• 한국건설관리학회논문집
• /
• 제7권4호
• /
• pp.78-90
• /
• 2006

대부분의 건축 토목공사의 기초공사 시 사용하는 기성콘크리트 파일공사의 굴착 및 파일 매입 작업의 경우 국내 시방기준에는 파일을 연직으로 시공해야한다는 것만이 명시되어 있을 뿐, 이에 대한 측정기준 및 시공기준이 제시되어있지 않으며, 대부분의 시공현장에서는 숙련노무자의 경험을 통한 육안측정에 의존하고 있는 실정이다. 본 연구의 목적은 기수행된 PHC 파일 시공성능 향상을 위한 연직 자동제어기 파일롯타입(pilot-type) 연구를 바탕으로 PHC파일 시공 시 균일한 시공품질을 확보하고 작업의 안전성 확보 및 생산성 향상을 위한 파일 연직 자동제어기 프로토타입(prototype)을 개발하는 것이다. 본 연구를 통해 제시된 PHC 파일 연직 자동제어기가 현장에 적용될 경우, PHC 파일 연직도 측정 및 제어의 자동화를 통해 품질 및 안전성 향상이 가능할 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
• /
• 제7권8호
• /
• pp.1823-1830
• /
• 2003

본 논문에서는 동공 검출 기술을 이용한 얼굴 검출 방법을 제안하고자 한다. 동공 검출기는 눈의 역 반사 특성을 이용한 능동적 조명을 사용하여 검출을 용이하도록 하였고. 제안된 방법의 검출 범위는 소형 컴퓨터나 무인 정보 단말기 등의 활용에 적합하도록 하였다. 동공 후보 영역을 계산하여 검출한 후, 학습 규칙을 사용하여 얼굴에 대응하는 두 개의 지점을 선택하도록 하였다. 얼굴 검출 성능을 증명하기 위하여, 얼굴의 최대 돌출 부위를 지정 할 수 있는 이중 모드의 얼굴 추적 장치를 개발하였다. 추정치 와 복합 얼굴 검출기의 측정치를 결합하여 특징 관계를 추적함으로 처리의 안정성을 높이었다. 또한, 실시간으로 서보의 제어장치를 원격 조정하여 항상 카메라가 이미지의 중앙을 추적하도록 함으로서 얼굴의 위치를 추정할 수 있도록 하였다.

• 전기전자학회논문지
• /
• 제22권4호
• /
• pp.922-932
• /
• 2018

방사형 거리 센서는 측량 및 자율 주행에 널리 사용된다. 이러한 센서의 작동 원리 및 적용 방법의 교육이 필요하다. 상용 방사형 거리 센서의 저성능화를 통한 저가화가 계속되고 있지만, 교육 목적으로 사용하기에는 여전히 고가이다. 본 논문에서는 교육용 로봇에 활용할 수 있는 저가의 포토트랜지스터의 방사형 배열을 이용한 물체추적기능을 갖는 거리 센서 모듈을 제안한다. 제안하는 방법은 포토트랜지스터를 180도 범위의 배열로 배치하여 빠르게 움직이는 물체의 위치를 즉시 감지할 수 있으며 서보 모터를 사용한 센서 회전으로 감지 각도 범위를 향상하고 물체를 추적한다. 제안된 센서의 스캔 속도는 상업용 거리 센서보다 50~200배 빨라서 1ms의 제어 루프를 가지는 고성능의 교육용 모바일 로봇에 적용할 수 있다.

• 천문학회지
• /
• 제51권6호
• /
• pp.207-214
• /
• 2018

A coelostat is often used for solar observations, because it corrects the image rotation automatically by guiding sunlight into a fixed telescope with two plane mirrors. For the purposes of education and spectroscopic observation, the solar group at Seoul National University (SNU) plans to develop the SNU coelostat (SNUC) and install it in the SNU Astronomical Observatory (SAO). Requirements of the SNUC are < 1" positioning accuracy with 30 cm beam size on the entrance pupil in the compact dome. To allow for installation in the small dome, we design a compact slope type coelostat with a 45 cm primary plane mirror and a 39 cm secondary plane mirror. The motion of the SNUC is minimized by fixing the position of the slope frame. Numerical simulations of the available observational time of the designed coelostat shows that the sun can be observed ay all times from June to early August and at least three hours in other months. Since the high accuracy driving motors installed in the SNUC can be affected by external environment factors such as humidity and temperature variations, we design a prototype to test the significance of these effects. The prototype consists of a 20 cm primary plane mirror, a 1 m slope rail, a direct drive motor, a ballscrew, a linear motion guide, an AC servo motor, a reduction gear and a linear encoder. We plan to control and test the accuracy of the prototype with varying atmospheric conditions in early 2019. After testing the prototype, the SNUC will be manufactured and installed in SAO by 2020.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
• /
• 제29권5호
• /
• pp.567-582
• /
• 2022

