• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.498-503
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• 2012

The aim of this study is to compare the total polyphenol, total flavonoid, and antioxidative activity among 5 cultivars of Korean pears cultivated in Korea. As a result of the analysis for the phenolic substance of 5 cultivars, such as Wonwhang, Sunwhang, Whangkeumbae, Chuwhang, and Shingo, the content of total polyphenol was higher in Shingo and Chuwhang, and the content of total flavonoid showed higher levels in Wonwhang and Sunwhang. In addition, this study found that DPPH radical-scavenging ability was the highest in Shingo and that the part of fruit skin showed more favorable reaction to radical ability than fruit flesh. It was also found that much better antioxidative activity was shown for the methanol solvent extraction than for the ethanol solvent extraction. The nitrite-scavenging ability showed the best for Wonwhang and Chuwhang of the cultivars and much better reaction for the methanol solvent extraction than for the ethanol solvent extraction just like the case of DPPH radical-scavenging ability. Further, nitrite-scavenging ability appeared much better reaction for the fruit skin than for the fruit flesh, and antioxidative activity dropped for the higher the range on the pH scale. From the results of this study, Korean pears are worthy of developing as a natural functional food and substance for beauty treatment through the research on bioactivity.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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• 1999.07a
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• pp.290-297
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• 1999

우리나라에서 배는 사과와 더불어 주요 생산 과실중의 하나로 최근 그 소비가 증대되고 있으며, 다른 과실과 달리 가정 소비용은 물론 선물용으로서 대과를 선호하는 과실로서 1998년 현재 국내 과실류의 총 생산면적 176,000㏊ 중 배가 차지하는 면적은 약 1/7에 달하는 25,000㏊이며, 생산량 면에서는 260,000톤에 달한다. (중략)

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2005.09a
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• pp.569-570
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• 2005

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2012.06a
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• pp.513-515
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• 2012

일본의 항만 및 연안에서는 대한민국의 연안 항만 VTS처럼 선박항행지원을 위하여 항외 및 항내에 따라 각 영역별로 VTS 관할구역이 구분되어 있다. 이 중 항내를 관할하는 일본 Port Radio의 업무 내용에 대하여 고찰하고, 이전과 다른 일본 Port Radio의 역할 변화(수역이용 조정 업무, 항공국과의 연대 등)에 따른 발전방향에 대하여 살펴본다. 아울러 일본 Port Radio가 현재 직면하고 있는 운용 요원의 교육훈련과 VTS 의사결정 지원 시스템 도입의 필요성에 대하여 살펴봄으로써 일본 주요 항만의 VTS가 보다 안전하고 효율적으로 운영되는 것을 목적으로 한다.

• International Journal of Fluid Machinery and Systems
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.42-53
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• 2014

Phase resonance in Francis type hydraulic turbine is studied. The phase resonance is a phenomenon that the pressure fluctuation in the penstock of hydraulic turbine installation can become very large when the pressure waves from each guide vane caused by the interaction with the runner vane reach the penstock with the same phase. Experimental and numerical studies have been carried out using a centrifugal fan. In the present study, comparisons between the pump mode and the turbine mode operations are made. The experimental and numerical results show that the rotational direction of the rotor does not affect characteristics of the pressure fluctuation but the propagation direction of the rotorstator interaction mode plays an important role. Flow rate fluctuations through the stator are examined numerically. It has been found that the blade passing flow rate fluctuation component can be evaluated by the difference of the fluctuating pressure at the inlet and the outlet of the stator. The amplitude of the blade passage component of the pressure fluctuation is greater at the stator inlet than the one at the stator outlet. The rotor-stator interaction mode component is almost identical at the inlet and the outlet of the stator. It was demonstrated that the pressure fluctuation in the volute and connecting pipe normalized by the flow rate fluctuation becomes the same for pump and turbine mode operations, and depends on the rotational direction on the interaction mode.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Near Infrared Spectroscopy Conference
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• 2001.06a
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• pp.1264-1264
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• 2001

