• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.295-309
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• 2022

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the operational characteristics of wastewater treatment using Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) with Aerobic Granular Sludge (AGS) separator in the pilot plant. Pilot plant experiments were conducted using SBR with AGS separator and pollution removal efficiencies were evaluated based on the operational condition and surface properties of AGS. The results of the operation on water quality of the effluent showed that the average concentration of total organic carbon, suspended solids, nitrogen, and phosphorus was 6.89 mg/L, 7.33 mg/L, 7.33 mg/L, and 0.2 mg/L, respectively. All these concentrations complied the effluent standard in Korea. The concentration of mixed liquor suspended solid (MLSS) fluctuated, but the AGS/MLSS ratio was constant at 86.5±1.3%. Although the AGS/MLSS ratio was constant, sludge volume index improved. These results suggested that the particle discharged fine sludge and increased the AGS praticle size in the AGS. Optical microscopy revealed the presence of dense AGS at the end of the operation, and particles of > 0.6 mm were found. Compared to those of belt-type AGS separator, the required area and power consumption of the hydrocyclone-type AGS separator were reduced by 27.5% and 83.8%, respectively.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.457-468
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• 2013

Based on the activated sludge model(ASM), a mathematical model which represents the aerobic sludge digestion by sequencing batch reactor(SBR) combined with ultrasonic treatment was composed and performed in this study. Aerobic digestion using sequencing batch reactor(SBR) equipped with ultrasound treatment was also experimented for the purpose of parameter calibration. Most of the presented kinetic parameters in ASM or ASM2 could be used for the aerobic digestion of sludge but the parameters related in hydrolysis and decay rate needed modification. Hydrolysis rate constant of organic matter in aerobic condition was estimated at $0.3day^{-1}$ and the maximum growth rate for autotrophs in aerobic condition was $0.618day^{-1}$. Solubilization reactions of particulate organics and nitrogen by ultrasonication was added in this kinetic model. The solubilization rate is considered to be proportional to the specific energy which is defined by specific ultrasound power and sonication time. The solubilization rate constant by ultrasonication was estimated at $0.202(W/L)^{-1}day^{-1}$ in this study. Autotrophs as well as heterotrophs also decomposed by ultrasonic treatment and the nitrification reaction was limited by the lack of autotrophs accumulation in the digester.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.46-51
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• 2007

This research work aims at treating saline wastewater generated from a fish market using four Sequencing Batch Reactors (SBR) operated under different conditions. The effect of C/N ratio (3, 6) and salt concentration (0.5~2%) on organic and nitrogen removal was studied. The synthetic wastewater prepared with glucose ($C_6H_{12}O_6$) as the primary carbon source along with ammonium chloride ($NH_4Cl$) was used in the three reactors. The fill, anoxic, aeration, settle and draw conditions were 2 hr, 4 hr, 4 hr and 2 hr respectively. The fourth reactor was operated at different conditions to investigate the practical feasibility of SBR application to handle fish market wastewater generated in Ulsan city that had fluctuating loading characteristics. Though the unacclimated sludge was initially affected by the salt concentration, the acclimated sludge removed 95% of the organics irrespective of the NaCl concentration and C/N ratio. However, the removal of nitrogen was affected more by C/N ratio than the salt concentration. While handling fish market wastewater, though the organic and nitrogen loading rate were varying between $0.009{\sim}0.259gCOD_{OH}/gVSS/day$ and 0.005~0.034 gN/gVSS/day, the effluent concentrations were far less than the effluent standard of $120mgCOD_{OH}/L$ and 60 mgN/L respectively, except when loading rates were fluctuating and 4 times higher than the average.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.680-688
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• 2004

A sequencing batch reactor (SBR) was operated to investigate the degradation and removal of non-ionic surfactant, nonylphenol ethoxylates (NPEOs) in wastewater using lab scale experimental apparatus. About 5mg/L of NPEO was introduced and only < 0.1mg/L of NPEOs and nonylphenol(NP) in total was detected in treated effluent. In the effluent, long chain ethoxylates (NPEO12-15) were not detected, but short chain ethoxylates (NPEO1,2) were in relatively high concentration. NPEOs in the mixed liquor disappeared more rapidly in anaerobic condition than in aerobic condition.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.49-54
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• 2002

Poly acrylamide(PAA)와 활성슬러지를 포괄법 에 의하여 고정화 담체를 제조하였다. 이 고정 화 담체를 이용하여 폐수처리에서의 적용 가능성과 특성을 조사하였다. 본 연구에서는 실제 폐수처리 공정에 적합한 12% acrylamide농도의 담체를 구하였다. 그리고 sequencing batch reactor(SBR)에서 30일 동안 운전한 결과, TOC와 인의 제거효율이 각각 95%와 70%를 나타내었다. 또한 이 연구 결과로부터 반복적인 혐기와 호기 조건의 사이클 운전이 TOC와 인의 제거효율을 향상시킴을 알 수 있었으며, 운전기간 중에 PAA고정화 담체는 깨짐이 없이 사용되었다.

