• 제목/요약/키워드: Shore level

검색결과 127건 처리시간 0.026초

Sediments of the Continental Shelf off the Southern Coasts of Korea

  • Park, Yong Ahn;Song, Moo Young
    • 한국해양학회지
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    • 제6권1호
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    • pp.16-24
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    • 1971
  • Over 40 bottom sediment samples were collected from the southern sea of Korea. The detailed textural characteristic of the sediments, percent calcium carbonate and heavy and light mineralogy were determined. Seaward of these sediments is a nearly broad belt of sandy sediments. In a broad outline it is considered to constitute a near-shore deposits left from a Pleistocene time of eustatically lowered level of sea water, because the sediments on the outer half of the continental shelf are much coarser than that nearer shore. The carbonate content increases strongly to the southeast and northwest of Cheju Island. It is believed that the high calcium carbonate content can be largely attributed to the availability of carbonate materials.

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봄철 강수량 및 강수효율의 지역적 특성별 변화분석 (Analyzing the Variability of Spring Precipitation and Rainfall Effectiveness According to the Regional Characteristics)

  • 김광섭;김종필;이기춘
    • 한국농공학회논문집
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    • 제53권3호
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    • pp.1-11
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    • 2011
  • The temporal variability of spring (March, April, May) monthly precipitation, precipitation effectiveness, monthly maximum precipitation, monthly precipitation of different durations, and the precipitation days over several threshold (i.e. 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 mm/day) of 59 weather stations between 1973 and 2009 were analyzed. Also to analyze the regional characteristics of temporal variability, 59 weather stations were classified by elevations, latitudes, longitudes, river basins, inland or shore (east sea, south sea, west sea) area and the level of urbanization. Results demonstrated that trends of variables increase in April and decrease in May except precipitation day. Overall trend of precipitation amount and precipitation effectiveness is same but precipitation effectiveness of several sites decrease despite the trend of precipitation amount increases which may be caused by the air temperature increase. Therefore more effective water supply strategy is essential for Spring season. Regional characteristics of Spring precipitation variability can be summarized that increase trend during May become stronger with the increase of latitude and elevation which is similar to that of Summer season. The temporal variability of variables showed different behaviors according to river basins, inland or shore (east sea, south sea, west sea) area and the level of urbanization.

A Medium-Voltage Matrix Converter Topology for Wind Power Conversion with Medium Frequency Transformers

  • Gu, Chunyang;Krishnamoorthy, Harish S.;Enjeti, Prasad N.;Zheng, Zedong;Li, Yongdong
    • Journal of Power Electronics
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    • 제14권6호
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    • pp.1166-1177
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    • 2014
  • A new type of topology with medium-frequency-transformer (MFT) isolation for medium voltage wind power generation systems is proposed in this paper. This type of converter is a high density power conversion system, with high performance features suitable for next generation wind power systems in either on-shore or off-shore applications. The proposed topology employs single-phase cascaded multi-level AC-AC converters on the grid side and three phase matrix converters on the generator side, which are interfaced by medium frequency transformers. This avoids DC-Link electrolytic capacitors and/or resonant L-C components in the power flow path thereby improving the power density and system reliability. Several configurations are given to fit different applications. The modulation and control strategy has been detailed. As two important part of the whole system, a novel single phase AC-AC converter topology with its reliable six-step switching technique and a novel symmetrical 11-segment modulation strategy for two stage matrix converter (TSMC) is proposed at the special situation of medium frequency chopping. The validity of the proposed concept has been verified by simulation results and experiment waveforms from a scaled down laboratory prototype.

