• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.194-200
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• 2013

Korean red ginseng (KRG) is prepared by the process of steaming the roots of Panax ginseng. In this study, the feeding effects of KRG-water extract (KRGE) on ethanol-induced liver damage were elucidated by measuring serum biomarkers in rats. Serum ${\gamma}$-glutamyltranspeptidase (g-GT) activity and the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) were significantly increased by short-term and long-term ethanol treatment in rats, whereas the activities of serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT) and glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT) did not respond. Pretreatment with KRGE maintained the activity of serum GPT, and the MDA concentration induced by short-term ethanol ingestion remained within the normal range. However, co-feeding of KRGE to rats decreased the concentration of MDA but failed to modulate the serum ${\gamma}$-GT activity induced by long-term ethanol treatment. Our studies suggest that in rats, it appears that KRGE does not sufficiently reverse the physiological response evoked by long-term ethanol ingestion to maintain normal conditions, in view of the serum biomarker ${\gamma}$-GT, regardless of KRGE's favorable antioxidant activity.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.1-17
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• 2002

This study was attempted to identify the liquidity trends and determinants of private hospitals in Korea different. Data used in this study were collected from 98 hospitals with complete general data of present conditions as well as financial statements(balance sheets, income statements). They were chosen from hospitals that passed the standardization audit undertaken by the Korean Hospital Association from 1996 to 2000 for the purpose of accrediting training hospitals. The dependent variables in this study were used current ration and quick ratio as a proxy indicator for liquidity. The independent variables were ownership type, hospital type, location, bed size, period of establishment, short-term liabilities to total assets, long-term liabilities to total assets, borrowings to total assets, fixed asset ration, net profit to total assets, operating margin to gross revenue, growth rate of net worth to total assets, total asset turnover, and business risk(volatility of profit). The major findings of this study were as follows. Trends of liquidity(current ratio, quick ratio) had been continuously decreased. Especially, There were very distinct decreasing trends of personal hospitals and less than 300beds, which weakened liquidity. The factors had significant effect on current ratio were short-term debt to total assets(-), fixed asset ratio(-), business risk(+). High short-term debt to total assets, high fixed asset ratio and high business risk significantly decreased in liquidity. The factors that significantly affected on quick ratio were short-term debt to total assets(-), borrowings to total assets(+), fixed asset ratio(-), business risk(+).

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.20 no.9
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• pp.1567-1573
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• 2017

The k-nearest neighbor (k-NN) algorithm is one of the most widely used benchmark algorithm in classification. Nowadays it has been further applied to predict time series. However, one of the main concerns of the algorithm applied on short-term electricity load forecasting is high computational burden. In the paper, we propose an approach of dimension reduction that follows the principles of highlighting the temperature effect on electricity load data series. The results show the proposed approach is able to reduce the dimension of the data around 30%. Moreover, with temperature effect highlighting, the approach will contribute to finding similar days accurately, and then raise forecasting accuracy slightly.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.249-261
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of short term selp-help education on pain, depression, self-efficacy, and quality of life in patients having chronic arthritis. This program was carried out 3 hrs per week for 4 weeks by 3 small groups among 10 patients. Research design was a quasi-experimental study of nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. The subject of this study were 10 of experimental group and 10 of control group. Before and after 4 weeks program, quality of life, self-efficacy, depression, pain, ADL were measured. As a result, it was confirmed the self-help education was effective to increase quality of life, but self-efficacy, depression, pain, ADL were not improved. This suggests the replicate study to examine the effect of self-help education with the large samples of subjects having chronic arthritis.

• Korean Journal of Communication Studies
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.165-193
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• 2010

The current study has significance in that it increases our understanding of BPL effectiveness by adding long-term memory dependent variables to widely used short-term memory variables. Furthermore, two unit of analysis of the current study, subject and BPL, made richer analysis possible as compared to previous studies. The result showed that BPL was effective in short-term recognition(52.8% of BPLs), long-term recognition(44.4% of BPLs), and long-term recall(30.6% of BPLs). The further result showed that audiovisual BPL, closeup BPL, long-exposed brand, leading actor using brand were more effective than other kinds of BPL. On the other hand, preference for the movie and preference for the actor were not significant factors in increasing people's memory of the brand name. Future researchers should settle the confusion existed in this field by inventing a more elaborate research design and exploring mediating and moderating variables in the subject of BPL effectiveness.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.35-40
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• 2000

