• 복식문화연구
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.999-1009
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• 2004

Chitin is a derived product from the shell of shrimp or crab. Chitosan, a deacetylated product of chitin, has widely been used in the biomedical sector, food industry, and textile industry. Chitosan exhibits fiber-forming property under certain conditions. Nonwoven fabrics made of chitosan fibers may have diverse applications in the industry. Previous studies have revealed that the dye uptake properties of natural dyestuffs improved by the chitosan pretreatment on the fabric specimens. In this case, fabric specimen is coated with acidic salt form of chitosan, which is different from the pure chitosan, since the coating process employes coating with the acidic solution of the chitosan and subesquent drying. In this study, chitosan nonwoven fabric samples were prepared from chitosan sample having deacetylation degree of $100\%$ and molecular weight of 650,000. Chitosan nonwoven fabrics maintain the form of $-NH_2$ end-group. These in turn exhibit higher dye uptake ability than the fabrics coated with chitosan acidic solutions do.

• 천문학회보
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.72.2-72.2
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• 2012

We present the results of HI 21 cm line observations to explore the nature of the high-velocity (HV) HI gas at - 173${\circ}$, which appears as faint, wing-like, Hi emission that extends to velocities beyond those allowed by Galactic rotation in the low-resolution surveys. We designate this feature as Forbidden Velocity Wing (FVW) 172.8+1.5. Our high-resolution Arecibo HI observations show that FVW 172.8+1.5 is composed of knots, filaments, and ring-like structures distributed over an area of a few degrees in extent. These HV HI emission features are well correlated with the HII complex G173+1.5, which is composed of five Sharpless HII regions distributed along a radio continuum loop of size 4.4${\times}$3.4, or -138 pc ${\times}$ 107 pc, at a distance of 1.8 kpc. G173+1.5 is one of the largest star-forming regions in the outer Galaxy. The HV HI gas and the radio continuum loop seem to trace an expanding shell. Its derived HI parameters including large expansion velocity (55 km/s) imply the SNR interpretation. Hot xray emission is detected within the HII complex, which also supports its SNR origin. The FVW172.8+1.5 is most likely the products of a supernova explosion(s) within the HII complex, possibly in a cluster that triggered the formation of these HII regions.

• BMB Reports
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.411-416
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• 1996

In order to study the role of the protein shell in both iron uptake and iron core formation of ferritin, we constructed a deletion mutant of the ferritin gene and expressed the mutant gene in Escherichia coli, This mutant was obtained by introducing an amber mutation at position Pro-157 and a deletion of the 19 amino acid residues at the carboxy-terminus of the recombinant tadpole H-chain ferritin. The deleted amino acids correspond to E-helix forming the hydrophobic channel in the protein. E. coli harboring the plasmid pTHP157, which contains the deleted gene, was grown at $23^{\circ}C$ in the presence of 0.1 mM IPTG, and the induced protein appeared to be partly soluble. Nondenaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed that the expressed mutant H-chains coassemble into holoprotein, suggesting that E-helix is not necessary for assembly of the subunits as reported for human H-chain ferritin. Its ability in iron core formation was proven in an Fe staining gel, the result disagreeing with the observation that the hydrophobic channel is necessary for iron core formation in human H-chain ferritin.

• 한국주조공학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.42-49
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• 1993

Conventional manufacturing process for cast iron-babbitt metal composite is complicate and bimetallic bonding by centrifugal casting is also difficult because their melting point is largely different and nonmetallic inclusion exists on outer shell. This study is aiming to simplify multistage process by adding Cu-powder as insert metals during cast iron solidification. The variables on fabrication of composite pipe are mold rotating speed and inner surface temperature of outer metal. The optimum temperature range for fusion bonding between cast iron and Cu-layer was $1100^{\circ}C-1140^{\circ}C$ in case of mold rotating speed was 700rpm. When the inner surface of Cu-layer was at $900^{\circ}C$, the value of interfacial hardness between Cu-layer and babbitt metal were higher than Cu-matrix by forming diffusion layer, interfacial products between Cu-layer and babbitt metal are proved to be $Cu_6Sn_5({\eta})$by XRD.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.653-662
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• 2000