• 한국막학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국막학회 2001년도 추계 총회 및 학술발표회(한국막학회)
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• pp.135-138
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• 2001

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.302-310
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• 2017

The morphological characteristics of granules developing in anaerobic-anoxic (An-Ax) and anaerobic-aerobic (An-Ox) sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) were examined. The granules developed in the both SBRs after 200 days of laboratory operation. The average diameters of the granules were $2.2{\pm}1.7mm$ in the An-Ax SBR and $0.4{\pm}0.3mm$ in the An-Ox SBR. To determine the possible factors affecting morphology of granules a comparative analysis of various operating conditions from reference data indicated that the availability and type of electron acceptors is a key factor determining the granulation process and granular morphology.

• 유기물자원화
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.119-126
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• 2001

혼합배양계에서 활성오니를 이용하여 유기성폐수로부터 생분해성프라스틱 생산 공정이 연구 검토되었다. 공정은 크게 PHA를 생산할 수 있는 미생물을 선택 분리하는 선택반응기와 분리된 미생물을 이용하여 PHA를 축적 생산하는 축적반응기로 구성되었는데 선택반응기로는 연속회분식반응기(SBR)가 이용되어 초기 접종된 활성오니로부터 PHA 축적미생물을 분리하기 위해 부영양/빈영양 영역을 반복 운전하였으며 PHA 축적미생물은 어떠한 성장 제한이 없는 SBR에서 잘 성장하였으나 PHA 축적률은 미미하였다. 미생물내 PHA 축적을 증대시키기 위해서는 비탄소원의 영양원이 제한된 조건에서 배양이 필요하게되어 별도의 축적반응기를 이용 실험을 실시한 결과 산소 제한은 효율적이지 못하였고 인과 질소 성분의 제한 조건에서 PHA 축적이 비교적 높게 나타났다. 특히 질소 제한조건하의 유가식 기질 공급 실험에서 PHA가 건량기준으로 미생물내 60%까지 축적되는 결과를 보여주었고 PHA 축적속도는 미생물내 PHA 함량에 크게 의존하여 PHA의 함량이 증가됨에 따라 감소하였다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.383-390
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• 2008

Recently, the interests on economical nitrogen removal from wastewater are growing. As a method of the novel nitrogen removal technology, nitrogen removal via nitrite pathway by selective inhibition of free ammonia and free nitrous acid on nitrite oxidizing bacteria have been intensively studied. The inhibition effects of free ammonia and free nitrous acid are low when domestic wastewater is used, however, because of its relatively lower nitrogen concentration than the wastewater from industry and landfill, etc. In this study, a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) is proposed for nitrogen removal to investigate the effect of the low nitrogen concentration on nitrite accumulation. Nitrification efficiency reached almost 100% during the aerobic cycle and the maximum specific nitrification rate ($V_{max,nit}$) reached $17.8mg\;NH_4{^+}-N/g\;MLVSS{\bullet}h$. During the anoxic cycle, average denitrification efficiency reached 87% and the maximum specific denitrification rate ($V_{max,den}$) reached $9.8mg\;NO_3{^-}-N/g\;MLVSS{\bullet}h$. From the analysis the main reason of nitrite accumulation in the SBR was free nitrous acid rather than free ammonia. Nitrite accumulation increased with the decrease of organic content in the wastewater and the mechanism is not well understood yet. From the result of fluorescent in situ hybridization, the distribution of nitrite oxidizing bacteria was in equilibrium with ammonium oxidizing bacteria when nitrite accumulation did not occur.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.145-152
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• 1993

An experimental research was conducted in order to study the treatability of leachate and a combined wastewater of municipal landfill leachate and municipal sewage. The landfill leachate was that of Nanjido landfill site, and the municipal sewage was obtained from Chungnang municipal sewage treatment plant of Seoul. Several sets of bench-scale sequencing batch reactor(SBR) were used as experimental apparatus. Specially investigated items in this experiment were the removal efficiency of substrate and the influence of the hydraulic retention time(HRT). The experiment lasted for about 8 months. The result are as follows ; 1) The characteristics of leachate were pH 7.4~8.1, BOD 280~450 mg/l, COD 1300 ~ 1350 mg/l, T-N 2021 ~2110 mg/1,7-P 2.7 ~3.2 mg/l, Cl-3540 ~4085 mg/l, and heavy metals are a very small amount. And the characteristics of sewage Ivere pH 6.9~7.3, BOD 78.4~129.3 mg/1, COD 121.2~305.0 mg/l, T-N 14.9~36.4 mg/l, T-P 1.3 ~5.9 mg/l. 2) The treatability of leachate alone was not treat well. So for the good treatment of leachate, it was necessary to deal with the pretreatment before biological treatment and a combined treatment of municipal serfage. 3) The various contents of the leachate were 5%, 10%, and 50% and the removal efficiency of COD was 86.0%, 82.8%, 60.6%, and 31.7%. The maximum content of the leachate which could be sucessfully treated by SBR in the combined treatment was 10% of that of sewage.