• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.215-221
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• 2010

This study was performed to analyze the relationship among sebum hydration content of the skin and nutritional intake, serum antioxidant minerals and antioxidant enzymes, and lipid peroxide concentration in 50 female subjects in their 20s. The skin type was divided into Dry Skin, Mixed Skin, and Oily Skin, and the dry skin group was 14%, the mixed skin group was 56%, and the oily skin group was 30% of all subjects. The average age of the subjects was $20.54{\pm}1.43$ years and BMI was 20.66. The average sebum content in each group was in the order of T-zone>forehead>chin>cheek. In case of the T-zone, a significant difference between the dry skin group and the oily skin group was observed, suggesting that the area is most sensitive to sebum content by skin type. Significant differences were not observed in energy and nutrient intakes by skin type. Serum concentrations of antioxidant minerals such as copper, manganese, zinc and selenium were not significantly different among the groups, but the dry skin group tended to be higher than the oily skin group. Serum catalase was significantly higher in the oily skin group (P < 0.05), and MDA was significantly higher in the mixed skin group (P < 0.05). The hydration of the cheek and serum zinc showed a negative correlation, and the sebum content of the cheek and GPx showed a significant negative correlation. The hydration of the forehead and serum copper showed a significant negative correlation, and the hydration of the forehead and GPx showed a significant positive correlation. The hydration of the chin and serum SOD showed a significant positive correlation. With these results, it is considered that the basic condition of nutritional status can affect the skin health.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.890-896
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• 2023

This study aims to examine the relationship between serum folic acid levels and metabolic syndrome. The analysis data were downloaded and used for the 7th 3rd (2018) data of the National Health and Nutrition Survey and in this study, 495 men, 706 women, and a total of 1,201 people were finally analyzed. The data analysis used Chi-square and t-test for the difference in serum folic acid according to general characteristics, Pearson correlation for the relationship between sub-factors of metabolic syndrome, and logistic regression analysis for serum folic acid levels and metabolic syndrome indicators. According to the results of this study, there was a significant negative correlation between serum folic acid levels and waist circumference (r=-0.113, p<0.01), triglyceride (r=-0.086, p<0.05), and HDL-cholesterol (r=0.086, p<0.05) showed a significant positive correlation. As a result of regression analysis, in the case of HDL-cholesterol, the group with normal serum folic acid levels was significantly higher than the group with low (p<0.05). Therefore, through this study, it is proposed to develop appropriate eating habits and health education programs to prevent metabolic syndrome.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.20 no.9
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• pp.1374-1388
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• 2007

Three experiments were conducted to investigate the hypothesis that cows grazing on pasture produce the highest proportion of c-9 t-11 CLA in milk fat and no further increase can be achieved through supplementation of diets rich in linoleic acid, such as full-fat extruded soybeans or soybean oil. In experiment 1, 18 lactating Holstein cows were used in a randomized complete block design with measurements made from wk 4 to 6 of the experiment. In experiment 2, three cannulated lactating Holstein cows were used in a $3{\times}3$ Latin square design. Each period was 4 wk with measurements made in the final wk of each period. Cows in both experiments were assigned at random to treatments: a, conventional total mixed ration (TMR); b, pasture (PS); or c, PS supplemented with 2.5 kg/cow per day of full-fat extruded soybeans (PES). In both experiments, feed intake, milk yield, milk composition, and fatty acid profile of milk and blood serum were measured, along with fatty acid composition of bacteria harvested from rumen digesta in experiment 2. In experiment 3, 10 cows which had continuously grazed a pasture for six weeks were assigned to two groups, with one group (n = 5) on pasture diet alone (PS) and the other group (n = 5) supplemented with 452 g of soy oil/cow per day for 7 d (OIL). In experiment 1, cows in PS treatment produced 350% more c-9, t-11 CLA compared with cows in TMR treatment (1.70 vs. 0.5% of fat), with no further increase for cows in PES treatment (1.50% of fat). Serum c-9, t-11 CLA increased by 233% in PS treatment compared with TMR treatment (0.21 vs. 0.09% of fat) with no further increase for cows in PES treatment (0.18% of fat). In experiment 2, cows in PS treatment produced 300% more c-9 t-11 CLA in their milk fat compared with cows in TMR treatment (1.77 vs. 0.59% of fat), but no further increase for cows in PES treatment (1.84% of fat) was observed. Serum c-9, t-11 CLA increased by 250% for cows in PS treatment compared with cows in TMR treatment (0.27 vs. 0.11% of fat), with no further increase for cows in PES treatment (0.31% of fat). The c-9, t-11 CLA content of ruminal bacteria for cows in PS treatment was 200% or more of TMR treatment, but no further increase in bacterial c-9, t-11 CLA for cows in PES treatment was observed. Supplementation of soy oil in experiment 3 also did not increase the c-9 t-11 CLA content of milk fat compared with cows fed a full pasture diet (1.60 vs. 1.54% of fat). Based on these findings, it was concluded that supplementing with feeds rich in linoleic acid, such as full-fat extruded soybeans or an equivalent amount of soy oil, to cows grazing perennial ryegrass pasture may not increase milk fat c-9 t-11 CLA contents.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.343-349
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• 1994

