• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.233-241
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• 2007

Circulation planning for exhibition space depends on visitors, exhibition documents and exhibition space. To make visitors feel sympathy for the exhibition and meet visitors' movement and its spatial factors in the exhibition, guidelines for the planning layout of exhibition and exhibition space are needed. This research was aimed at gathering guidelines about the circulation planning for exhibition space for visitors who can acquire exhibition information in a natural way and enjoy the whole aspect of exhibition or enjoy preferential exhibition by investigating and analyzing viewing types of visitors, layout of exhibition and space unit exhibition. The result of this research was summarized as the following. 1) It needs optional viewing space large enough to be seen clearly so that all exhibition space can be seen at a glance at the main entrance of exhibition. 2) Layout of exhibition is needed for island-exhibition position and optional space preparation, when visitors pass by an article on exhibition short-cut. 3) Layout of exhibition is needed for double sided exhibition.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2006년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2006 PORSEC Volume I
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• pp.352-355
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• 2006

In this study, the seasonal and inter-annual variation of sea surface current in the Gulf of Thailand were revealed through the use of WOD temperature and salinity data and monthly sea surface dynamic heights (SSDH) from TOPEX/Poseidon and ERS-2 altimetry data during 1995-2001. The mean dynamic height and mean geostrohic current were derived from the climatological data while SSDH data gave monthly dynamic heights and their geopstrophic currents. The mean geostrophic current showed strong southward and westward flow of South China Sea water along the gulf entrance. Counterclockwise eddy in the inner gulf and the western side of the gulf entrance associated with upwelling in the area. Seasonal geostrophic currents show basin-wide counterclockwise circulation during the southwest monsoon season and clockwise circulation during the northeast monsoon season. Upwelling was enhanced during the southwest monsoon season. The circulation patterns varied seasonally and inter-annually probably due to the variation in wind regime. And finally we found that congregation, spawning, and migration routes of short-bodied mackerel conform well with coastal upwelling and surface circulation in the gulf.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.271-286
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• 2016

We evaluate the temperature and salinity fields in the East Sea reproduced by the global ocean reanalysis data using HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM for short). Temporal correlation of Sea Surface Temperature (SST) change between HYCOM and the Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature (GHRSST) are higher in summer than winter. Though distributions of temperature and salinity in the HYCOM are similar to those from historical data (World Ocean Atlas 2013 V2), salinity in the HYCOM is lower (highter) in the region where the salinity is high (low). Temperature fields in the Ulleung basin of HYCOM are quite similar to those derived from Pressure-recording Inverted Echo Sounder (PIES), such as the correlation coefficient is higher than 0.7. This indicates that the HYCOM represents well the circulation and meso-scale phenomena in the Ulleung basin.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.83-90
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• 2008

This study attempts to understand the arrangement and spatial requisites of art pieces by materializing the visitors' path of movement in the exhibition space, as well as researching their behavior. The purpose of the research is to the guideline for planning the exhibition layout and visitors' circulation can be derived in order to correspond to the visitors' characteristic of movement and circulation-path choice. Although such guideline may have limited use, it is still significant enough to be studied. Taking three Korean art galleries as the subjects of research, this study observes the arrangement of art pieces, movement path of visitors, characteristics of the visitors' behavior and the duration time a visitor takes to view an art piece without moving around in order to understand the arrangement and spatial requisites of art pieces which correspond to the visitors' behavior. The following results have been drawn in this research and analysis; First, when there is an island type exhibition other than the ordinary on-the-wall display in the exhibition space, the visitors' choice of path changes. In short, an island type exhibition seems to be a factor that changes the visitors' path. Second, in the entrance of an exhibition space unit, most of the visitors seem to choose a path which moves counter-clockwise. Third, it is considered that well-known art pieces or art pieces with a big size shall not be displayed on the comer of the exhibition room.

• 전력전자학회:학술대회논문집
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• 전력전자학회 2012년도 전력전자학술대회 논문집
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• pp.81-82
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• 2012

A novel kind of switched reluctance motor (SRM) with short flux path is proposed in this paper. Phase excitation in the SRM gives short flux paths, hence reducing the magnetomotive force required to drive the machine, resulting in significant reduction of copper wire and core losses compared to the typical SRM with diametric circulation of magnetic flux. To verify the performance, the characteristics analysis of a double stator SRM, a 6/5 SRM with C-core structure and a 4/5 two-phase SRM which all composed of short flux path and a comparison with conventional SR motors are executed.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제62권4호
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• pp.99-110
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• 2020