Wrinkling is one of the major defects in sheet metal products together with tearing, springback and other geometric and surface defects. The initiation and growth of wrinkles are influenced by many factors such as stress ratios, mechanical properties of the sheet material, geometry of the workpiece, contact condition, etc. It is difficult to analyze the wrinkling initiation and growth considering all the factors because the effects of the factors are very complex and the wrinkling behavior may show a wide scatter of data even for small deviations of factors. The finite element analyses of the wrinkling initiation and growth in the sheet metal forming process provide the detailed information about the wrinkling behavior of sheet metal. The direct analyses of the wrinkling initiation and growth, however, bring about a little difficulty in complex industrial problems because it needs large memory size and long computation time. In the present study, therefore, a global-local analysis technique is introduced for the computational efficiency. Through the analysis of wrinkling in the door inner stamping process, the efficiency of the global-local analysis technique is investigated.

• 한국지능정보시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지능정보시스템학회 2007년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.570-578
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• 2007

선체 외판 부재의 곡 성형 과정은 주로 가열(열간가공)에 의해 수행된다. 이 가열 작업은 작업자의 경험과 지식에 크게 의존하는 매우 어려운 작업이다. 본 논문에서는 선체 외판의 곡 성형을 위한 가열 계획을 자동으로 수립할 수 있는 휴리스틱을 소개한다. 현장 전문가의 지식에 기반한 이 휴리스틱은 크게 가열 선을 생성하는 부분과 외력을 주는 도구를 배치하는 부분으로 구성된다. 가열 선은 대상 부재의 현재 곡면과 설계된 목적곡면과의 비교를 통해 생성되고, 가우스 커널 함수를 통해 스무딩(smoothing)된다. 현장에서는 열간가공 시 의도하지 않은 변형을 막으면서 작업시간을 줄이고자 외력을 이용한다. 외력의 위치와 방향은 가열 선 군집화를 통해 추출된 대표 가열 선을 기준으로 결정된다. 가상의 인공 곡면과 현장의 실제 부재를 대상으로 실험한 결과, 이 휴리스틱이 숙련된 전문가가 수립한 가열 계획과 유사한 가열 계획을 수립할 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제70권4호
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• pp.431-443
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• 2019

The present paper illustrates a numerical investigation on the failure behaviour of ring-stiffened cylinder subjected to external hydrostatic pressure. The published test data of steel welded ring-stiffened cylinder are surveyed and collected. Eight test models are chosen for the verification of the modelling and FE analyses procedures. The imperfection as the consequences of the fabrication processes, such as initial geometric deformation and residual stresses due to welding and cold forming, which reduced the ultimate strength, are simulated. The results show that the collapse pressure and failure mode predicted by the nonlinear FE analyses agree acceptably with the experimental results. In addition, the failure mode parameter obtained from the characteristic pressure such as interframe buckling pressure known as local buckling pressure, overall buckling pressure, and yield pressure are also examined through the collected data and shows a good correlation. A parametric study is then conducted to confirm the failure progression as the basic parameters such as the shell radius, thickness, overall length of the compartment, and stiffener spacing are varied.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.574-580
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• 1992

꽃게(portunus trituberculatus)의 껍질로부터 chitin을 분리한 후 탈아세틸화하여 만든 chitosan 용액의 물성 및 film 형성 특성을 조사하였고 chitosan film의 기능성을 cellophane, PVC 및 PE film과 비교 실험하였다. 분리한 chitin의 화학적 조성은 질소 6.95%, 조회분 0.3% 및 수분 4.57%이었으며 수율은 건조 꽃게 폐기물의 12.8%이었다. IR spectroscopy에 의한 chitosan의 탈아세틸화도는 $79{\sim}92%$였고 colloide 적정법에서는 $70{\sim}86%$측정되었다. 1% 초산용액에 용해시킨 0.4%와 0.8% chitosan 용액은 뚜렷한 의사가소성 유통 거동을 나타냈으며 유동거동지수와 점조도지수는 0.4% chitosan 용액에서 0.8886과 0.2084 $MPa{\cdot}s^n$이었고 0.8% chitosan 용액에서는 0.8498과 0.6190 $MPa{\cdot}s^n$을 나타냈다. Film의 물성측정에서 chitosan film은 인장강도$(888\;kg/cm^2)$와 투습도 $(110\;g/m^2{\cdot}24\;hr)$에서 높게 나타났으며 낮은 신장율을 보였다. 인열강도와 광선투과율은 PVC 및 PE film과 유사하였고 haziness에서 가장 높게 나타났다. Chitosan film의 두께가 0.025에서 0.050 mm로 증가함에 따라 인장강도는 급격히 감소하였고 신장율과 인열강도 및 투습도는 완만히 감소했으며 반면에 광선투과율은 거의 변하지 않았으며 hazines는 증가하는 경향을 나타냈다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.831-837
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• 2013