NoD서비스용 멀티미디어 데이터의 효율적인 저장 및 검색을 위한 하부저장 관리자의 설계 및 구현 (Design and Implementation of a Low-level Storage Manager for Efficient Storage and Retrieval of Multimedia Data in NOD Services)

  • 진기성;정재욱;장재우
    • 한국정보처리학회논문지
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    • 제7권4호
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    • pp.1033-1043
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    • 2000
  • 최근 NoD(News-on-Demand)에 대한 사용자의 요구가 증가함에 따라, 이러한 요구를 충족시키기 위한 많은 연구가 진행중에 있다. 그러니 뉴스 비디오 데디터는 짧은 생명주기, 앵커를 중시미으로 한 주기적 변화로인해 기존의 비디오 저장방식을 그대로 용하기가 어렵다. 이릉 위해, 본 논문에서는 NoD서비스용 멀티미디어 데이터의 효율적인 저장 및 검색을 위한 하부저장 관리자를 설계 및 구현하다. 하부 저장 관리자는 멀티미디어 객체 지체의 비디오 스트림 데이터와 색인 정보를 효율적으로 저장하고 관리하며, 텍스트 기반 검색을 위해 역화일 기법과 고차훤 특징 벡터의 색인을 위해 X-트리 구조를 제공한다. 아울러 하부 저장 관리자는 계층적인 뉴스 비디오 객체로부터 추출된 부가적인 정보들은 효율적으로 저장할 수 있는 저장 API(Application Program Interpace)와 커서를 통한 사용자의 편리한 검색을 지원하는 검색API를 제공한다. 마지막으로 하부 저장 관리자는 SHORE(Scalable Heterogeneous Object REpository) 저장 시스템을 이용하여 UNLX 운영체제 하엣 표준 C++언어를 사용하여 구현하였다. 구현하였다.

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금강하구둑 배수갑문 조작에 의한 상류수역의 수위변동 (Variation of Water Level on the Upstream Gauging Station by Operation of the Drainage Sluice Gate of Geumgang Estuary Dam)

  • 박승기
    • 한국농공학회논문집
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    • 제47권6호
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    • pp.15-24
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    • 2005
  • The normalization on the characteristics of water level change at the upstream gauging station was attempted according to the operation of drainage sluice gate of the Geumgang estuary dam. The characteristics were normalized by the analysis of water level change and by the linear-regression of the water level data measured at the inner station of Geumgang estuary dam and upstream gauging station. The results of normalization may be referred to the management of Geumgang estuary lake, the operation of pumping and drainage stations in the shore of the lake. The mean response time of water level change on Ibpo, Ganggyeong and Gyuam water level station were 39,81 and 160 minutes, when sluice gate was opened respectively. The mean velocity of surface wave, the mean displacement of water level change, the mean time of water level change and the mean rate of water level change varied largely depending on the location of gauging station and the characteristics of stream section of the water level gauging station.

Occurrence and diet analysis of sea turtles in Korean shore

  • Kim, Jihee;Kim, Il-Hun;Kim, Min-Seop;Lee, Hae Rim;Kim, Young Jun;Park, Sangkyu;Yang, Dongwoo
    • Journal of Ecology and Environment
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    • 제45권4호
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    • pp.203-217
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    • 2021
  • Background: Sea turtles, which are globally endangered species, have been stranded and found as bycatch on the Korean shore recently. More studies on sea turtles in Korea are necessary to aid their conservation. To investigate the spatio-temporal occurrence patterns of sea turtles on the Korean shore, we recorded sampling locations and dates, identified species and sexes and measured sizes (maximum curved carapace length; CCL) of collected sea turtles from the year 2014 to 2020. For an analysis of diets through stomach contents, we identified the morphology of the remaining food and extracted DNA, followed by amplification, cloning, and sequencing. Results: A total of 62 stranded or bycaught sea turtle samples were collected from the Korean shores during the study period. There were 36 loggerhead turtles, which were the dominant species, followed by 19 green turtles, three hawksbill turtles, two olive ridley turtles, and two leatherback turtles. The highest numbers were collected in the year 2017 and during summer among the seasons. In terms of locations, most sea turtles were collected from the East Sea, especially from Pohang. Comparing the sizes of collected sea turtles according to species, the average CCL of loggerhead turtles was 79.8 cm, of green turtles was 73.5 cm, and of the relatively large leatherback turtle species was 126.2 cm. In most species, the proportion of females was higher than that of males and juveniles, and was more than 70% across all the species. Food remains were morphologically identified from 19 stomachs, mainly at class level. Seaweeds were abundant in stomachs of green turtles, and Bivalvia was the most detected food item in loggerhead turtles. Based on DNA analysis, food items from a total of 26 stomachs were identified to the species or genus level. The gulfweed, Sargassum thunbergii, and the kelp species, Saccharina japonica, were frequently detected from the stomachs of green turtles and the jellyfish, Cyanea nozakii, the swimming crab, Portunus trituberculatus, and kelps had high frequencies of occurrences in loggerhead turtles. Conclusions: Our findings support those of previous studies suggesting that sea turtles are steadily appearing in the Korean sea. In addition, we verified that fish and seaweed, which inhabit the Korean sea, are frequently detected in the stomach of sea turtles. Accordingly, there is a possibility that sea turtles use the Korean sea as feeding grounds and habitats. These results can serve as basic data for the conservation of globally endangered sea turtles.