The objective of this study is to analyze the trend of changes in the water circulation rates under climate change by adopting the concept of WCR defined by the Ministry of Environment. With the need for sound water circulation recovery, the MOE proposed the idea of WCR as (1-direct flow/precipitation). The guideline for calculating WCR suggests the SCS method, which is only suitable for short term rainfall events. However, climate change, which affects WCR significantly, is a global phenomenon and happens gradually over a long period. Therefore, long-term trends in WCRs should also be considered when analyzing changes in WCR due to climate change. RCP (Representative Concentration Pathway) 4.5 and 8.5 scenarios were used to simulate future runoff. SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) was run under the future daily data from GCMs (General Circulation Models) after the calibration. In 2085s, monthly WCR decreased by 4.2-9.9% and 3.3-8.7% in April and October. However, the WCR in the winter increased as the precipitation during the winter decreased compared to the baseline. In the aspect of yearly WCR, the value showed a decrease in most GCMs in the mid-long future. In particular, in the case of the RCP 8.5 scenario, the WCR reduced 2-3 times rapidly than the RCP 4.5 scenario. The WCR of 2055s did not significantly differ from the 2025s, but the value declined by 0.6-2.8% at 2085s.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.171-178
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• 2004

A thesis presented on the study of visitors circulation character, and components in an exhibition space in museums. A behavior ethogram is an investigational tool of tracing examination of visitors. An exhibition layout and behavior characters of exhibition viewing in the configuration of exhibition space are planned by using the method of the behavior ethogram. As time goes by an expansion of a museums concept and changing roles are more extroversive and constructive than the past. It will reflect the phases of the times and show several different aspects. The reflection of the changing circumstance will have to examine an each relationship between exhibition data, exhibition spaces and visitors In the beginning of a plan of the museum. However, the study of a unique behavior pattern and character which are made by moving visitors themselves are quietly not enough studied. The exhibition layout which is considerably examined by the viewing behavior of visitors in act response and a following circulation of viewing have a lack of precise directions and examples. In short, this study ultimately represents to grasp the meaning of the behavior characters of viewing. Furthermore, the basic directions in the museums plan are carefully considered by the reflection of exhibition circulation.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.256-263
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• 2002

The Boil-Off-Gases(BOG) in the LNG production terminal are continuously generated during the unloading, storage and supply processes by the heat penetration. In order to use these gases as useful fuel, the reliquefaction process should be installed to put the reliquefied BOG in the main LNG supply line before the secondary pump in terminal. The current reliquefaction method of BOG in LNG terminal is the direct contact one between LNG and BOG in the absorption column. But the system has severe disadvantage, which is the 10 times of LNG circulation needed for unit mass of BOG reliquefaction. It causes, therefore, high power consumption of LNG circulation pump and excessive city-gas supply, even if short demand of NG is needed in the summer time. In this paper, the new reliquefaction system of BOG by using LNG cold energy with indirect contact in precooler was suggested and analysed. The result showed new indirect contact method of BOG reliquefaction system between LNG cold energy and BOG is much more effective than the current direct contact one because of only about 1.3 times of LNG circulation needed and higher energy saving by pump power reduction.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.91-97
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• 2021

Background In postaxial polysyndactyly of the foot, the choice of which toe to excise is controversial. It is often treated by resection of the fifth toe to save the lateral neurovascular bundles of the sixth toe. However, the sixth toe is often short and laterally deviated, which may require wedge osteotomy, potentially shortening the phalanx and compromising circulation. This study outlines an individualized method to spare the length and axis of the fifth toe in polysyndactyly with a short and deviated sixth toe. Methods We retrospectively analyzed 38 patients who underwent surgery between 2006 and 2019. The fifth toe was spared in 18 cases, and the sixth toe in 20 cases. The ratios of the forefoot width, angle difference, and toe length were compared between the affected and unaffected sides postoperatively. Complications and subjective judgments on cosmetic results were recorded and compared. Results No significant between-group differences were observed for sex, age at surgery, or the follow-up period. The forefoot width ratio did not significantly differ between the groups. However, the angle difference and toe length ratios showed significantly better results in the fifth toe-spared group than in the sixth toe-spared group (P<0.05 and P<0.01, respectively). There were no cases of impaired circulation, and subjective evaluations revealed satisfactory results in the fifth toe-spared group. Conclusions In cases with short and deviated sixth toes, sparing the fifth toe is an effective method of cosmetic treatment. The surgical results were satisfactory, with an improved appearance and no residual deformities.

• Journal of the korean society of oceanography
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.212-218
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• 1998

Three different outflow boundary conditions are considered in modeling the East Sea circulation. The first one is that of the conventional constant volume transport (CT). The second one is the Orlanski radiation boundary condition (OR). The third one is that of the constant sea level just outside the outflow boundary (SL). In the third condition, the outflow current is set to be driven by the sea level differences across the outflow open-boundary lines, based on the recent knowledge that the Tsushima Current is driven by the sea level differences across the inflow and outflow boundaries. In case of OR it takes too much time to reach the steady state, resulting in a large increase of Tsushima Current Water in the basin and low level of kinetic energy. Both CT and SL reach the steady state in a relatively short time. However, SL is more recommendable, because it is based on physical background and generates less numerical noises than CT.