The influence of cyclic loading history on the creep behavior of the 30 vol% hot-pressed $SiC_f/Si_3N_4copmposite was experimentally investigated at $1200^{\circ}C$. The duration of loading/unloading had great effects on the creep behaviors. The short term duration cyclic loading history test results showed significant reduction in the primary and steady-state creep rates. For example, 300sec loading/300sec unloading history resulted in 70% lower steady-state creep rate than that of the continuous loading. However the long term duration cyclic loading history test results showed little change in creep rates compared to those of the continuous one. The reason for the significant change in the short term duration cycles was estimated due to the change in the stress redistribution between the fiber and matrix during the creep recovery in the primary stage.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.22 no.11
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• pp.1509-1517
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• 2013

So far, most studies associated with soil carbon sequestration have been focused on long term aspect. However, information regarding soil carbon sequestration in short term aspect is limited. This study was conducted to determine changes of soil organic carbon content and stability of carbon in response to compost application rate and tillage management during rice growing season(150 days) in short term aspect. Under pot experiment condition, compost was mixed with an arable soil at rates corresponding to 0, 6, 12, and 24 Mg/ha. To determine effect of tillage on soil carbon sequestration, till and no-till treatments were set up in soils amended with application rate of 12 Mg/ha. Compost application and tillage management did not significantly affect soil organic carbon(SOC) content in soil at harvest time. Bulk density of soil was not changed significantly with compost application and tillage management. These might result from short duration of experiment. While hot water extractable organic carbon(HWEOC) content decreased with compost application, humic substances(HS) increased. Below ground biomass of rice increased with application of compost and till operation. From the above results, continuos application of compost and reduce tillage might improve increase in soil organic carbon content and stability of carbon in long term aspect.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.157-172
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• 2020

Purpose - This research empirically proves the extent to which export insurance promotes Korean exports to research object countries among New Southern countries. The outcome of this research will present implications for the operations of export insurance for exports to these countries. Design/methodology - For the empirical analysis, the export equation was composed using a basic gravity model. Based on this, the determinants of Korea's exports to research object countries were analyzed. In this study, a panel unit root test and panel cointegration test were conducted. As a result of the panel unit root test, it was confirmed that the variables of the panel data are not belonging to I(0), but to I(1). As a result of the panel cointegration test, it was established that there are long-term stable relationships among all variables. Accordingly, the gravity model was estimated using original data in order to reduce the information loss caused by the first difference, in spite of individual data belonging to I(1). Findings - For the estimated results of panel OLS, the estimated coefficient of short-term export insurance was 0.56-0.64, with statistically significant results at the significance level of 1%. In addition, for the analysis results of the random effect model, the estimated coefficient of short-term export insurance was 0.59-0.64%, with a statistically significant result at the 1% significance level. This could indicate that Korean export insurance has positive influences on export promotion to New Southern countries. Originality/value - The research implies that export insurance has a 4.1 to 4.7 multiplier effect in expanding exports to the New Southern countries for Korea. This research has intensively analyzed the effects of export insurance on the promotion of exports to a selected area by a government foreign economic policy, which is the originality and value of this paper.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.165-170
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• 2021

This study analyzed the effect of housing price changes on the performance of Korean regional banks using DOLS model. The analysis shows that housing price changes does not have a statistically significant effect on the loan growth, profitability and soundness of regional banks. Among macroeconomic variables, only short-term interest rates have a significant positive effect on any model. This means that a rise in short-term interest rates significantly increases loans by regional banks, which leads to a significant increase in profitability, but has a significant negative impact on soundness. On the other hand, bank characteristics variables are found to have a significant negative effect on the loan growth, profitability and soundness of Korean regional banks.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.37-58
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• 1997

An AI approach with tabu search is designed to solve multi-level knapsack problems. The approach performs intelligent actions with memories of historic data and learning effect. These action are developed ont only by observing the attributes of the optimal solution, the solution space, and its corresponding path to the optimal, but also by applying human intelligence, experience, and intuition with respect to the search strategies. The approach intensifies, or diversifies the search process appropriately in time and space. In order to create a good neighborhood structure, this approach uses two powerful choice rules that emphasize the impact of candidate variables on the current solution with respect to their profit contribution. "Pseudo moves", similar to "aspirations", support these choice rules during the evaluation process. For the purpose of visiting as many relevant points as possible, strategic oscillation between feasible and infeasible solutions around the boundary is applied. To avoid redundant moves, short-term (tabu-lists), intemediate-term (cycle-detection), and long-term (recording frequency and significant solutions for diversfication) memories are used. Test results show that among the 45 generated problems (these problems pose significant or insurmountable challenges to exact methods) the approach produces the optimal solutions in 39 cases.lutions in 39 cases.