An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of Rhodobacter capsulatus KCTC-2583 on egg-yolk and serum cholesterol, egg production and quality parameters during the late laying periods in hens. A total of 160 Hy-Line Brown layers (54 wk-old) were randomly allotted to 4 treatment groups on the basis of laying performance. Each treatment had 4 replicates with 10 birds each (40 birds per treatment). Two hens were confined individually with cage size $35{\times}35{\times}40$ cm and each 10 birds (5 cages) shared a common feed trough between them forming one experimental unit. Dietary treatments were; basal diet supplemented with 0 (control), 0.05, 0.10 and 0.15% R. capsulatus KCTC-2583. Experimental diets were fed in meal form for 56 d. Dietary supplementation of increasing levels of R. capsulatus KCTC-2583 reduced (linear, p<0.05) egg-yolk cholesterol and triglycerides (d 28, 42 and 56) concentrations. Also, serum cholesterol and triglycerides (d 21, 42 and 56) concentrations were linearly reduced (p<0.05) with increasing dietary R. capsulatus KCTC-2583. Laying hens fed a diet supplemented with increasing levels of R. capsulatus KCTC-2583 had increased (linear; p<0.05) overall egg production, egg weight, egg mass and feed efficiency. However, dietary treatments had no effect (linear or quadratic; p>0.05) on feed intake of laying hens. At d 28 and 56, breaking strength and yolk colour of eggs were linearly improved (p<0.05) in laying hens fed dietary increasing levels of R. capsulatus KCTC-2583. Dietary treatment had no effects (linear or quadratic; p>0.05) on albumin height, shell thickness and shell weight at any period of experiment. These results indicate that dietary supplementation of R. capsulatus KCTC-2583 has the potential to improve the laying hen performance and lead to the development of low cholesterol eggs during late laying period in Hy-Line Brown hens.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.154-162
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• 1992

수산물 폐기물을 이용하기 위하여 대롱 새우껍질에서 추출하여 만든 키토산을 마우스에 이식한 sarcoma 180을 이용하여 in vivo와 in vitro에서 항암 효과 및 면역기능에 미치는 영향에 대하여 실험하였다. 키토산의 sarcoma-180에 대한 고형암 성장 저지율을 40mg/kg투여시 63.84%의 저지율을 나타내었다. 수명 연장효과는 대조군에 비하여 키토산을 40mg/kg 투여하였을 때 26.84%로 그다지 높지 않았다. In vivo에서의 항암효과를 근거로 하여 in vitro에서는 sarco-ma-180에 대한 직접적인 세포의 독성 작용은 거의 없었다. 키토산은 30mg/kg과 40mg/kg을 투여시 혈중 백혈구수와 총복강세포수가 대조군에 비하여 다소 증가 하였고 장기인 간, 비장 및 흉선의 무게도 투여한 용량에 따라 증가하는 용량 의존성 반응을 보였다. 항체 유도염증 반응인 항체매개형 과민반응과 지연형 과민반응은 족척의 두께가 키토산에 의해 거의 정상 수준까지 회복되었다. Macrophage의 식작용에 미치는 영향은 phagocytic index 와 corrected phagocytic index에서 거의 차이가 없었고, 용혈성 반응 세포수(plaque forming cell, PFC)는 대조군에 비하여 PFC/$10^{7}$ spleen의 경우 18.88%와 31.83%로 다소 증가하였다.