• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.37-42
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• 2018

Background: The Purpose of this study was to evaluate the value of Spencer technique on the range of motion (ROM), Pain, function in patients with shoulder adhesive capsulitis. Methods: subjects consisted of 30patients who were diagnosed shoulder adhesive capsulitis. All subjects are randomly assigned to 2groups: Spencer technique (ST) group (n=15), self assistive ROM exercise(S-A ROM E) group (n=15). The subjects performed an intervention program 30 minuets per day and was repeated 3 times a week for 4 weeks a total of 12 times. ROM of flexion, abduction, external rotation, internal rotation were measured using a goniometer. The visual analog scale (VAS), Shoulder pain and disability index (SPADI) were used to measure pain, functional ability. Results: In the intergroup comparisons after the intervention, ROM of flexion, abduction, internal rotation, VAS, SPADI were significantly different(p<.05). Spencer technique was more effective for improving ROM, pain, functional ability than self assistive ROM exercise. Conclusions: Our study suggest that considering Spencer technique for the patient with shoulder adhesive capsulitis. Further studies on Spencer technique are needed in the future.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.57-63
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• 2014

Background: To compare the effect of different starting periods of rehabilitative exercise (early or delayed passive exercise) on the rate of retear and other clinical outcomes after the arthroscopic repair of the rotator cuff. Methods: In total, 103 patients who underwent arthroscopic repair of the rotator cuff were included in the study. Determined at 2 weeks post-operation, patients who were incapable of passive forward elevation greater than $90^{\circ}$ were allotted to the early exercise group (group I: 79 patients; 42 males, 37 females), whilst those capable were allotted to the delayed exercise group (group II: 24 patients; 14 males, 10 females). The group I started passive exercise, i.e. stretching, within 2 weeks of operation, whilst group II started within 6 weeks. The results were compared on average 15.8 months (11-49 months) post-operation using the passive range of motion, the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) pain score, and the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) and Constant scores. Stiffness was defined as passive forward elevation or external rotation of less than $30^{\circ}C$ compared to the contralateral side. Follow-up magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was carried out on average 1 year post-operation and the rate of retear was compared with Sugaya's criteria. Results: There were no differences between the two groups in gender, age, smoking, presence of diabetes, arm dominance, period of tear unattended, pre-operative range of motion, shape and size of tear, degree of tendon retraction, and tendon quality. There were no significant differences in clinical outcomes. Whilst stiffness was more frequent in group II (p-value 0.03), retear was more frequent in group I (p-value 0.028) according to the MRI follow-up. Conclusions: During rehabilitation after the arthroscopic repair of the rotator cuff, the delay of passive exercise seems to decrease the rate of retear but increase the risk of stiffness.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.67-75
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a functional movement correction exercise on the functional movement screen scores of badminton players. Methods: The participants consisted of 25 badminton players who were randomly assigned to an experimental group (n = 13) or a control group (n = 12); they engaged in exercise three times per week for eight weeks. The experimental group engaged in the functional movement correction exercise, while the control group engaged in general exercise. An FMS kit (USA) was used to measure the following: FMS score, deep squat, hurdle step, in-line lunge, shoulder mobility, active straight leg raise, trunk stability push up, and rotary stability. Results: The FMS score, deep squat, hurdle step, in-line lunge, shoulder mobility, active straight leg raise, and trunk stability push up, and rotary stability showed significant improvement in the experimental group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The experiment confirmed that the functional movement screen scores of badminton players improve with effective exercise interventions.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2021.07a
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• pp.301-302
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• 2021

현재 어깨상해는 많은 운동 참여자에게 빈번히 발생하는 질환이다. 운동 동작 시 올바르지 못한 어깨정렬로 인해 어깨의 안정성이 저해되고 그로인해 다양한 상해들이 유발되어진다. 운동 동작 시 팔꿈치와 손목간의 올바른 정렬은 어깨 안정성에 중요한 요소이다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 팔꿈치보호대와 손목밴드에 센서를 부착하여 웨어러블 장비와 함께 융복합 IT기술을 기반으로 하여 팔꿈치와 손목간의 정상범위를 직관적으로 제시하여 동적 운동 상황에서의 상해를 예방하고자 한다.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.71-82
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• 2005

