• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.582-596
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• 2023

Purpose: This study aims to explore the ways to improve the security of temporary shelters in case of nuclear power plant accidents. Method: In this study, we mainly rely on the case studies on previous nuclear power plant accidents-Chernobyl, Fukushima, and Three Mile Island (TMI) cases. Result: The current radiation emergency response plans for nuclear power plant accidents center around the evacuation procedure. As a result, the concept of "shelter in place" has been understood as a means of assisting resident evacuation. However, based on the case studies, we find that encouraging shelter in place, rather than simply emphasizing evacuation, would help minimize unnecessary casualties, especially in case of the accidents rated greater than or equal to INES 5. To facilitate better shelter in place, we recommend utilize apartments as temporary shelters and suggest some possible improvements to ensure those apartments could be equipped with technologies for high radiation protection. Conclusion: To ensure better shelter in place, we recommend using apartments as temporary shelters, and we seek to supplement the function of apartments by using shielding, positive pressure, and sealing technologies.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.22-32
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• 2011

Purpose: The purposes of this study were to examine the level of anger, anger expression, depression, psychosomatic symptom and perceived health status, and to identify the influencing factors of anger expression in shelter residents. Methods: This study employed a descriptive correlational design. Data were collected from 407 homeless people residing at 27 shelters using structured instrument. Results: The level of anger expression was different by age, educational level, existence of children, and duration of shelter residency. Anger expression was significantly correlated with depression, psychosomatic symptoms and perceived health status. The predictors of high-level anger expression was younger age, low educational level, duration of shelter residency in Model 1 (F=6.884, p<.001, Adj. $R^2=.065$, and depression and psychosomatic symptoms in Model 2 (F=7.197, p<.001, Adj. $R^2=.113$. Conclusion: This study suggested that the homeless in the shelters had various psychological vulnerabilities, and therefore more individualized programs based on their needs and psychological health status should be provided for the homeless.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.442-451
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• 2014

Over 20,000 defense shelters are currently designated and operated in Korea. However, only few sheltershave the capacity to defend against CBR attack or terror from North Korea. Furthermore, as public defense shelters are only equipped with air-raid shelters, it is urgent to establish standard for CBR attack.This study focuses on shelter-in-place(SIP), a kind of CBR shelter in the U.S., and aims to draw up construction plan and planning of Korean defenses helter.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.58 no.2
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• pp.73-82
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• 2016

This study is about development of personal disaster shelters for minimization of the casualties caused by the landslide and steep slope collapse. The objectives of present research is the selection of disaster evacuation facilities utilizing FRP (Fiber Reinforced Plastic) material. For the proper assessment of FRP member, several layers by strength test and the three-dimensional numerical analysis of these FRR member was carried out. As a result, the personal disaster evacuation facility utilizing FRP materials, was found to be of a material that is able to protect the weak person at the time of the collapse of the landslides and steep slopes.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.289-301
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• 2011

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate the level of health behaviors, perceived health status, emotional and cognitive conditions and depression of the elderly residence in homeless shelters, and to identify related factors on their depression. Method: This was a descriptive study using a questionnaire. Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15) was used for examining depression, and other questionnaire were adopted and modified from the customized visiting health care service. Result: The 41 subjects displayed mild depression ($5.34{\pm}3.33$). The majority were non-smokers (73.2%) and non-drinkers (85%), and 81.1% of the subjects did light activities with 74.4 % performing regular exercise more than once per week. Perceived health status was above average in 70.7%, and feeling stress (70.7%), suicidal thoughts (12.2%) and abnomal KDSQ-C (29.3%) were shown in emotional and cognitive conditions. Depression had a significant relationship with regular exercise (t=3.61, p=.001), perceived health status (t=3.47, p=.041) and suicidal thoughts (t=2.85, p=.007). Conclusion: It is necessary to increase shelters for the elderly homeless and construct the system for examining not only their physical health but also their psychological problems, and to ensure long- term care recognizing their unique characteristics and needs, and their increasing number.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.400-405
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• 2015