The study was taken to analyze the laboratory findings of the 161 patients with autoimmune thyroiditis treated at Kyungpook University Hospital from January 1992 to July 1993. They were all female and mean age was 33 years ranging from 10 to 73 years. Mean radioactive iodine uptake(RAIU) of the thyroid was $30.90{\pm}21.80(mean{\pm}SD)%$ at 6 hours and $37.97{\pm}23.25%$ at 24 hours. Mean serum levels of thyroid hormones were $1.41{\pm}0.48$(ng/ml) of T3, $7.26{\pm}3.23$(ug/dl) of T4, and $1.11{\pm}0.66$(ng/dl) of free T4, while mean serum level of TSH was $17.99{\pm}30.72$(uIU/ml). Mean levels of serum autoantibodies were 24. $43{\pm}31.91$(U/ml) of antithyroglobulin antibody and $55.32{\pm}41.97$(U/ml) of antimicrosomal antibody. The correlation between RAIU and serum thyroid hormone levels was significantly negative, but the positive correlation between RAIU and serum TSH was noted. The correlation between thyroid hormones and TSH was significantly negative, but the positive correlation between RAIU and serum TSH was noted. The correlation between thyroid hormones and TSH was significantly negative, while antimicrosomal antibody titer revealed significantly positive correlation with TSH. The RAIU and free T4 showed negatively correlated with the increasing age. The Initial clinical findings of the patients with autoimmune thyroiditis revealed euthyroidism in 83.2%, hypothyroidism in 14.9%, and hyperthyroidism in 1.9%. The incidence of abnormally increased serum thyroglobulin, antithyroglobulin antibody, and antimicrosomal antibody were 21.3%, 97.5%, and 87.6%, respectively and these abnormalities were more frequent in the patients with documented clinical thyroid functional disturbances.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.630-637
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• 2010

The object of this study was to evaluate the effect of Lonicerae Flos, aqueous extracts of the dried flower bud part of Lonicera japonica on the 6-n-propyl-2-thiouracil (PTU)-induced rat hypothyroidism. Aqueous extracts of Lonicerae Flos (LF yield = 23.80%) were administered, once day for 42 days from 2 weeks before start of PTU treatment as an oral dose of 500 and 250 mg/kg (body weight), and hypothyroidism was induced by daily subcutaneous treatment of PTU 10 mg/kg for 28 days. The changes on the body weight, thyroid gland weights, serum thyroid hormone - thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), tri-iodothyronine ($T_3$) and thyroxine ($T_4$), serum lipid profiles - total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL) and triglyceride were observed with liver antioxidant defense system - lipid peroxidation, $H_2O_2$, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) and serum asparte aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) analysis. Results were compared with Levothyroxine ($LT_4$) 0.5 mg/kg treated rats. As results of PTU treatment, marked decreases of body weights, serum thyroid hormone levels and triglyceride contents, liver $H_2O_2_3$ and SOD activities were observed with increases of serum AST and HDL contents, liver CAT activities, thyroid gland weight. However, these PTU induced hypothyroidism were dose-dependently inhibited by treatment of LF extracts, and LF extracts effectively regulated the hypothyroidism related changes on the antioxidant defense system. The results obtained in this study suggest that LF extracts have favorable effects on the thyroid hormone productions with beneficial effects on the hypothyroidism mediated by the modulatory effects on the antioxidant defense system.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.281-287
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• 2003

