• 보건행정학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.93-114
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• 2011

This study was conducted to identify college students' supportive attitude toward the elderly and their awareness of the socialization of care for the elderly, since they will have the responsibility for and the support of the aged society in the near future. This study was also conducted to analyze the factors which affect the socialization of elderly care, and to contribute to building a care system which promotes ahealthy and happy lifestyle for the elderly. After conducting a survey of 1,100 students from13 universities around the entire country, I have analyzed 1,089 data forms, and omitted 11 data entries which had errors or were not answered. 1. Those surveyed are 1,089 students from 13 universities around the entire country. Regional distributions are as follows : 263 students from 4 universities in Daegu and Kyongsangbuk Do(24.2%), 291 students from 3 universities in Busan and Kyongsangnam Do(26.7%), 272 students from 2 universities in Jeolla Do(25.0%), 263 students from 4 universities in Seoul and Gyeonggi Do. Males are 51.7% and females are 48.3% of these students. 2. Instrumental supportive sense level is high in men and emotional supportive sense level is higher in women. Also emotional supportive sense is higher in groups of those having more family members and coming from agricultural regions. 3. The sense of living with aged parents is higher in those living with grandparents than those living separate. The sense of living with sons and daughters after aging is stronger in the students from the Science and Engineering Departments than in the Social and Human Sciences Departments; also higher for men than women. 4. Recognition of elderly care socialization is higher in those from Social and Human Sciences Departments than from Science and Engineering Departments; higher in the case of upper classmenand aged groups, groups having fewer family members than more family members, and in the case of living separated from grandparents. 5. The factors affecting the sense of living with grandparents were family cohesion and instrumental supportive sense. The factors affecting the sense of elderly care socialization were family cohesion, instrumental supportive sense, and emotional supportive sense. From the results it is concluded that to insure a healthy and happy lifestyle for aged people, elderly care socialization offered by society and the country must provide desirable, appropriate care services based on the centralized support system of the family. In order to do this, we propose that elderly care needs inter-family and inter-generational fusion programs to improve family cohesion and care recognition. Also, elderly care is in urgent need to build a strong Family and Health Welfare System for care socialization.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.66-74
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• 2012

It is well known that sunflower (SF) sprout has more beneficial effects than SF seed due to increased levels of phytochemical components such as vitamins, total phenolics, and isoflavones during germination. This study investigated the physicochemical properties and antioxidative activities of SF seed during both germination and cultivation. In a proximate analysis, the water content of SF groat was 9.17% and then increased to 15.32% on the 11th day after seeding. On a dry weight basis, crude fat content decreased while the contents of carbohydrates, crude protein, and crude ash increased. As cultivation proceeded, the contents of minerals were in decreasing order of K, Mg, Ca, Na, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu, in which SF sprout cultivated for 9 or 11 days contained the highest mineral contents. Though vitamin C was not detected on SF groat, the content of vitamin C continuously increased up to the 5th day of cultivation and then decreased gradually. Vitamin E content in SF groat was higher than that in SF sprout. It was also found that the vitamin E content in SF sprout was the highest on the 5th day of cultivation. Daidzin was not detected in SF groat, but its concentration reached a maximum on the 5th day of cultivation in SF sprouts. Furthermore, higher amounts of daidzein were observed on the 3rd, 5th, and 9th days of cultivation. The highest total isoflavone content was observed on either the 3rd or 5th day of cultivation. The highest content of total phenolics was observed on the 5th of cultivation. When DPPH radical and peroxyl radical scavenging activities of SF sprout were measured in order to measure antioxidant efficacy, it was found that 5 day-cultivated SF sprout had the highest scavenging activities. In conclusion, SF sprout cultivated for 9 or 11 days was found to be a good source of minerals. Furthermore, the fifth-day after seeding was the optimal time for the production of SF sprout with effective natural antioxidant activity and high amounts of functional components such as vitamins, total phenolics, and isoflavones.

