• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.293-302
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• 2014

This study was carried out to develop rain shelter which can make an appropriate size and environment for Chinese cabbage rainproof cultivation. Fifty three farms with chinese cabbage rainproof cultivation system have been investigated to set up width and height of rain shelter. Mostly the width of 6m was desired for rain shelter and the height of 1.6m for their eaves, so these values were chosen as the dimensions for rain shelter. After an analysis of their structural safety and installation costs by the specifications of the rafter pipe, Ø$25.4{\times}1.5t$ and 90cm have been set as the size of rafter that such size costs the least. This size is stable with $27m{\cdot}s^{-1}$ of wind velocity and 17cm of snow depth. Therefore it is difficult to apply this dimension to area with higher climate load. In order to sort out such problem, the rain shelter has been designed to avoid damage on frame by opening plastic film to the ridge. Once greenhouse band is loosen by turning the manual switch at the both sides of rain shelter and open button of controller is pushed then switch motor rises up along the guide pipe and plastic film is opened to the ridge. Chinese cabbage can be damaged by insects if rain shelter is opened completely as revealed a field. To prevent this, farmers can install an insect-proof net. Further, the greenhouse can be damaged by typhoon while growing Chinese cabbage therefore the effect of an insect-proof net on structural safety has been analyzed. And then structural safety has been analyzed through using flow-structure interaction method at the wind condition of $40m{\cdot}s^{-1}$. And it assumed that wind applied perpendicular to side of the rain shelter which was covered by insect-proof net. The results indicated that plastic film was directly affected by wind therefore high pressure occurred on the surface. But wind load on insect-proof net was smaller than on plastic film and pressure distribution was also uniform. The results of structural analysis by applying pressure data extracted from flow analysis indicated that the maximum stress occurred at the end of pipe which is the ground part and the value has been 54.6MPa. The allowable stress of pipe in the standard of structural safety must be 215 MPa or more therefore structural safety of this rain shelter is satisfied.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.42-48
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• 2017

Background: As one of the most frequently occurring accidents in a chemical plant, a fire accident may occur at any place where transfer or handling of combustible materials is routinely performed. Methods: In particular, a jet fire incident in a chemical plant operated under high pressure may bring severe damage. To review this event numerically, Computational Fluid Dynamics methodology was used to simulate a jet fire at a pipe of a compressor under high pressure. Results: For jet fire simulation, the Kemeleon FireEx Code was used, and results of this simulation showed that a structure and installations located within the shelter of a compressor received serious damage. Conclusion: The results confirmed that a jet fire may create a domino effect that could cause an accident aside from the secondary chemical accident.

• Wind and Structures
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.69-82
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• 2014

Flow around a small white fir tree was investigated with varying the length of the bottom trunk (hereafter referred to as bottom gap). The velocity fields around the tree, which was placed in a closed-type wind tunnel test section, were quantitatively measured using particle image velocimetry (PIV) technique. Three different flow regions are observed behind the tree due to the bottom gap effect. Each flow region exhibits a different flow structure as a function of the bottom gap ratio. Depending on the gap ratio, the aerodynamic porosity of the tree changes and the different turbulence structure is induced. As the gap ratio increases, the maximum turbulence intensity is increased as well. However, the location of the local maximum turbulence intensity is nearly invariant. These changes in the flow and turbulence structures around a tree due to the bottom gap variation significantly affect the shelter effect of the tree. The wind-speed reduction is increased and the height of the maximum wind-speed reduction is decreased, as the gap ratio decreases.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.282-289
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• 2013

Mobile laboratory in the country (BL3 class) for research and technological development there has been continuous attempts . However, primarily as a feasibility problem and apply production techniques to move outside the laboratory by introducing the entire vehicle or domestic supply parts manufactured outside the shelter to the body in a way that introduces two special vehicles have been produced . Shelter in car parts production technology of positive pressure and negative pressure to secure perspective, and specific features of each facility through the analysis to find out the localization and standardization strategy direction and enhancements Check the current issue of the existing equipment was introduced and the internal structure of special vehicles the comparison function production technology at home and abroad through the analysis confirm and secure by applying advanced technology equipment and positive pressure inside the shelter facility that can be applied to the localization of the structure plan seeks to move existing analytical laboratory, equipped with the specifications of equipment Also introduced in the present state of the domestic vehicle production as portable measurement and analysis is to look for.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.32-42
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• 1995

Cultivation using rain shelter is very popular in summer because rain shelter has a simple structure using less materials than any other regular greenhouse. Although it has a main advantage of easy construction in terms of labour, time and cost, it has some disadvantage of poor ventilation and rain fall inflow. Therefore, the rain shelters being able to overcome the problems, to some extent, are necessary to propagate for practical purpose. Three characteristic types of rain shelter were analyzed using measured and simulated environment data. Type 1 was a conventional type with an arched roof, and Type 2 and Type 3 were improved ones which were designed to have three arched roofs and three sawtooth like roofs with the openings for ventilation, respectively. The distribution of inside temperature measured was relatively uniform in Type 2 and 3 by the natural ventilation through the openings of the roof compared to Type 1 which had no openings. The relative light transmittance measured in Type 2 and 3 showed lower than that in Type 1, which suppressed the rise of inside temperature, For more accurate comparison, the differences between inside and outside temperatures to various wind speeds were calculated by the model. The difference in Type 1 was the greatest at lower wind speed below 1 ㎧, that is, the highest in inside temperature, but decreased rapidly as wind speed increased above 1 ㎧. Measured temperatures generally showed the same trends as calculated ones by the model. As a whole, the improved rain shelters(Type 2 and 3) showed better performance than the conventional one in ventilation as well as inside temperature.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture International Edition
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• no.2
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• pp.178-184
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• 2004

