• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.37 no.7
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• pp.503-517
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• 2010

Service-oriented computing, the effective paradigm for developing service applications by using reusable services, becomes popular. In service-oriented computing, service consumer has no responsibility for managing services, just invokes services what service providers are producing. On the other hand, service providers should manage any resources and data for service consumers can use the service anytime and anywhere. However, it is hard service providers manage the quality of the services because an unspecified number of service consumers. Therefore, service scalability for providing services with higher quality of services specified in a service level agreement becomes a potential problem in service-oriented computing. There have been many researches for scalability in network, database, and distributed computing area. But a research about a definition of service scalability and metrics of measuring service scalability is still not mature in service engineering area. In this paper, we construct a service network which connects multiple service nodes, and integrate all the resources to manage it. And we also present a service scalability framework for managing service scalability by using a mechanism of service migration or replication. In section 3, we, firstly, present the structure of the scalability management framework and basic functionalities. In section 4, we propose scalability enhancement mechanism which is needed to release functionality of the framework. In section 5, we design and implement the framework by using proposed mechanism. In section 6, we demonstrate the result of our case study which dynamically manages services in multi-nodes environment by applying our framework. Through the case study, we show the applicability of our scalability management framework and mechanism.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.954-972
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• 2012

Content Delivery Networks (CDN) server loads that fluctuant necessitate CDN to improve its service scalability especially when the peak load exceeds its service capacity. The peer assisted scheme is widely used in improving CDN scalability. However, CDN operators do not want to lose profit by overusing it, which may lead to the CDN resource utilization reduced. Therefore, improving CDN scalability moderately and guarantying CDN resource utilization maximized is necessary. However, when and how to use the peer-assisted scheme to achieve such improvement remains a great challenge. In this paper, we propose a new method called Dynamic Moderate Peer-assisted Method (DMPM), which uses time series analysis to predict and decide when and how many server loads needs to offload. A novel peer-assisted mechanism based on the prediction designed, which can maximize the profit of the CDN operators without influencing scalability. Extensive evaluations based on an actual CDN load traces have shown the effectiveness of DMPM.

• Journal of KIISE:Information Networking
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.535-544
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• 2003

Integrated services networks should guarantee end-to-end delay bounds for real-time applications to provide high quality services. A real-time scheduler is installed on all the output ports to provide such guaranteed service. However, scheduling algorithms studied so far have problems with either network utilization or scalability. Here, network utilization indicates how many real-time sessions can be admitted. In this paper, we propose service curve allocation schemes that result in both high network utilization and scalability in a service curve algorithm. In service curve algorithm, an adopted service curve allocation scheme determines both network utilization and scalability. Contrary to the common belief, we have proved that only a part of a service curve is used to compute deadlines, not the entire curve. From this fact, we propose service curve allocation schemes that result in a constant time for computing deadlines. We through a simulation study that our proposed schemes can achieve better network utilizations than Generalized processor Sharing (GPS) algorithms including the multirate algorithm. To our knowledge, the service curve algorithm adopting our schemes can achieve the widest network utilization among existing scheduling algorithms that have the same scalability.

• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.110-115
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• 2006

In pure P2P environment, it is possible to provide service by using a little real-time information without using accumulated information. But in case of using only a little information that was locally collected, quality of recommendation service can be fallen-off. Therefore, it is necessary to study a method to improve qualify of recommendation service by using users' context information. But because a great volume of users' context information can be recognized in a moment, there can be a scalability problem and there are limitations in supporting differentiated services according to fields and items. In this paper, we solved the scalability problem by clustering context information per each service field and classifying it per each user, using SOM. In addition, we could recommend proper services for users by quantifying the context information of the users belonging to the similar classification to the service requester among classified data and then using collaborative filtering.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.796-806
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• 2008

This paper presents a blind video watermarking algorithm that has the robustness against spatial, temporal, and SNR scalability and transcoding for the copyright protection of video contents in heterogeneous multimedia service. The proposed process of watermark embedding and detecting is accomplished on base layer for considering spatial scalability. The watermark consists of the string and the ordering number of string for considering temporal scalability. Thus, each of frames has the bitstream of one character and a ordering number of its character. To robust against FGS, the proposed algorithm quantizes low and middle frequency coefficients in ROI region of each of frames and embeds its watermark bitstream into the specific bits of the quantized coefficients. Experimental results verified that the proposed algorithm satisfies the invisibility of watermark and also has the robustness against spatial scalability, temporal scalability and FGS.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2010.11a
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• pp.188-191
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• 2010