돌산도 모래해안 쇄파대에 사는 저서성 단각류의 겨울철 대상분포 (Winter Zonation of the Benthic Amphipods in the Sandy Shore Surf Zone of Dolsando, Southern Korea)

  • 서해립;유옥환
    • 한국수산과학회지
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    • 제30권3호
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    • pp.340-348
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    • 1997
  • 1993년 1월 소조와 대조때 썰매네트로 돌산도 모래해안 쇄파대 1m 수심의 표층과 저층과 바닷가에서 옆새우 단각류를 채집해서 우점하는 세 종의 대상분포를 비교했다. 단각류는 표층보다는 저층과 바닷가에 많이 나타났다. Pontogenera rostrata와 Allorchestes anusta의 밀도는 저층과 바닷가에서 대조보다 소조때 높았으나, Synchelidium lenorostralum은 소조때 더 낮았다. P. rostrata는 밀물과 썰물에 따라 수평이동을 했으나, S. lenrostralum과 A. angusta는 수평이동을 하지 않았다. 다른 두 종과 달리 P. rostrata는 낮보다는 밤에 유의하게 많이 나타나, 밤에 활발히 이동하는 듯하다. P. rostrata는 밀물때 밤에는 평균해수면 (MSL) 위 100cm까지 나타나지만, 낮에는 MSL 위쪽에 나타나지 않았다 그러나, 썰물때는 낮과 밤 모두 MSL 부근부터 MSL 아래 150cm 사이에 분포했다. S. lenorostralum과 A. angusta는 썰물때만 나타났으며, 분포범위는 전자가 MSL 150cm보다 아래쪽, 후자가 MSL부근부터 MSL 아래 150 cm 사이였다. P. rostrata와 S. lenorostralum과 A. angusta의 최고 밀도는 각각 32, 26, 3마리/$m^2$였다. 그리고, 모래해안에 사는 단각류의 분포양상과 생활양식의 관계를 논의했다.

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안면도 사질 조간대에 서식하는 대형저서동물의 공간분포 및 군집구조 (Spatial Distribution and Community Structure of Macrobenthos on the Sandy Shore of Anmyeondo, Korea)

  • 정윤환;윤건탁;박흥식;마채우
    • Ocean and Polar Research
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    • 제35권1호
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    • pp.27-37
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    • 2013
  • The western coast of Anmyeondo is open toward the Yellow sea and the northern and southern coasts are sandy and have simple coastlines. In this study, we investigated the spatial distribution and community structure of the macrobenthos that inhabit the sandy shore of Anmyeondo. For the study, we chose 8 sites encompassing 44 stations. In total, we have recorded 62 species, and collected 747 inds./$m^2$ on average. Zonation pattern did not appear because the mean grain size and organic contents of the study sites were similar among the macrobenthos. Polychaetes were most frequently recorded, but amphipods appeared in higher mean density. Macrobenthic community is classified into 3 groups largely based on the density difference among the dominant species and the groups were not influenced by environmental factors. The aggregated distribution of macrobenthos did not show a clear regional spatial difference but exhibited classification pattern emphasizing the density difference of the dominant species. The sandy shores of Anmyeondo are relatively more influenced by waves compared to other regions and the sediment moves more due to strong winds, etc. at low tide. We presume that the movement of sediment resulted in a relatively even sedimentary environment and consequently weakened environmental variables that change with the tide level. We concluded that the macrobenthic community does not show the zonation pattern in the sandy shores of Anmyeondo due to such influences.