In the present study, a series of physical experiments and numerical simulations were conducted to investigate the effects of mode I and mixed-mode I/II cracks on the fracture modes and stability of roadway tunnel models. The experiments and simulations incorporated different inclination angle flaws under both static and dynamic loads. The quasi-static and dynamic testing were conducted by using an electro-hydraulic servo control device and drop weight impact system (DWIS), and the failure process was simulated by using rock failure process analysis (RFPA) and AUTODYN software. The stress intensity factor was also calculated to evaluate the stability of the flawed roadway tunnel models by using ABAQUS software. According to comparisons between the test and numerical results, it is observed that for flawed roadways with a single radical crack and inclination angle of 45°, the static and dynamic stability are the lowest relative to other angles of fractured rock masses. For mixed-mode I/II cracks in flawed roadway tunnel models under dynamic loading, a wing crack is produced and the pre-existing cracks increase the stress concentration factor in the right part of the specimen, but this factor will not be larger than the maximum principal stress region in the roadway tunnel models. Additionally, damage to the sidewalls will be involved in the flawed roadway tunnel models under static loads.

• Smart Structures and Systems
• /
• 제33권1호
• /
• pp.1-16
• /
• 2024

The investigation on vehicle-bridge coupling system (VBCS) is crucial in bridge design, bridge condition evaluation, and vehicle overload control. A real-time hybrid testing (RTHT) method for VBCS (RTHT-VBCS) is proposed in this paper for accurately and economically disclosing the dynamic performance of VBCSs. In the proposed method, one of the carriages is chosen as the experimental substructure loaded by servo-hydraulic actuator loading system in the laboratory, and the remaining carriages as well as the bridge structure are chosen as the numerical substructure numerically simulated in one computer. The numerical substructure and the experimental substructure are synchronized at their coupling points in terms of force equilibrium and deformation compatibility. Compared to the traditional iteration experimental method and the numerical simulation method, the proposed RTHT-VBCS method could not only obtain the dynamic response of VBCS, but also economically analyze various working conditions. Firstly, the theory of RTHT-VBCS is proposed. Secondly, numerical models of VBCS for RTHT method are presented. Finally, the feasibility and accuracy of the RTHT-VBCS are preliminarily validated by real-time hybrid simulations (RTHSs). It is shown that, the proposed RTHT-VBCS is feasible and shows great advantages over the traditional methods, and the proposed models can effectively represent the VBCS for RTHT method in terms of the force equilibrium and deformation compatibility at the coupling point. It is shown that the results of the single-degree-of-freedom model and the train vehicle model are match well with the referenced results. The RTHS results preliminarily prove the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed RTHT-VBCS.

• 한국의류학회지
• /
• 제48권2호
• /
• pp.312-327
• /
• 2024

In this study, a rehabilitation 3D printed wearable device was developed by combining an assembly-type robot hand and an integral-type robot hand through fused deposition 3D printing manufacturing with various hardness TPU (Thermoplastic Polyurethane) filaments. The hardware configuration of the robot hand includes a controller designed with four motors, one small servo motor, and a circuit board. In the case of the assembly-type robot hand model, a 3D printed robot hand was assembled using samples printed with TPU of hardness 87A and 95A. It was observed that TPU with a hardness of 95A was suitable for use due to shape stability. For the integrated-type robot hand model, the external sample using TPU of hardness 95A could be modified through a cutting method, and the hardware configuration is the same as the assembly-type. The system structure of the 3D printed robot hand was improved from an individual control method to a simultaneous transmission method.Furthermore, the system architecture of an integrated 3D printed robotic hand rehabilitation device and the application of the rehabilitation device were developed.

• Structural Monitoring and Maintenance
• /
• 제11권3호
• /
• pp.173-185
• /
• 2024

Currently, the electro-hydraulic servo loading control system manufactured by MTS, OpenFresco hybrid test interface software and OpenSees finite element software are widely used in structure laboratories to carry out hybrid test, but there is no relevant public information about full structure pseudo-dynamic test based on the above software and hardware. In order to study the feasibility of using the above software and hardware to carry out full structure pseudo-dynamic test, the full structure pseudo-dynamic virtual experiments of a single degree of freedom (SDOF) structure and a two degrees of freedom (2DOFs) structure are carried out based on the MTS 793 Demo Mode, and the results are respectively compared with the finite element analysis method. The results show that the finite element analysis results and full structure pseudo-dynamic virtual experiment results are highly consistent, which verifies the feasibility of carrying out the full structure pseudo-dynamic test based on the above software and hardware. Then, a three story steel frame full structure pseudo-dynamic test is conducted, and the smooth implementation of full structure pseudo-dynamic test of the three story steel frame further verifies the reliability of thistesting method. The implementation method of carrying out the full structure pseudo-dynamic tests are introduced in detail, which can provide some reference for relevant research.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
• /
• 제48권5호
• /
• pp.766-772
• /
• 2000