The affect of surface temperatures of fruits on spectrum which measures actual sugar contents was observed. PLSR was applied to develop the sugar content evaluation system that was not affected by temperature. The reflected spectrum was used at the wavelengths of 654 and 1052nm with the separation distance of 2.5nm. To increase the conformance of a model using unknown samples, let the minimum value of PRESS be an optimum factor. 71 Shingo pears stored in a refrigerator were left in a room temperature for a while and these temperatures and reflected spectrums were measured. Reflected spectrums were measured at the wavelengths of 654 and 1052nm, 3 samples in one second. To measure these at different temperatures, the experiment was repeated hourly and four times. Starting temperatures of 2-3 were increased up to 17. The total number of measured spectrum was 284. To develop a sugar content evaluation system model using measured reflected spectrum, three groups of samples were considered. First group had 51 samples at 14 and second group had 141 samples with lower or higher temperatures than 14. Third group had 155 samples with well distributed temperatures. Other samples were used as validations to ensure the conformance. Measuring the sugar contents of samples with surface temperatures other than 14 were difficult with PLS model I, developed by using a sample temperature of 14. If the sugar contents were compensated using samples' temperatures, results of prediction would be close to the expected results and it would be one of the most important factors to develop this system. PLS models I and II could compensate the temperature but the precision would not come up to the standard. High precision was expected by using samples with wide ranges of temperatures and sugar contents. Both models showed the possibility of an improvement of a sugar content evaluation system disregarding the temperature. For practical use of a system, selecting samples should be done carefully to reduce the effect of the temperature.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.43-48
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• 2006

This study was performed to confirm physiological activities according to cultivars and parts of Ulsan pear (wonhwang, pungsu, whangkeum, whasan and shingo). Total contents of phenolic compounds from peel, pulpy substance and core were 699.3-800.6, 51.5-112.5 and 254.0-401.5 mg/100 g as tannic acid equivalent, respectively. There were difference contents by cultivars, and peel and core of shingo and pulpy substance of wonhwang showed high contents, respectively. Total flavonoid contents of peel, pulpy substance and core were 125.2-164.2, 25.9-35.9 and 45.1-60.0 mg/100g, respectively and those of shingo cultivar showed comparatively high. Electron donating ability was in the order of peel (66.1-90.7%), core (48.5-82.8%) and pulpy substance (24.9-58.2%), and whasan cultivar showed comparatively low. Nitrite scavenging activity was in the order of peel (58.2-100.8%), core (59.5-86.2%), pulpy substance (39.9-82.5%). There were little difference by cultivars of core but peel and pulpy substance of shingo cultivar showed comparatively low nitrite scavenging activity. And as the concentration of each extract increased, nitrite scavenging activity increased. Xanthine oxidase inhibition rate was in the order of peel (14.1-75.4%), core (5.3-71.8%), pulpy substance (2.2-67.5%). And there little difference by cultivars and which was increased as the concentration of each extract increased.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2002.07a
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• pp.98-101
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• 2002

This paper reports a parallel architecture in a HMM based speech recognition system for a low-power LSI design. The proposed architecture calculates output probability of continuous HMM (CHMM) by using concurrent and pipeline processing. They enable to reduce memory access and have high computing efficiency. The novel point is the efficient use of register arrays that reduce memory access considerably compared with any conventional method. The implemented system can achieve a real time response with lower clock in a middle size vocabulary recognition task (100-1000 words) by using this technique.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1993.10b
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• pp.240-244
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• 1993

There are so many types of sensors which have been developed in order to construct intelligence robots. This paper presents the study of the movement of a vehicle robot using a CCD-Camera. The CCD-Camera is used as a sensor to control a vehicle robot in a stable movement. This vehicle robot is called CVR. The system is the combination of the CCD-Camera, the vehicle robot and a dedicated software controller. The stability of CVR is proven by studying the movement methodology. The performance of the movement is experimented.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.297-302
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• 2018

Cells are constantly exposed to endogenous and exogenous chemical and physical agents that damage their genome by forming DNA lesions. These lesions interfere with the normal functions of DNA such as transcription and replication, and need to be either repaired or tolerated. DNA lesions are accurately removed via various repair pathways. In contrast, tolerance mechanisms do not remove lesions but only allow replication to proceed despite the presence of unrepaired lesions. Cells possess two major tolerance strategies, namely translesion synthesis (TLS), which is an error-prone strategy and an accurate strategy based on homologous recombination (homology-dependent gap repair [HDGR]). Thus, the mutation frequency reflects the relative extent to which the two tolerance pathways operate in vivo. In the present paper, we review the present understanding of the mechanisms of TLS and HDGR and propose a novel and comprehensive view of the way both strategies interact and are regulated in vivo.