averaged (35.2 mm and 34.8 mm) but with very large individual variations. The distance between ala to occlusal plane lines was 29.9 mm at the tragus and 31.3 mm near the ala. The angle between orbitale and ala-tragus averaged 13.6 degrees. CONCLUSION. The upper lip length was the most variable and the distance between the pupils was the most stable of the eleven facial measurements. The ala-tragus line and the occlusal plane lines were for all practical purposes parallel. Maximum jaw opening averaged 51.2 mm which was 3.0 times larger than maximal hinge opening of 17.2 mm. The maximum right plus left side jaw excursions (9.2 and 9.4 mm) totaled 18.6 mm, 2.3 times more than the 8.0 mm mean maximum forward protrusion.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.193-211
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• 2022

The present study focuses on aerodynamic parameters behaviors and control on the single and double side setback building models at the buildings mid-height. The study is conducted by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation. This study estimates the face wise pressure coefficient on single side setback buildings with a setback range of 20%-50% and double side setback buildings with setbacks ranging from 10%-25%. The polynomial fitted graphs from CFD data predict the Cp on different setback model faces within permissible limit ±13% error. The efficient model obtained according to the minimum drag, lift, and moment consideration for along and across wind conditions. The study guides the building tributary area doesn't control the drag, lift, and moment on setback type buildings. The setback distance takes a crucial role in that. The 20% double side setback model is highly efficient to regulate the moment for both along and across wind conditions. It reduces 17.5% compared to the 20% single side setback and 14% moment compared to the 10% double side setback models. The double side setback building is more efficient to control 4.2% moment than the single side setback building

• 대한공간정보학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.49-55
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• 2008

도로 주변의 영상을 사용자들에게 제공하기 위해서는 사생활 침해의 문제가 발생하지 않도록 영상에 존재하는 사람(얼굴)을 추출하여 제거하는 과정이 필수적으로 이루어져야 한다. 도로 주변의 CCD영상에서의 얼굴 추출을 위해, 영상의 먼저 HSI(색상, 채도, 명도)와 YCrCb 칼라 모델을 사용하여 피부색을 검출하였으며, 두 개의 모델을 사용한 결과 효과적인 피부색의 검출이 가능하였다. 이렇게 검출된 피부색 영역을 연결성과 밝기 차이를 영역 분할을 실행하고 나뉜 구역들에 면적, 개수, 비율, 타원의 조건을 적용하여 최종적인 얼굴 후보 구역을 결정하였다. 그리고 이렇게 결정된 구역들을 임계값을 이용하여 이진화하고, 이진화 된 영상 중 검은 부분이 5% 이상일 때 얼굴로 결정하였다. 실험 결과 초상권 침해의 문제가 되는 38개의 영상 중에서 28개의 얼굴이 추출되었다. 얼굴이 추출되지 않은 원인으로는 얼굴의 음영지역과, 피부색과 유사한 배경 등을 들 수 있다. 또한 얼굴과 비슷한 색과 형태를 가진 물체들이 추출되는 사례가 많이 발생하였다. 이러한 문제들을 보완하기 위해서는 얼굴 후보 영역조건을 세분화 하고 영역 분할 방식과, 얼굴 최종 결정 부분의 알고리즘을 더 구체적으로 보완해야 할 필요성이 있다고 여겨진다.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.49-56
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a pathogenic bacteria filtration instrument for infection prevention during mouth-to-mouth ventilation. Methods: Two kinds of face shields were used for the study. One rescuer blew the filter through a bag valve mask and the filter was then cultured for bacteria. The mask was tested both on the front and back side. Results: Two kinds of face shields including the KF shield and CM shield were tested. The KF shield has received national certification and it prevented transmission of bacterial infection but the CM shield showed the opposite result and did not prevent bacterial transmission. Pathogenic bacteria were found on the back of the CM shield. Conclusion: A certified face shield is very important to prevent bacterial transmission. Face shields should be demonstrated and used by paramedic students.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2009년도 세계 도시지반공학 심포지엄
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• pp.1307-1316
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• 2009

