• 제목/요약/키워드: SiCN

검색결과 76건 처리시간 0.022초

밀양지역 납석광상 화산암질 모암에서의 원소들의 지구화학적 분산 (Geochemical Dispersion of Elements in Volcanic Wallrocks of Pyrophyllite Deposits in Milyang Area, Kyeongnam Province)

  • 오대균;전효택
    • 자원환경지질
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    • 제26권3호
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    • pp.337-347
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    • 1993
  • Mineralogical and geochemical studies on some pyrophyllite deposits in Milyang area, Kyeongnam Province (Milyang and Sungjin mine) were carried out in order to investigate dispersion patterns of chemical elements in altered volcanic wallrocks, and to interpret genetic environments of the pyrophyllite deposits. Cretaceous andesitic and tuffaceous rocks, and pyrophyllite ore specimens were collected from the dumps and drilling cores. Andesitic wallrocks were grouped as unaltered and altered rocks in the order of pyrophyllitization. Vertical dispersion patterns and relative mobilities of chemical elements in volcanic wallrocks were discussed. Geochemical environment in the Milyang area is characterized by the occurrence of boron minerals such as dumortierite coexisting with pyrophyllite ores, and tourmaline in granitic rocks. Unaltered andesitic rocks are mainly composed of plagioclase, pyroxene and hornblende, and were propylitized and saussuritized. Altered andesitic rocks are bleached and consist of quartz, sericite, pyrophyllite, kaolinite, chlorite and disseminated pyrite. Pyrophyllite ores are mainly composed of quartz, pyrophyllite, dumortierite, dissemianted pyrite and some diaspore. Enrichment of $SiO_2$, $Al_2O_3$, LOI (loss on ignition), As and Cr, and depletion of $K_2O$, $Na_2O$, CaO, MgO and total Fe are characteristic during alteration process. The REE patterns show that the pyrophyllite deposits could be originated from the continental margin volcanics. The $(La/Lu)_{cn}$ ratios of the pyrophyllite ores increase from 4.2~23.2 to 2.67~128.8 owing to strong acidic hydrothermal alteration. Vertical dispersion patterns of $Al_2O_3$, $K_2O$, $Na_2O$, CaO, MgO, $Fe_2O_3$ (total Fe), As, Au, Sb, Cr and Sr in the wallrocks show the location of orebodies. Particularly dispersion patterns of $Al_2O_3$ and Cr indicate the extension of orebodies. Anomalous distribution of Au, As and Sb in wallrocks shows potential for gold occurrence below the pyrophyllite deposits. Judging from the relative mobilities of elements in wallrocks, $Al_2O_3$ could be added from hydrothermal solution, and the silicified rone be formed from the excess of $SiO_2$.

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경남 밀양지역 납석광상과 안산암질 모암의 지구화학적 연구 (A Geochemical Study on Pyrophyllite Deposits and Andesitic Wall-Rocks in the Milyang Area, Kyeongnam Province)

  • 오대균;전효택;민경원
    • 자원환경지질
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    • 제25권1호
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    • pp.27-39
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    • 1992
  • Several pyrophyllite deposits occur around the Milyang area where Cretaceous andesitic rocks and spatially related granitic rocks are widely distributed. Pyrophyllite ores consist mainly of pyrophyllite, and quartz with small amount of sericite, pyrite, dumortierite, and diaspore. The andesitic rocks and spatially related granitic rocks in this area suggest that they could be formed from the same series of a calc-alkaline magma series. The contents of $SiO_2$, $Al_2O_3$, LOI(loss on ignition) are enriched, and $K_2O$, $Na_2O$, CaO, MgO, $Fe_2O_3$ are depleted in altered andesitic rocks and ores. Enrichment of As, Cr, Sr, V, Sb and depletion of Ba, Cs, Ni, Rb, U, Y, Co, Sc, Zn are characteristic during mineralization. The pyrophyllite ores can be discriminated from the altered-and unaltered wall-rocks by an increasing of $(La/Lu)_{cn}$ from 4.18~22.13 to 8.98~55.05. In R-mode cluster analysis, Yb-Lu-Y, La-Ce-Hf-Th-U-Zr, $TiO_2-V-Al_2O_3$, Sm-Eu, $CaO-Na_2O-MnO$, Cu-Zn-Ag, $K_2O-Rb$ are closely correlated. In the discriminant analysis of multi-element data, $P_2O_5$, As, Cr and $Fe_2O_3$, Sr are helpful to identify the ores from the unaltered-and altered wall-rocks. In the factor analysis, the factors of alteration of andesitic rocks and ore mineralization were extracted. In the change of ions per unit volume, $SiO_2$, $Al^{3+}$ and LOI are enriched and $Na^+$, $K^+$, $Ca^{2+}$, $Mg^{2+}$, $Mn^{2+}$ and $Fe^{3+}$ are depleted during the alteration processes. The Milyang and the Sungjin pyrophyllite deposits could be mineralized by hydrothermal alteration in a geochemical condition of low activity ratio of alkaline ions to hydrogen ion with reference to spatially related granitic rocks.