Operating system of CBRNE(Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, and High-yield explosive)) weapon in North Korea has reached an internationally significant level. In preparation against the CBRNE weapon attack, the US is securing various forms of defense shelters and operating it based on classification by disaster characteristics. However, it is currently difficult to expect an efficient protective ability from South Korea due to the reckless designation of defense shelters without consideration of disaster characteristics. At this, this study examined the present condition of formerly used facilities, analyzed the characteristics of each facilities for the sorting of defense shelters that are possible of conversion into shelter against CBRNE weapon, and presented results and proposals gained through this study research.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.12
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• pp.525-534
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• 2019

The study was carried out by surveying 500 fostered teenagers at youth shelters in the Capital area via onsite visit over about three weeks from April 17 to May 10, 2018; 487 samples out of 500 questioned subjects were used for the final analysis. The results of this study are as follows. First, the career decision self-efficacy was verified to have a partial mediating effect between all of self-leadership variables and the career maturity of the fostered adolescents at youth shelters. Second, the career decision self-efficacy was verified to have a partial mediating effect between the action-oriented strategy, which is one of the self-leadership variables, and the career maturity of the fostered adolescents at youth shelters. Third, the career decision self-efficacy was verified to have a partial mediating effect between the natural compensation strategy, which is one of the self-leadership variables, and the career maturity of the fostered adolescents at youth shelters. Fourth, the career decision self-efficacy was verified to have a full mediating effect between the constructive thinking strategy, which is one of the self-leadership variables, and the career maturity of the fostered adolescents at youth shelters.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.8-18
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• 2014

This study analyzes characteristics of flow using 3 dimensional numerical model, Delft3D, at the downstream of hydraulic structure. And fish shelters are suggested by analyzing them in flood time. A hydraulic structure changes flow conveyance, water depth and velocity affecting the activity of the fish. Flow depth decreases and velocity is fast near the left bank at the downstream of Gumi weir because of the concentration of flow due to it. Therefore, fish shelters are generated near the right bank of it. As a result of vertical velocity distribution which indicates the range of fish activity, maximum value are 0.0043 m/s in 30-year of return period of flood 0.0052 m/s in 50 year flood, 0.0046 m/s in 80-year of return period of flood, and 0.0039 m/s in 100-year of return period of flood. As the discharge increases, the areas of fish shelters decreases because depth and turbulent energy increase according to increases discharge. The estimated areas of fish shelters near the right bank decrease from 61.5% in 30-year of return period of flood to 39.0% 100-year of return period of flood. Therefore, the constructed hydraulic structures affect fish shelters.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.433-447
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• 2023

There is a growing demand for the stability of existing dams due to abnormal climate and the aging of dams. Emergency Action Plans (EAPs) for reservoir or dam failure only consider a single rainfall event. Therefore, this study simulates dam failure caused by continuous rainfall events, and proposes the establishment of EAP by selecting the optimal shelters. We define a mega rainfall event scenario caused by continuous rainfall events with 500-year frequency in the Chungju Dam watershed and estimate the mega flood. The mega flood event scenario is divided into two cases: scenario A represents the flooding case caused by discharge release from a dam, while scenario B is the case of a dam break. As a result of flood inundation analysis, the flooded damage area by the scenario A is 50.06 km² and the area by the scenario B is 6.1 times of scenario A (307.45 km²). We select optimal shelters for each administrative region in the city of Chungju, which has the highest inundation rate in the urban area. Seven shelter evaluation indicators from domestic and foreign shelter selection criteria are chosen, and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method is used to evaluate the alternatives. As a result of the optimal shelter selection, the six shelters are selected and five are schools. This study considers continuous rainfall events for inundation analysis and selection of optimal shelters. Also, the results of this study could be used as a reference for establishment of the EAP.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.155-162
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• 2015

Abalone (Haliotis discus hannai) is a shellfish that feeds on kelp and, as a product, it can often achieve a high market value. However, the dissolved oxygen (DO) levels in coastal waters in Korea have been negatively impacted by pollution from many anthropogenic sources. Herein, a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software package was used to analyze the distribution of the DO concentration within an abalone containment structure. A finite volume approach was used to solve the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations combined with a $k-{\varepsilon}$ turbulence model to describe the flow. The distribution of DO was determined within the control volume domain, and the transport equations of the pollutants were interpreted using a CFD model. The CFD analysis revealed that more than 60% and 30% of the relative oxygen concentration in one and two containers, respectively, was maintained when the flow acts along the six sheets of polyethylene plates. Therefore, it is clear that the abalone plate shelters should be placed parallel to the flow.