In this case, powerfulness quorum of destruction side which we have expected are supposed general limit value for rock floor when retaining of earth on the section of rock floor in the urban area. For digging in the urban area, there are a lot of dislocations to be disadvantage for safety of digging ants. The displacement of the pondside didn't converged with the phase of the excavation. Also, the speed of displacement got higher than the percentages of risk in the construction. So, we put into operation Face mapping for checking special quality of dislocations which appear on the digging ants. This results were used to decide a destruction in the case of the final excavation by analyzing with other results. It was possible to know the unstable distribution of a fault line in Face Mapping and to get powerful lens of a surface of discontinuity by tests indoors and outdoors. The results were also used to make a solution. Therefore, It's a successful example using the Partial TopDown for stable digging. And it is important that Face Mapping have to be practiced for solving the uncertainty of ground organization when digging design in the urban city.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2005년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.412-417
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• 2005

To ensure the safety of the tunnelling without the loss of economy, the tunnel seismic profiling(TSP) method for the prediction ahead of tunnel face, begins to be used routinely in these days. TSP method does not interfere the tunnelling works while the horizontal drilling does, and its prediction length is longer than that of the drilling. Yet the most frequently adopted technique of TSP in Korea is the multi-shot and 2 receiver array using in-hole receivers, even though this array requires as many as 26 drill-holes for receiver installation and ballasting, which results in 3-6 hours of suspension in excavation work. In this paper, multi-receiver and lesser shot array using side-wall attached 3 component geophones is to be described to prove the efficiency in terms of the survey time as well as the reliability of the method by comparison of the predicted weak points and the face mapping results. The predictions mostly agreed with the real fractures or joint developed zones which have been confirmed during the excavation. It also has been found that TSP method can be effectively applied to perform draining ground water ahead of tunnel face by imaging the geologic discontinuities.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 1995년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.232-235
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• 1995

A side-extrusion model, meant for deeper understanding of the material flow in the CONFORM (continuous extrusion forming) of trub shaped aluminum profiles is presented. In order to get the desirded straight shape of the extrudate,every part of its cross-section must exit the die with the same velocity. Problem is assumed by plane strain UBET-model to analyze it in a simplified way. This has been done by studying the side-extrusion through a two -hole die face. The flow is balanced by determining the optimum lengths of the bearing lands, i.e., those lengths which result in equal exit velocities of the extrudates. Furthermore, the material flow, as influenced by the punch velocity, has been investigated.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.400-404
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• 2015

For mass production of stamped parts, which require complicated in-press operations, it is always advisable to use a progressive die set. It is difficult to choose a progressive die set if the stamped parts need to be deep drawn and especially if they are unsymmetrical. Because unsymmetrical deep drawing parts are very sensitive to the effect of weight during moving to the next step, they are hard to exactly locate on the die face. An automotive seat side cushion panel is about 80mm high, unsymmetrical and its low edge needs hemming, so it is hard to produce even using a progressive die set. In the current paper a progressive stamping for seat side cushion panel was examined. Five strip bridges were considered to be strong enough to move to the next die as predicted by the CAE analysis.

• 한국해양공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양공학회 2006년 창립20주년기념 정기학술대회 및 국제워크샵
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• pp.29-34
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• 2006

In this paper, the mechanical characteristics of ultrasonic cold forged technology (UCFT) used for the trimming knife and the effects of ultrasonic vibration energy (UVE) into the trimming process on the state of the strip cutting face were studied. And a diagnosis system to quality control for trimming knife and strip cutting face was developed and installed in plant. By the plant application of UCFT, service life of knife was more increased over 100% than that of conventional knife. And using the developed diagnosis system, the knife breakage and saw ear have been perfectly detected and quality control of trimming face is obtained effectively.

• 터널과지하공간
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.95-103
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• 1995

In this paper the stress redistribution around tunnel face was analyzed by using a three-dimensional finite element model. The effects of in-situ stress levels, excavation sequences, stiffness difference between the hard ground and the weak zone on the stress redistributions were considered. Displacement and stress changes at tunnel crown, side wall, and invert were investigated throughout the sequential excavation. To show ground response, percentage of the displacement and stress variations are used as a function of normalized distance that is between the face and monitoring section. Preceding displacements and stress variations were presented to be adopted in the two-dimensional tunnel analysis.