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연화산(강원도 태백시)의 관속식물상 (Floristic Study of Vascular Plants in Yeonhwasan Mt. (Taebaek-si, Gangwon-do, Korea))

  • 정현진;장주은;김알렉세이;이세령;김영수;김지은;이정심;이강협;강은수;한상국;길희영
    • 한국자원식물학회지
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    • 제36권4호
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    • pp.314-340
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    • 2023
  • 본 연구는 강원도 태백시에 위치한 연화산의 관속식물상을 조사하였다. 2022년 4월부터 9월까지 총 14회에 걸쳐 현지조사를 수행한 결과 87과 282속 441종 15아종 41변종 8품종으로 총 505분류군이 확인되었다. 이 중 특산식물은 22분류군이었다. 국립수목원이 지정한 적색목록에 따른 위협범주 및 준위협에 속하는 식물은 4분류군으로, 위급, 위기, 취약, 준위협 범주에서 각각 1분류군이 확인되었다. 식물구계학적 특정식물은 총 102분류군이 확인되었으며, V등급에는 1분류군, IV등급9분류군, III등급 34분류군이 속했다. 침입외래식물은 34분류군, 생태계교란식물은 3분류군이 확인되었다. 조사지의 도시화지수는 12.8%, 귀화율은 6.7%로 나타났다. 본 연구 결과는 연화산의 생태적 가치 보전과 관리방안 수립을 위한 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

충주(忠州)-월악산(月岳山)-제천(提川) 화강암류(花崗岩類)의 암석화학적(岩石化學的) 연구(硏究) (Petrochemistry of the Granitic Rocks in the Chungju, Wolaksan and Jecheon Granite Batholiths)

  • 김규한;신윤수
    • 자원환경지질
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    • 제23권2호
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    • pp.245-259
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    • 1990
  • Petrochemical analyses of granitic rocks including trace element, REE and oxygen isotope were carried out to understand petrogenesis of plutonic rocks from the Chungju, Wolaksan and Jecheon granite batholiths, which might be related with tungsten-base metal-fluorite mineralization in the Hwanggangri metallogenic province. Different geochemical characteristics such as major and trace elements were found between Jurassic Daebo granitic rocks (Chungju, Jecheon, Wonju, and Boeun granitic rocks) and Cretaceous Bulgugsa granitic rocks (Wolaksan, Muamsa and Sokrisan granitic rocks). Cretaceous granitoids are characterized by high $SiO_2$and $K_2O$ contents and low $TiO_2$, $Al_2O_3$, MgO and CaO contents. They also have relatively high contents of trace elements(Zn, V, Co, Cr, Sr, and Ba) in comparison with the Jurassic granitoids. (Eu)/($Eu^*$) and $(La/Lu)_{CN}$ ratios of Jurassic plutons vary from 0.78 to 1.13 and from 26.02 to 30.5, respectively, while the ratios of Cretaceous ones range from 0.22 to 0.28 and from 4.42 to 14.2, respectively. The REE patterns of the Cretaceous and Jurassic granitic rocks have quite different Eu anomalies: large negative Eu anomaly in the former, and mild or absent Eu anomaly in the latter. The large Eu negative of Cretaceous granitic rocks are interpreted as a differentiated product of fractional crystallization of granitic magma deduced by Rayleigh fractionation model(Tsusue et al., 1987). Oxygen isotopic compositions of quartz for Daebo and Bulgugsa granitic rocks range from 9.98 to 10.51‰ and from 8.26 to 9.56‰, respectively. The Daebo granitic rocks enriched in $^{18}0$ suggest that the magma be undergone different partial melting processes from the Bulgugsa ones. Of the Bulgugsa granitoids, Wolaksan and Sokrisan mass have different contents of trace elements and ${\delta}\;^{18}0$ values of the silicate minerals, which indicate that they are not from the identical source of magma. Many mineral deposits are distributed in and/or near the Wolaksan and Muamsa granitic rocks, but a few mineral deposits are found in and near the Chungju and Jecheon granite batholiths. It might be depend on geochemisty of the related igneous rocks which have low contents of Ba, Sr, Co, V, Cr, Ni, Zn and high contents of Nb and Y, and on lithology of country rocks such as cabonate and noncarbonate rocks.

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제세동 시행도구에 따른 제세동 지연시간의 변화 (The Changes of Defibrillation Time Depending on the Manual External Defibrillator Device)