This experiment was carried out to study the effect of dietary Monascus culture on the cholesterol contents of egg yolk, muscle and serum of layers with 180 Isa-Brown laying hens for 10 weeks. Control group(C) was fed the commercial laying hen diet and 2.67(T1), 5.33(T2) and 8.00(T3)% of Monascus culture which contained 0.6% monacolin-k added to control diet so as to supply the monacolin-k 20(T1), 40(T2) and 60(T3) mg respectively, per hen-day with 125g diet. Hen-day egg production and average egg weight were not affected by the dietary Monascus culture, but feed intake and feed conversion per kg egg were significantly decreased(P<0.05) as the dietary Monascus culture increased. Cholesterol contents of egg yolk measured 4~5 weeks after feeding the Monascus culture and those of thigh meat measured at the end of experiment were significantly decreased(P<0.05) as the dietary Monascus culture increased. Average cholesterol contents of serum showed a trend to decrease as the dietary Monascus culture increased without significant difference.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.22 no.7
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• pp.1032-1037
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• 2009

The present experiment was conducted to study the effects of partial replacement of spray-dried porcine protein (SDPP) or fish meal with soybean and shrimp protein hydrolysate (SSPH) on growth performance, nutrient digestibility and serum biochemical parameters in weaned pigs. Two hundred and forty 21${\pm}$2 d old pigs ((Pietrain${\times}$Duroc)${\times}$(Landrace${\times}$Large Yorkshire)) with initial weight of 6.9${\pm}$0.5 kg were randomly allocated to five dietary treatments with six replicates per treatment and eight piglets per replicate. The control diet (T1) contained 2% SDPP and 6% fishmeal, and SDPP for experimental diets T2 and T3 was replaced with 1% and 2% SSPH, respectively, on an iso-nitrogenous basis. The fishmeal for experimental diets T4 and T5 was replaced with 1% and 2% SSPH, respectively, also on an iso-nitrogenous basis. The experimental period was 21 days. The results showed that weaned piglets fed the diets containing 1% and 2% SSPH as a replacement for SDPP had similar average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), feed/gain (F/G), diarrhea rate and serum biochemical indices e.g. blood urea nitrogen (BUN), total serum protein (TP), albumin to globulin ratio (A/G), globulin (GLO), serum glucose (GLU), and immunoglobulin G (IgG) to those fed the control diet during 0-10 d and 0-21 d of the experiment. The substitution of 1% SSPH on an iso-nitrogenous basis for fish meal appeared to be beneficial for ADG (p = 0.59) and ADFI (p = 0.23) of piglets during the overall period. The digestibility of calcium was higher (p<0.01) in pigs fed diets containing SSPH than on the control diet. Addition of 1% SSPH on an iso-nitrogenous basis for fish meal could increase the digestibilities of dry matter and energy of the diet. Dietary replacement of fish meal with 1% and 2% SSPH had no effect on the concentrations of BUN, TP, A/G, GLO, GLU, and IgG. In conclusion, dietary SDPP or fish meal could partially replace SSPH without any adverse effect on growth performance, nutrient digestibility and serum biochemical parameters in weaned piglets.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.268-272
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• 1997

This study was performed to estimate the clinical signs and biochemical para meters of indicator on acute hepatic injury induced by the administration of CCl$_{4}$ in rats. Minor behavioral changer brittleness of skin hair and decreased volume of water and food intake were observed in rats after 2 hours of $CCl_{4}$ administration compared to control group. Concentration of serum albumin has shown lower than that of control group. However concentration of total bilirubin has shown higher than that of control group. As times go onto serum LDH activity was significantly increased compared to control Broup. Serum CPK activity hasn't shown change compared to control group. Passive hemagglutination that of afetoprotein was shown negative reaction in all the treatment groups and control group.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.87-94
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• 1988