The couple force of the scapular stabilizers for upward rotation that include the upper and lower trapezius, serratus anterior muscles is essential to maintain the stability of shoulder joint. But if there is an imbalance of these muscles, it would occur many problems of shoulder joint. A push-up plus exercise with an unstable support is used in order to increase the muscle activity and stimulate the proprioception of shoulder joint. The purpose of this study was to compare the muscle activity of upper and lower trapezius, serratus anterior muscles and to determine which exercise is more effective when subjects perform push-up plus exercise in the stable support and unstable support. 15 healthy subjects and 15 painful subjects with injury of shoulder joint participated in this study. Surface electromyography data were collected during plus phase of push-up plus exercise. The types of push-up plus exercise were composed of three conditions. Stable type is subjects performed the push-up plus exercise on the fixed support and unstable type 1 is on the sling without shaking and unstable type 2 is on the sling with shaking by tester's manual. The upper and lower trapezius activities of injured group were higher than uninjured group at three measure conditions, but serratus anterior activities were not. The UT/SA ratio of injured group was higher than uninjured group at three measure conditions. The serratus anterior activities were most high at unstable 2 measure in both groups. The UT/SA ratio was most low at unstable 2 measure condition in injured group only. The present result revealed that push-up plus exercise in the unstable support with shaking which took most high serratus anterior activities and most low of UT/SA ratio is optimal cure method that can improve the imbalance of the scapular stabilizer.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.35-50
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• 2001

The purposes of this study were to investigate the therapeutic effects of an early exercise program after mastectomy and to provide the early exercise program protocol for patients who had undergone mastectomy. The subjects were seventy women who were diagnosed with breast cancer. They were randomly as signed either to a experimental group (n=35) that received early postoperative exercise program or to a control group (n=35) that received only education by nurses. Data were obtained for each patient from goniometric measurements of shoulder flexion, abduction, external rotation, 10 elements of functional performance, and subjective pain evaluation using visual analogue scale (VAS). All variables were measured preoperatively, three days postoperatively, and one month postoperatively. Data were compared by groups using independent t-test and Mann-Whitney U test for parametric or non-parametric data, respectively. There were no significant differences between the groups for all variables preoperatively and at three days postoperatively. But there were significant differences at one month postoperatively. The experimental group showed a statistically significant increases in shoulder flexion, abduction, and external rotation and in the pain VAS at one month postoperatively (p<.05). Also, at one month postoperatively, the experimental group had less difficulty with three elements of functional performance-doing up a 'back' zippered article of clothing, reaching the ipsilateral scapula, and contralateral scapula with the fingers on the operated side-than the control group (p<.05). The results of this study suggest that, after mastectomy, the early exercise program conducted by a well-trained physical therapist can make a significant contribution to the return of more normal shoulder function and activities of daily living and to an increased quality of life.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.61-70
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• 2017

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of therapeutic massage and Mckenzie exercise on pain and range of motion in chronic neck pain patient: a case study. Method : A Twenty-year old female subject with chronic neck pain was selected, she received therapeutic massage and Mckenzie exercise for 30 minutes a day, three days a week for five weeks. Pain was measured visual analog scale(VAS), neck disability index(NDI) and the Copenhagen neck functional disability scale (CNFDS). Range of motion was measured using a goniometer(shoulder joint) and the CROM Deluxe(cervical range of motion instrument). Result : VAS, NDI and CNFDS were decreased 3 score, 4 score and 6 score(respectively) than before the training. The range of motion was increased in shoulder joint and neck movement than before the training. Conclusion : The massage and Mckenzie exercise increased range of motion in shoulder joint and neck movement, and decreased neck pain in chronic neck pain patient. Additional research on therapeutic massage and Mckenzie exercise for improving pain and range of motion is need.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.57-66
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• 2016

