• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.141-151
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• 2004

Pre-service teachers' understandings on magnet was investigated through the questionnaire method. The questionnaire was composed of 17 questions about the strength of magnet, the magnetized object and the direction of magnetic field around magnet. In this investigation study, 225 pre-service teachers were selected through random sampling method, who were sophomores in a National University of Education. The formation rate of the scientific conceptions on the strength of magnet was 30.3% and that on the direction of magnetic field around magnet was 53.9%. The average formation rate of scientific conception of all questions on magnet was 44.13%, which doesn't seem to be high as expected. It shows that many of subjects of the questionnaire don't understand fully the concept of moleclar magnet model and the superposition effects of magnetic field around magnet. The formation rate of the scientific conception on magnet of females who took courses in sciences in high school were higher than that of females who took courses in arts in high school, which had meaningful difference (p<.05).

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.35-45
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• 2017

This study aimed to explore housing welfare service situation in City of Cheongju, Chungbuk, and assess demands for the service improvement through interviews of public and private field specialists in order to seek practical implications for enhancement of housing welfare policy and system in Cheongju. In December 2016, a series of personal and focus group interviews using semi-structured questionnaires were conducted to total 10 specialists who were currently providing and housing services. Major findings and implications are as follow. (1) City's own housing survey and database construction are in need for development and implementation of housing welfare service programs serving local needs effectively and efficiently. (2) The field specialists perceived importance of realignment of service system and to establishment of the Cheongju housing welfare center as a control tower of the services. (3) It is required to provide various opportunities to strengthen the specialists' competence through education, training and networking and to arrange persons in charge of housing programs in every community-level self-government. (4) The specialists showed their strong interests in introduction of diverse housing welfare services and programs.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.291-302
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to investigate pre-service middle school earth science teachers' perceptions about the learning of geological field trip. The study sample consists of 39 undergraduate students at the university located in a metropolitan city. Additionally, 4 pre-service earth science teachers are semi-structure interviewed. The instrument of the study includes a 5-category perception about the learning of geological field trip, which consists of needs, educational values, educational experience, teaching methods, and training for learning. The results are as follows. First, participants are important to the need and educational values of learning about the geological field trip regardless of gender and grade level. Second, all participants have experienced geological field trip in college. They have more opportunities to experiment for field trip as they advance to higher grade. There is significant difference between lower and higher graders in terms of the goal of learning about geological field trip. It needs a new lesson model to teach geology between men and women regarding teaching methods category. In order to practice geological field trip in school, participants perceive that they need the knowledge of geological context, experiment of field trips, and how to teach geological field trip to students. This study suggests that pre-service earth science teachers' perceptions include how to teach and learn geological field trip during their college year.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.5-18
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• 2004