트레드밀 운동 동안 인솔의 종류가 피로도에 미치는 영향 (Effect of the Fatigue to Insole Types During Treadmill Exercise)

  • 고은혜;최흥식;김택훈;노정석;이강성
    • 한국전문물리치료학회지
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    • 제11권2호
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    • pp.17-25
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    • 2004
  • The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of applied insole types to lower extremities muscle fatigue during treadmill exercise. The control group and each different insole type group consisted of ten healthy male subjects. In the control group and each different insole type (soft type; 10 shore, semi-rigid type; 33 shore, rigid type; 50 shore) treadmill exercise was performed in twenty-five minutes. The electromyography (EMG) signals of four muscle (tibialis anterior, gastrocnemius medialis, rectus femoris, biceps femoris) were recording at sampling rate of 1024 Hz during treadmill exercise. The localized muscle fatigue (LMF) can be investigated using power spectral analysis. When did data analysis that excepted initial five minutes. The raw EMG signals was processed using the fast Fourier Transformation (FFT) and the median power frequency value was determined in initial ten second period and in last ten second period. Fatigue index was calculated and collected data were statistically analyzed by SPSS version 10.0 two-way using analysis of variance (ANOVA) with repeated measures ($4{\times}4$) was used to determine the main effect and interaction. Post hoc was performed with least significant difference. A level of significance was .05. Muscles fatigue index were significantly decreased in insole types (p<.05) and not significantly different in muscle (p>.05). Post hoc analysis shows that fatigue index in soft insole type, semi-rigid insole type and rigid insole type were lower than that control group (p=.028, p=.146, p=.095). There were no interaction between insole type and muscles (p>.05). The finding of this study can be used as a fundamental data when insole is applied and insole can be used to decreased of a fatigue during the dynamic exercise.

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돌산도 모래해안 쇄파대에 나타나는 요각류 Acartia omorii 분포에 미치는 주야$\cdot$조석$\cdot$계절효과 (Diel, Tidal and Seasonal Effects on the Distribution of Acartia omorii (Copepoda: Calanoida) in a Sandy-shore Surf Zone of Dolsan Island)

  • 박은옥;서해립;서호영
    • 한국수산과학회지
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    • 제34권6호
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    • pp.594-599
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    • 2001
  • 돌산도 모래해안 쇄파대에서 셀매네트를 사용하여 1 m 수심의 표층, 저층 그리고 바닷가에서 주야, 조석 계절에 따른 요각류 Acartia omorii이 출현량을 조사하였다. A. omorii의 출현량은 표층과 바닷가에 비해 저층에서 많았으며, 계절별로는 겨울철에 가장 많았다. 또 연구기간 동안 A. omorii의 출현량은 항상 밀물일 때보다 썰물일 때 많이 나타났다. A. omorii의 분포양상은 주야보다 조석 영향이 더 큰 것으로 나타났고, 대조 때는 강한 조류가 주야수직양상에 영향을 나타냈다. 겨울철에는 주야보다 조석주기 영향이 더 큰 것으로 나타났다. 겨울철에 A. omorii는 소조 때 주야수직이동을 하였고, 반면에 대조 때에는 역 주야수직이동을 했다. 소조 때 분포중심은 평균해수면 아래 $50\~100cm$층에 위치했으며, 대조 때는 약간 위쪽으로 분포중심 이 이동했다.

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