To develop more reliable diagnostic measures for traumatic pericarditis in ruminant, fluctuations of serum total LDH activities and LDH isoenzymes fractions were investigated in artificially induced pericarditis of Korean native goats. Experimental group showed the tendency of increase serum LDH total activities. Effect of LDH isoenzymes on serum total LDH activities were high with decreasing order of LDH$_1$> LDH$_3$ > LDH$\sub$5/ > LDH$_2$ > LDH$_4$ and LDH$_1$ was the hightest among them. From these findings, increase of serum total LDH activities and LDH$_1$ fraction was thought to be important in traumatic pericarditis.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.19-51
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• 2003

To demonstrate the effect of massages on the skeletal muscles of immobilization ddY mice models induced by right side sciatic nerve neurectomy, the cross sectional histological profiles of the muscularis (M) gastrocnemius, M. tibialis cranialis and M. tibialis caudalis were observed after 28 days of treatment of massages with the changes of body weight, thickness of hind limb and individual muscle weights. In addition, changes of serum aspartate amino- transferase (AST) and creatine phosphokinase (CK) levels were also demonstrated with diameter of individual muscle fiber and muscle fasciculata, and number of muscle fiber in each of three types of muscles located in the calf. The experimental groups were divided into five groups, 1) Sham-operated group (Sham), 2) Neurectomized but not massage control group (Control), 3) Neurectomized and massage at knee joint regions (T1), 4) Neurectomized and massage at calf regions (T2), and 5) Neurectomized and massages at achilles tendon regions (T3). The experimental animals were used 5 per groups. The results are as follow: 1. No significant changes of body weight were demonstrated in this groups during whole experimental periods compared to that of Sham group. In addition, no significant changes of body weight gains during experimental periods (Day 0 - Day 27: 28 days of treatment) were also observed. 2. The thickness of intact left side hind limb was not changes in all tested groups compared to that of Sham group. However, the thickness of right side hind limb were remarkedly decreased in Control, T1, T2 and T3 groups compared to that of Sham group. In addition, the differences of thickness of hind limb between right and left sides were also significantly increased in Control and massage groups (T1, T2 and T3) compared to that of Sham group. However, the thickness of right side of hind limb were significantly increased and the differences of thickness between both sides of hind limb were dramatically decreased in massage groups compared to that of Control group in followed order: T1 > T3 > T2. 3. Absolute and relative weight of M. gastrocnemius in the intact left side of hind limb was not changes in all tested groups compared to that of Sham group. However, the weight of right side M. gastrocnemius were remarkedly decreased in Control, T1, T2 and T3 groups compared to that of Sham group. In addition, the differences of weight of M. gastrocnemius between right and left sides were also significantly increased in Control and massage groups compared to that of Sham group. However, the weight of right side M. gastrocnemius were significantly increased and the differences of weight between both sides of M. gastrocnemius were dramatically decreased in massage groups compared to that of Control group in followed order: T3 > T1 >. 4. Absolute and relative weight of M. tibialis cranialis in the intact left side was not changes in all tested groups compared to that of Sham group. However, the weight of right side M. tibialis cranialis were remarkedly decreased in Control, T1, T2 and T3 groups compared to that of Sham group. In addition, the differences of weight of M. tibialis cranialis between right and left sides were also significantly increased in Control and massage groups compared to that of Sham group. However, the weight of right side M. tibialis cranialis were significantly increased and . the differences of weight between both sides of M. tibialis cranialis were dramatically decreased in massage groups compared to that of Control group in followed order: T3 > T1 > T2. 5. Absolute and relative weight of M. tibialis caudalis in the intact left side was not changes in all tested groups compared to that of Sham group. However, the weight of right side M. tibialis caudalis were remarkedly decreased in Control, T1, T2 and T3 groups compared to that of Sham group. In addition, the differences of weight of M. tibialis caudalis between right and left sides were also significantly increased in Control and massage groups compared to that of Sham group. However, the weight of right side M. tibialis caudalis were significantly increased and the differences of weight between both sides of M. tibialis caudalis were dramatically decreased in massage groups compared to that of Control group in followed order: T3 > T1 > T2. 6. A significant increase of serum AST levels were demonstrated in Control group. However, serum AST levels of massage groups were significantly decreased compared to that of Control group in followed order: T3 > T1 > T2. In case of 73 group, the values decreased into similar levels compared to that of Sham group. 7. A significant increase of serum CK levels were demonstrated in Control group. However, serum CK levels of massage groups were significantly decreased compared to that of Control group in followed order: T3 > T1 > T2.