This study aims to investigate the use state of the health service computerization system in the occupational nursing field and the occupational nursers' satisfaction level, and provide basic data to promote the development of the health service computerization system for the nursing field. For this study, a questionnaire was provided to 118 occupational nurses who belong to Busan and Gyeongnam branches of KAOHN(Korean Association of Occupational Health Nurses) for 2 months (from Dec. 1, 2002 to Jan. 31, 2003). A tool of Choi Yong-Heui(2000) was used to investigate the satisfaction level of using the health service computerization system. The collected materials were analyzed in real number and percentage, average and standard deviation, t-test and ANOVA by using the SPSS WIN 10.0 program. This study is summarized as follows: 1. The average age was $31.99{\pm}5.58$ old in this study. The married were 54.2%. Participants who graduated from a junior college was 76.9%. The average service period was $4.48{\pm}4.68$ years. In service types, 79.7% of participants served in a health care center. The average service period was $3.22{\pm}2.89$ years. The service place which had 1000 workers or more was 35.6%. 2. Only 20.3% of participants in this study had a computer use education. 3. The field who participants used mostly was communication/internet, $3.29{\pm}.85$ hours in average. 4. 97.1% of occupational fields had computers and peripheral devices: 71.4% in pentium computer, 42.8% in the hard disk capacity of 20-29GB, 60.0% in 15 inch monitors, 86.2% in printers, 18.1% in digital cameras, 12.4% in LAN, and 9.5% in scanners. 80.1% of the occupational fields which were objects of study could use communication. 5. The occupational fields which did not introduced the health service computerization system were 62.8%. The main cause was attributable to entrepreneurs' insufficient recognition 66.6%. 51.5% of the entrepreneurs did not have an introduction plan. 37.2% of participating companies had the health service computerization system. 56.4% of them introduced it since the year 2000. 81.6% of the introduction motivation aimed to the efficiency of health service. The most issue upon introduction was insufficient understanding of a person in charge - 25.6%. The in-house development of the system covered 56.4%. 61.5% of the participants accepted their demands from the first stage of development. The direct effect of computerization showed the increase of 25.9% in the quickness and continuity of service treatment, and 25.9% in the serviceability of statistical treatment. 6. 22.0% of the participants had a computerization system use education. 69.2% of them had a in-house education. An educational method by nurses who used the computerization system was 76.9%. 92.3% of the education was helpful for practical duties. 7. An analysis of the computer use by health service fields showed that the medicine management in a health management field was 15.9%. the work environment measuring management in a work environment filed was 32.9%. the employment. general and special examination management in a heal th management field was 61.1 %. the various reports management in an administrative field was 64%. the health education data preparation management in an educational field was 58.0%. and the medicine and expendables management in an equipment management field was 51.6%. An analysis of the computerization system use showed that the various statistical data manage in a health management field was 13.0%. the work environment measuring management in a health management field was 34.8%. the personal disease management in a health management field was 51.9%. the heal education data preparation management in an educational field was 54.5%. and the equipment management of health care centers in an equipment management field was 52.6%. 8. 31.6% of the participants wanted that health service computerization system would include the generals of health services. 42.4% of the participants thought that first of all. the aggressive interest and investment of employers were required to build the health service computerization system. 9. The participants' satisfaction level on the computerization system use was $3.51{\pm}.57$ points. An analysis by each factor showed $3.62{\pm}.68$ points in a service change factor. $3.15{\pm}.63$ points in a computer program use factor, and $3.45{\pm}.71$ points in a continuous computerization use factor. 10. An analysis of the computerization system use by general characteristics of participants showed that the married (p = .022) had the satisfaction level higher than the unmarried. 11. The satisfaction level of the computerization system use by participants' computer use ability tended to be higher in proportion to the increase of computer use abilities in spreadsheet (F=2.606. p=.048). presentation (F=3.62. p=.012) and communication/internet(F=2.885. p=.0321. Based on the study results mentioned above. I will suggest as follows : The nationwide enlargement and repetition study is required for occupational nurses who serve in occupational nursing fields. The computerization system in a health service field is inferior comparing with other fields. The computerization system standard by business types and characteristics should be prepared through employers's aggressive participation and national support. Therefore various statistical data which occurs in occupational fields will be managed systematically and efficiently. A regular and systematic computer education plan for occupational nurses in charge of health services in the filed is urgently required to efficiently manage and improve the health of on-site workers.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.811-828
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• 2017

Purpose: In the meantime, studies on the measurement methods of service quality have mainly been conducted in views of the service recipients. In this study, we introduce a co-orientation model that compares the perceptions of service provider and recipient and examine the applicability in service quality field. Methods: In this study, we conducted a case study on the specific service called 'National R&D Project Plan Evaluation Service' to examine the applicability of the co-orientation model in the service quality field. Results: We could identify the phenomenon of how service providers and recipients perceive differently about specific services introduced in the case study. This study confirms that it can be used to identify problems in mutually oriented service quality activities and to take practical measures to improve them. As we have seen in this case study, the co-orientation model is expected to be of great help in exploring opportunities for quality improvement in the area of service quality. Conclusion: The service quality co-orientation model allows the service provider to distinguish between what they think of differently with the service recipient and what they have in common, so the service provider will be able to find the agenda of service quality improvement.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.543-549
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• 2000

The pathogenicity of Br abortus RB51 strains, producted by commercial vaccine companies in Republic of Korea and USA, were evaluated in mouse and guinea pig. BALB/c and ICR mice were intraperitoneally inoculated with RB51 vaccines or virulent field strain and the existence of RB51 including its ratio of spleen to weights and persistence in spleens were examined. Groups of guinea pigs on day 55-58 of received subcutaneously with various RB51 vaccines, RB51 field isolates (Daehungjin) or virulent field isolates(Sangju) to compare the histopathogenicity in uterus. All the mice received RB51 vaccines or RB51 field isolates survived for 10 days, but the groups of mice received virulent field isolates died 5 from 11 (45.5%) in case of BALB/c mice and 12 from 12 (100%) in ICR mice, respectively. The number of RB51 in the groups of mice given with vaccine strains and RB51 field isolates were declined rapidly were in spleens between 12 and 20 days after inoculation. In contrast the mice given with the virulent field isolates rose in number of bacteria up to 20 days after inoculation. In the groups of mice infected with virulent field isolates, the ratio of spleen weights to body weight were significantly higher than those in control or in the groups inoculated with RB51 strain, including RB51 field isolates, at 12 and 20 days after inoculation. At ten days after inoculation, placentas of both the pregnant and non-pregnant guinea pigs were conducted for histopathological examination. Although any abnormal lesions were not observed in non-pregnant guinea pigs, all the strains caused the inflammation of the placenta, implying pathogenecity of RB51 in pregnant guinea pigs.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.151-161
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• 2020