배경 : 압력조절환기법(pressure control ventilation mode, PCV)에서 설정된 기도압의 달성은 기도저항이 일정한 조건에서 초기 흡기 유량 (inspiratory flow)에 의해 결정되며 압력상승시간(pressure rise time) 조절은 이 흡기 유량을 변동시킨다. 압력조절환기법에서 흡기 일환기량은 흡기 시간과 흡기 시간내 평균 흡기 유량에 따라 결정되므로 압력 도달 시간을 짧게 하면 초기 유량이 많아지게 되고 따라서 흡기되는 용적이 증가할 것으로 예상된다. 본 연구는 압력조절환기 법에서 압력상승시간을 줄이는 것이 흡기 일환기량 및 가스교환을 호전시키는지 알아보고자 하였다. 방법 : 호흡부전으로 기계호흡 중인 환자 13명(58$\pm$16세, 남 : 여=7 : 6)에서 Servo 300 (Simens-Elema, Solna, Sweden) 상의 압력상승시간 10%. 5% 및 30분 간 씩 적용하고 동맥혈 검사, 혈역동학적 지표(혈압, 분당맥박수) 및 호흡 지표(일회 호흡량, 최대 흡기유량, 최대 흡기압, 평균 기도압, 기도저항, 탄성도, 호기말 이산화탄소, 동맥혈가스)를 측정하였다. 결과 : 1) 압력상승시간이 10%, 5%, 0%로 변경시 일회 호흡량은 425$\pm$94 ml, 439$\pm$101 ml, 456$\pm$106ml로 증가되었다(p<0.001). 압력상승시간 단축에 따라 평균기도압 역시 증가되었다(각각 11.2$\pm$3.7cm $H_2O$, 12.0$\pm$3.7 cm $H_2O$, 12.5$\pm$3.8 cm $H_2O$; p<0.001). 2) pH는 10% 와 5% 보다 0%에서 높았으며(각각 7.40$\pm$0.08, 7.40$\pm$0.92, 7.41$\pm$0.96 ; p<0.0), $PaCO_2$도 10%와 5%에서 보다 0%에서 낮았다(각각 47.4$\pm$15.8 mm Hg, 47.2$\pm$15.7 mm Hg, 44.6$\pm$16.2 mm Hg ; p<0.01). 결론 : 압력조절환기법에서 압력상승시간의 단축은 일환기량과 평균기도압을 증가시키고, 동맥혈이산화탄소분압 저하 및 이에 따른 pH 상승 효과가 있었다. 압력조절 환기법에서 압력상승시간은 일환기량을 조절할 수 있는 한 변수로 사료된다.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
• /
• 제21권4호
• /
• pp.329-342
• /
• 2004

In this paper, we present preliminary feasibility studies on three types of solar observation payloads for future Korean Science and Technology Satellite (STSAT) programs. The three candidates are (1) an UV imaging telescope, (2) an UV spectrograph, and (3) an X-ray spectrometer. In the case of UV imaging telescope, the most important constraint seems to be the control stability of a satellite in order to obtain a reasonably good spatial resolution. Considering that the current pointing stability estimated from the data of the Far ultraviolet Imaging Spectrograph (FIMS) onboard the Korean STSAT-1, is around 1 arc minutes/sec, we think that it is hard to obtain a spatial resolution sufficient for scientific research by such an UV Imaging Telescope. For solar imaging missions, we realize that an image stabilization system, which is composed of a small guide telescope with limb sensor and a servo controller of secondary mirror, is quite essential for a very good pointing stability of about 0.1 arcsec. An UV spectrograph covering the solar full disk seems to be a good choice in that there is no risk due to poor pointing stability as well as that it can provide us with valuable UV spectral irradiance data valuable for studying their effects on the Earth's atmosphere and satellites. The heritage of the FIMS can be a great advantage of developing the UV spectrograph. Its main disadvantage is that two major missions are in operation or scheduled. Our preliminary investigations show that an X-ray spectrometer for the full disk Sun seems to be the best choice among the three candidates. The reasons are : (1) high temporal and spectral X-ray data are very essential for studying the acceleration process of energetic particles associated with solar flares, (2) we have a good heritage of X-ray detectors including a rocket-borne X-ray detector, (3) in the case of developing countries such as India and Czech, solar X-ray spectrometers were selected as their early stage satellite missions due to their poor pointing stabilities, and (4) there is no planned major mission after currently operating Reuven Ramaty High-Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager (RHESSI) mission. Finally, we present a preliminary design of a solar X-ray spectrometer covering soft X-ray (2 keV) to gamma ray (10 MeV).