The study investigated the optimal configuration of SVC (Scalable Video Coding) to apply to the satellite broadcasting service, and compared the performance of the SVC with that of the AVC (Advanced Video Coding). To get the optimal configuration, we analyzed the optimal bit rate allocation between the layers and the optimal scalability which requires the least bit rate for the required PSNR for various kinds of contents using JSVM. As a result of investigation, we found that the optimal bit rate allocation occurs when the bit rate of the base layer is minimum, and the spatial scalability shows the best performance. The performance of SVC is similar to that of AVC for spatial scalability, but it depends on contents.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.31 no.9
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• pp.1150-1160
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• 2004

In this paper, we propose a new 3D video coding method for heterogeneous display systems and network infrastructure over enhanced Access Grid (e-AG) using spatio-temporal scalability defined in MPEG-2. The proposed encoder produces several bit-streams for providing temporally and spatially scalable 3D video service. The generated bit-streams can be nelivered with proper spatio-temporal resolution according to network bandwidths and processing speeds, visualization capabilities of client systems. The functionality of proposed spatio-temporal scalability can be exploited for construction of highly scalable 3D video service in heterogeneous distributed environments.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.330-337
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• 2015

A service in the environments of internet of things (IoT) exist various types with automation facilities and sensors. There can configure so many communication protocols to networking facilities and sensors. To provide efficient various kind of service, a middleware platform, is based on the internet protocol network, is needed a unified access with devices, controlling and monitoring huge kind of facilities and sensors, to provide a efficient IoT service and application configurations. In this paper, we propose a middleware that an application and service interact with automation facilities and monitor sensors. The proposed middleware is designed with adapter pattern that one of the software engineering design pattern. The adapter pattern is to ensure communication with each sensor and to make sure of service scalability. Finally, the proposed component middleware shows that variety sensors can be easily configure the service in the IoT environment.

• World Technopolis Review
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.21-42
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• 2019

The purpose of this research was to investigate the factors influencing global expansion/scalability of Kenyan Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). Factor analysis and multiple/multivariate regression analysis to determine the functional relationship between independent variables (factors) and the dependent variable was used. The independent variables were: innovation & technology, fitness/appropriateness of management, global marketing strategy; and support environment and the dependent variable, global expansion/scalability. Data was collected from a survey of randomly selected firms of 205, drawn from a population of 440 firms from Kenya Manufacturers Directory, with 175 firms responding. The key findings from the research in relation to Kenyan SMEs were that: there is a functional relationship between global market strategy and global expansion; there is a functional relationship between innovation and technology orientation and global expansion, there is no significant functional relationship between supportive environment of firms and their global expansion; and there is no significant functional relationship between fitness/appropriateness of management and global expansion/scalability. The implications for practice is that the ranking of the factors in order of priority supports focusing concern on the orientation of business strategy toward global market strategy, market research geared at obtaining foreign market intelligence, innovation and technology, product adaptation, service orientation, collaborative ventures, and long-range vision as key factors in making Kenyan firms successful in the international market. The implication for policy and practice is that there is need for collaboration between industry and government in pursuing policies for global expansion/scalability and among SMEs and large enterprises particularly in areas of rapid technological change.

• Journal of KIBIM
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.52-60
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• 2022

Recently, the demand for connection between various heterogeneous dataset and BIM as a construction data model hub is increasing. In the past, in order to connect model between BIM and heterogeneous dataset, related dataset was stored in the RDBMS, and the service was provided by programming a method to link with the BIM object. This approach causes problems such as the need to modify the database schema and business logic, and the migration of existing data when requirements change. This problem adversely affects the scalability, reusability, and maintainability of model information. This study proposes an ontology BIM-based knowledge service framework considering the connectivity and scalability between BIM and heterogeneous dataset. Through the proposed framework, ontology BIM mapping, semantic information query method for linking between knowledge-expressing dataset and BIM are presented. In addition, to identify the effectiveness of the proposed method, the prototype is developed. Also, the effectiveness and considerations of the ontology BIM-based knowledge service framework are derived.