In this paper, Korea's standardization capacity in the ITS field was examined, and the status of participation in ITS standardization and services of ASEAN countries, and the degree of hope for cooperation with Korea was investigated and analyzed. Korea is recognized for its international competency in the field of ITS standardization, and most ASEAN countries, excluding Singapore, are found to have insufficient participation in ITS standardization and service introduction. In addition, most ASEAN countries are strongly hoping for ITS standardization cooperation with Korea, and the preliminary establishment of the ITS system architecture as the basis for ITS standardization was derived as a project of hope for cooperation. In addition, as a service field for introducing standardization, Freight transport was suggested as a priority application service field in order to improve the efficiency of logistics transportation between ASEAN countries.

• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.138-150
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• 1995

The quality of environmental education in school depends on the quality of environment teacher, who develops his/her ability through avalible courses such as in-service training and communication et al. This study was performed with the questionnaire to 179 teachers who participated in certificate in-service training for [Environment] subjects on winter of '95 and summer of '96. The questionnaire included 28 items, which could be categorized 5 parts : the environmental consciousness of teachers, their awareness of environmental education in schools, the reason of participation, the limits and requirements of learning field, avalible teaching and learning methods. The improvements and suggestions derived from this study are summarized as follows: First, it is necessary to differentiate in-service training concerning environment, because the motive of teacher's participation is diverse and is not always suitable to the purpose of certificate in-service training for [Environment] subjects. Second, the teaching contents and programs of certificate in-service training for [Environment] subjects have to be various according to the characteristics and major subjects of teachers. Third, it deserves special emphasis that the field trips and survey for the experiential study in field is supplemented in the teaching contents and programs of certificate in-service training for [Environment] subjects. Also, it is necessary to strengthen the environmental ethics and philosophy in the teaching contents and programs.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.1-18
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• 2007

Over the past decades, an enormous amount of effort has been expended in laboratory and field studies on concrete durability estimation. The results of this research are still either widely scattered in the journal literature or mentioned briefly in the standard textbooks. Moreover, the theoretical approaches of deterioration mechanisms with a predictive character are limited to some complicated mathematical models not widespread in practice. A significant step forward could be the development of appropriate software for computer-based estimation of concrete service life, including reliable mathematical models and adequate experimental data. In the present work, the basis for the development of a computer estimation of the concrete service life is presented. After the definition of concrete mix design and structure characteristics, as well as the consideration regarding the environmental conditions where the structure will be found, the concrete service life can be reliably predicted using fundamental mathematical models that simulate the deterioration mechanisms. The prediction is focused on the basic deterioration phenomena of reinforced concrete, such as carbonation and chloride penetration, that initiate the reinforcing bars corrosion. Aspects on concrete strength and the production cost are also considered. Field observations and data collection from existing structures are compared with predictions of service life using the above model. A first attempt to develop a database of service lives of different types of reinforced concrete structure exposed to varying environments is finally included.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.164-172
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• 2018

We evaluated the performance of various detectors for small-field dosimetry with field sizes defined by a high-definition (HD) multileaf collimator (MLC) system. For small-field dosimetry, diodes referred to as "RAZOR detectors," MOSFET detectors, and Gafchromic EBT3 films were used in this study. For field sizes less than $1{\times}1cm^2$, percent depth doses (PDDs) and lateral profiles were measured by diodes, MOSFET detectors, and films, and absolute dosimetry measurements were conducted with MOSFET detectors. For comparison purposes, the same measurements were carried out with a field size of $10{\times}10cm^2$. The dose distributions were calculated by the treatment planning system Eclipse. A comparison of the measurements with calculations yielded the percentage differences. With field sizes less than $1{\times}1cm^2$, it was shown that most of the percentage difference values were within 5% for 6-MV and 15-MV photon beams with the use of diodes. The measured lateral profiles were well matched with those calculated by Eclipse as the field sizes increased. Except for the depths of 0.5 cm and 20 cm, there was agreement in terms of the absolute dosimetry within 10% when MOSFET detectors were used. There was good agreement between the calculations and measurements conducted using diodes and EBT films. Both diode detectors and EBT3 films were found to be appropriate options for relative measurements of PDDs and for lateral profiles.