The Yatomi - Aioiyama line is a city-planning road that was notified in 1957 and subsequently prepared by land readjustments. Currently, approximately 900m of road pass in the inside of the Aioiyama green area has not been constructed. The surveying briefing session for inhabitants was held in July 1992, the project was authorized by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport in September 1993, and the project briefing session for inhabitants was held in September 1993. The site purchase has been completed. At the May 2000 briefing session, inhabitants of the area began voicing dissenting demanding the conservation of the natural environment of this green area. The inspector system serves as the third party, independent of both the administration and the inhabitants. Before finalizing the geometric line form of the road to be constructed, some surveys of animals and plants found along the walking trails carried out intensively in the northern area, which is approximately 50 ha, of the Aioiyama green area. The natural environment inspector submitted a plan for changing the geometric line form of the road decided upon by city planning, and it was approved by the city planning council. If the shelter structure or the retaining wall structure is adopted at the location where large slope faces are produced by excavation or landfill, and if the bridge structure is adopted at the place where stream-lines and walking trails intersect, it leads to a reduction of approximately $40\%$ in the areas for which change is planned. Furthermore, approximately $20\%$ of the area to be changed is restored by returning soil to the roof of the shelter.

• Proceeding of KASS Symposium
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.91-101
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• 2006

We have conducted the study about the shelter effect against the wind by using the wind fence with various porosities and the measured distance from the wind fence, in three different types of it ; (Circle wind fence, Vertical wind fence, Horizontal wind fence) The shelter effect and turbulence characteristics of the selected wind barrier is throughly investigated by wind tunnel test. flow characteristics of velocities and turbulences behind wind fence were measured using hot-wire anemometer. we characterize the turbulence behind the wind fence by varying the porosity of 0 %, 20 %, 40%, and 60%, and the distances from the wind fence from 1 H to 9 H with maintaining the uniform flow velocity of 6 m/s. In addition, we investigated the overall characterization of the wind fence by measuring total of twenty eight points on the wind fence, which forms the lattice structure on it with seven points in lateral direction and four points in vertical direction. The results of analysis from the circle wind fence indicate that the degree of the turbulence is lowered and the velocity of the wind is decreased when the porosity of 40 % are used at the distance from 3 H to 9 H. On the other hand, the vertical, horizontal wind fence with the porosity of 20% is more advantageous at the distance of 2 H to 9 H. For the effectiveness of the wind fence depending on the position, the center part is the greatest and it decreases at the edges with 10 % to 30 % less than that of at the center.

• Wind and Structures
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.525-538
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• 2022

High-rise wooden pagodas generate large displacement responses under wind action. It is necessary and wise to reduce the wind loads and wind-induced responses on the architectural heritage using artificial plants, which do not damage ancient architecture and increase greenery. This study calculates and analyzes the wind loads and wind-induced responses on the Yingxian Wooden Pagoda, in China, using artificial plants via the finite element analysis (FEA). A three-dimensional wind-loading field was simulated using a wind tunnel test. Wind loads and wind-induced responses, including the displacement and acceleration of the pagoda with and without artificial plants, were analyzed. In addition, three types of tree arrangements were discussed and analyzed using the score method. The results revealed that artificial plants can effectively control wind loads and wind-induced displacements, but the wind-induced accelerations are enlarged to some extent during the process. The height of the tree significantly affected the shelter effects of the structure. The distance of trees from the pagoda and arrangement width of the tree had less influence on shelter effects. This study extends the understanding of the nondestructive method based on artificial plants, for controlling the wind base loads and structural responses of wooden pagodas and preserving architectural heritage via FEA.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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• no.37
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• pp.199-240
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• 2008

This study set out to investigate the adaptation process and experiential structure of those children who went through sexual abuse by looking into their inner worlds in order to understand what kind of meaning sexual abuse had on them. For that, the investigator conducted in-depth interviews with 13 children aged 8~16 who lived at the shelter after experiencing sexual abuse. The methodology of Grounded Theory by Strauss and Corbin(1990) was used to analyze raw data. The analysis results indicate that the core theme of the adaptation process among the children living at the shelter after sexually abused by kin and kith was "hoping to appear the same as others." According to the results, the core phenomenon was "blaming the victims." The causal conditions include "broken families," "antihuman sexual abuse," "making sexual abuse a public issue," and "the trap of the family." The contextual conditions include "the chain named family," "family as the last fortress" and "structural enforcement of silence." The intervening strategies was "dual emotions toward the shelter." The action/interaction strategies include "aftermath of violence" and "trying to escape." The consequences were "preparation for the future" and "uncertain future." The identified stages include the confusion, keeping the secret, leaking the secret to others, intervention by others, social support and challenge and adjustment stage. The three identified types were "withdrawal and avoidance," "settling down in reality" and "overcoming and challenging." Based on the analysis results, discussions were made about the social welfare plans and intervention strategies in the conclusion.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.10 no.9
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• pp.265-272
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• 2019

In this study, 'poverty', which we think in our daily life, started from something. In particular, this study typified the perception of poverty by using the 'Q methodology', a subjective research method, to examine individual subjective opinions. The results of the analysis are as follows. is a "Retraction type", and poverty is a problem of 'Retention', 'Individual Effort Problem', 'Social Structure Problem', 'Low Status' and 'Laziness'. is a "Individual Problem type", and emphasizes 'Individual Effort Problem', 'Laziness', 'Incompetence', 'Starvation' and so on. is a "Basic Problem type", and emphasizes the basic element of life such as 'The Food and Shelter problem', 'Starvation', 'Laziness', and 'No Money'. is a "Resource Distribution Problem Type" that emphasizes the problem of resource allocation according to social structural problems. This study typifies the perception of poverty using subjectivity research method on 21st century and expects converging extension study to empirical studies for generalization.