Background: For the treatment of forward head posture (FHP) and forward shoulder posture, methods for strengthening scapular retractors and deep cervical flexors and stretching pectoralis and upper cervical extensors are generally used. No study has yet assessed whether suboccipital release (SR) followed by cranio-cervical flexion exercise (CCFE) (SR-CCFE) will result in a positive change in the shoulders and neck, showing a "downstream" effect. Objects: The purpose of this study was to investigate the immediate effects of SR-CCFE on craniovertebral angle (CVA), shoulder abduction range of motion (ROM), shoulder pain, and muscle activities of upper trapezius (UT), lower trapezius (LT), and serratus anterior (SA) and LT/UT and SA/UT muscle activity ratios during maximal shoulder abduction in subjects with FHP. Methods: In total, 19 subjects (7 males, 12 females) with FHP were recruited. The subject performed the fifth phase of CCFE immediately after receiving SR. CVA, shoulder abduction ROM, shoulder pain, muscle activities of UT, LT, and SA, and LT/UT and SA/UT muscle activity ratios during maximal shoulder abduction were measured immediately after SR-CCFE. A paired t-test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test were used to determine the significance of differences in scores between pre- and post-intervention in the same group. Results: The CVA (p<.001) and shoulder abduction ROM (p<.001) were increased significantly post-versus pre-intervention. Shoulder pain was decreased significantly (p<.001), and LT (p<.05) and SA (p<.05) muscle activities were increased significantly post- versus pre-intervention. The LT/UT muscle activity ratio was increased significantly post- versus pre-intervention (p<.05). However, there was no significant change in UT muscle activity and SA/UT muscle activity ratio between pre- and post-intervention (p>.05). Conclusion: SR-CCFE was an effective intervention to improve FHP and induce downstream effect from the neck to the trunk and shoulders in subjects with FHP.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.345-349
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• 2010

Good health-related quality of life is regarded as the goal of elderly residential care. Treatment for breast cancer produces side effects that diminish functional capacity and quality of life among survivors. Tai-Chi exercise offers the benefits of fitness and health. Tai-chi has been claimed to generate beneficial effects with respect to a wide range of diseases. The object of this research is to evaluate the effects of tai chi exercise on shoulder joint movement and cardiovascular function in elderly breast cancer patients. The subjects were 40 patients residing in B metropolitan city, who had undergone surgery for breast cancer within 2 months. They underwent post-operative radiotherapy and an anti-cancer chemical treatment. They practiced tai-chi exercise for 60 min a day, four times a week for 12 weeks under the direction of a special tai-chi instructor. Shoulder joint movement and heart rate, were measured before and after the experiment. The results were as follows; Shoulder joint movement, including flexion, extention, adduction and abduction, significantly increased (p<0.05) after treatment, and heart rates significantly decreased after treatment (p<0.05). From the results, Tai-Chi exercise was shown to be extremely effective in improving shoulder joint movement and heart rate in elderly breast cancer patients. Further study is needed in this area.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.491-500
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of resistive exercise using an elastic band on range of motion, function and shoulder pain. Methods: Forty two subjects who had rotator cuff surgery were assigned either to a treatment or a comparison group, twenty one each. Following a six week period after surgery those in the treatment group participated in resistant exercise using an elastic band for four weeks. The subjects in the comparison group did not participate in the exercise program. The goniometer measured range of motion, a modified tool measured function, and a self report numerical rating scale measured pain. The data were analyzed using $x^2$ test, Fisher's exact, t-test and the Mann-Whitney Test. Results: Although not statistically significant, there was a trend that more subjects in the treatment group had increased range of motion. There was a statistically significance among the treatment group in terms of increased function (p=.015). Further the treatment group reported less pain that those in the comparison group (p<.001). Conclusion: The findings support that resistance exercise is an effective strategy for patients with rotator cuff repair.