  • 박시은;신동민
    • 한국응급구조학회지
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    • 제16권1호
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    • pp.81-90
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    • 2012
  • Objectives: This study is to research delay time comparison for later defibrillation after hands off according to the changes in defibrillation electrodes. Study purpose: In defibrillation treatment that is the only way for cardiac arrest by arrhythmia, it is to find defibrillator device which can minimize late defibrillation delay time after important affect of hands off. Study object and method: After hands off according to the defibrillator device, we collected total 40 people for emergency medicine doctor, internal medicine doctor, general surgeon, nurse, emergency medical technician who are working at 2 CN, CS University hospitals in Gwangju Jeollanamdo district to find out hand off shock interval(HOSI). We then researched their general properties like occupation sector, experiences in clinic, gender, completion of AHA ACLS-P training and more. Then 40 participants continued ventricular fibrillation cardiac arrest simulation training (using human-model mannequin) designed by researcher and performed their roles as defibrillation operator. Each of participant used manual paddle and performed 4 times of defibrillation (150J) during 8 minutes of CPR and in 8day, the defibrillator devices were replaced from manual paddle to self-adhesive electrodes pads and 4 times of defibrillation (150J) under same simulation condition as manual paddle were performed. Study result: In comparison for delay time of later defibrillation after hands off of manual paddle and self adhesive electrodes pad, the self adhesive electrodes pad ($7.0{\pm}0.5sec$) seemed to reduce delay time of later defibrillation significantly (p<0.05) compared to manual paddle ($10.0{\pm}0.9sec$). The self adhesive electrodes pad, according to the general properties of participants, had no particular change in delay time after later defibrillation for the statistics (p>0.05) but the manual paddle had statistically significant differences for the occupation sector, experiences in clinic and gender (p<0.05). Conclusion: In defibrillation, the self adhesive electrodes pad($7.0{\pm}0.5sec$) showed short HOSI compared to manual paddle ($10.0{\pm}0.9sec$) significantly (p<0.05) and it applied identically for both existence and non-existence of ACLS-P training completion, experiences in clinic, gender and occupation sector. The manual paddle had also significant difference in experiences in clinic and occupation sector (p<0.05). which means the effect on HOSI according to the job mastery. Therefore, if the clinic experience is short or in case for the occupations without frequent defibrillation treatment has a danger of lowering success rate for the defibrillation using manual paddle. Therefore, it is true that using self adhesive electrodes pad for defibrillation electrodes when performing manual defibrillation in pre-hospital as well as in-hospital steps can generally minimize delay time of later defibrillation after hands off.

한반도 동남부 제4기 단층 비지의 광물학적 및 지구화학적 연구 (Mineralogy and Geochemistry of Quaternary Fault Gouges in the Southeastern Korean Peninsula)

  • 손승완;장태우;김영규
    • 한국광물학회지
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    • 제15권2호
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    • pp.85-94
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    • 2002
  • 한반도 동남부 일대에 발견된 제4기 단층인 상천, 입실, 왕산단층 비 지대에서 단층운동과 이에 수반된 유체의 영향으로 생긴 미구조 및 광물학적인 변화 양상을 알아보기 위해 단층 비지와 주위 모암의 전암분석과 전자현미분석이 수행되었다. 단층 비지와 주위 모암의 X-선형광분석 결과 유동성이 낮은 원소 즉 $TiO_2$, MgO, $P_2$$O_{5}$ , $Fe_2$$O_3$가 신선한 모암에 비해 비지대에 집적되는데 이는 단층운동과 이에 수반된 유체들의 활동이 활발했음을 이야기 해준다. 단층 비지 물질의 X-선회절분석 결과 관찰되는 광물은 석영, 장석, 방해석과 점토광물이고, 점토광물은 대부분 스멕타이트이며 (060) 회절선의 값은 평균 1.50 $\AA$으로써 이팔면체 구조를 가진다. 전자현미분석 결과 비지대 및 모암내 다양한 종류의 황화, 탄산염 및 인산염광물들이 관찰된다. 상천단층 회색 비지대의 제노타임, 입실단층 접촉부 안산암과 왕산단층 접촉부 회색 안산암의 황화광물은 제4기 이전의 단층운동과 관련된 열수의 유입으로 인해 생성된 것으로 추측 된다. 입실 접촉부 안산암과 비지대의 맥상의 탄산염광물은 제4기 이전의 단층운동과 관련된 유체에 의해 생성되었고, 이들 탄산염광물이 물리적으로 심하게 파쇄되어 있으며 탄산염광물 가장자리에 반응연이 있는 것으로 보아 탄산염광물이 생성되고 난 후에도 단층운동과 유체의 활동이 활발했음을 알 수 있다. 왕산단층의 맥상의 방해석은 제4기 단층운동과 동시기 또는 후기에 생성된 것으로 볼 수 있다.>${\mu}c$-Si:H의 Ea 가 가장 낮은 것을 관찰 할 수 있었다.s derived by combining the numerous rainfall-runoff data. The conclusions are as follows; 1)The oscillations in the derived unit hydrograph are reduced by combining the data from each flood event. 2) The reciprocals of the minimum eigen\value of XTX, 1/k and the condition number CN are increased when the oscillations are active in the derived unit hydrograph. 3)The parameter estimates are validated by extending the model to the Soyang river Dam site with elimination of the autocorrelation in the disturbances. Finally, this paper illustrates the application of the multiple regression model to drive an optimal unit hydrograph dealing with the multicollinearity and the autocorrelation which cause some problems. 우선적으로 고려하여 사용할 농약을 선택해야 할 것으로 보이나, 그 외 약제의 잔류성, 사용량, 사용시기와 함께