• 병원약사회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.441-452
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• 2018

Background : The prevalence of the chronic metabolic disease is increasing due to the aging society. Therefore, Korean Society of Health-system Pharmacists (KSHP) has a specialty pharmacist system to improve the professionalism of pharmacists. The purpose of this study is to suggest the difference between specialty pharmacist and non-specialty pharmacist with regards to their knowledge, delivery of information on medication, service provision, and job satisfaction. Methods : An online survey research was conducted for hospital pharmacists. The reliability of the questionnaire items was presented using Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ test. The t-test or ANOVA analysis was used for evaluating differences in continuous variables. Results : A total of 171 pharmacists responded to the questionnaire, and 87.7% of the respondents were aged less than 30 years (76.6%) and four-year graduates (86.0%). Typically, 108 (63.2%) were candidates for the pharmacist's specialty certificate, and the remaining 63 (36.8%) were not enrolled. Considering the field of specialty with overlapping, the total number of certificated patients was 140 (26.3% of the total of 532 in 2016). The results of the reliability analysis of the specific questionnaire showed that the Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ value was over 0.78. There was no significant difference in customer directionality between the two groups. However, there was a significant difference (p<0.05) with respect to overall knowledge about the treatment process, drug efficacy, and side effects, information about medicines and adverse drug reactions, and in providing appropriate information to medical staff including patients and physicians. Conclusions : The pharmacist with specialization showed a positive result of self-evaluation of items such as knowledge about drugs, communication of information on medications, and service provision, compared to other pharmacists, and the result was in correlation with the numbers of specialization. There was no difference in job satisfaction related to working environment. Henceforth, it is hypothesized that there is a necessity for continuous improvement in the working environment to suit the purpose of the pharmacy specialist system.

• 벤처창업연구
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.223-233
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• 2013

학교의 안전과 질서를 유지하기 위한 관리활동은 학교경영의 주요활동 중에 하나이다. 본 연구는 효과적인 학교 경영을 위하여 청소년들의 자살생각 영향요인을 규명하여 청소년 자살생각의 위험요인을 차단하고 보호요인을 강화할 수 있는 방안을 모색하고자 하는 목적으로 진행되었다. 이를 위하여 청소년 자살생각에 미치는 위험요인으로 청소년의 우울과 스트레스 정도를 분석하고 자살생각으로부터의 보호요인으로 추정되는 사회적 지지의 효과성을 검증하였다. 분석결과 첫째, 일상생활 스트레스 전체와 자살생각 간의 상관관계는 정적 상관관계로서 일상생활에서 스트레스를 많이 받을수록 자살생각이 많아짐을 나타내었다. 둘째, 우울과 자살생각과는 정적 상관관계를 보여 우울이 심할수록 자살에 대한 생각이 많아짐을 나타내었다. 셋째, 사회적 지지와 자살생각은 부적인 관계성을 보여 사회적 지지가 높을수록 자살생각이 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 연구결과에 의하면 청소년의 자살은 예방적 차원에서의 접근이 무엇보다 중요하다. 또한 분석결과는 청소년 자살을 예방하기 위해서는 청소년의 자살생각 위험요인을 완화시킬 수 있는 사회적 지지가 필요함을 보여준다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 사회적 지지를 강화할 수 있는 사회적 관심과 지지체계의 형성, 이를 통한 예방적 접근의 필요성, 자살생각 강화요인에 대한 대안적 프로그램의 접근, 사례관리 및 집단프로그램의 방법활용 등 청소년 관련기관과 전문가의 개입과 통합적 관리, 학교환경의 개선과 변화가 필요함을 제언하였다.

• 정신신체의학
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.3-11
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• 1997

In becoming parents, the marital partners enter into a new developmental phase. The conception of the child is an act of mutual creativity during which the boundaries between the self and another were temporarily obliterated more completely than at any time since infancy. The infant is a physical fusion of the parents, and their personalities unite within the child. for many women, creativity as a mother becomes a central matter that provides meaning and balance to their lives. The husband usually has strong desires for an offspring and can be transformed by it. The child can profoundly affect one or both parents, and the influences are reciprocal-a child's needs or specific difficulties uncover a parent's inadequacy. following the child's development, each transition into a new developmental phase requires an adaptation by the parents, and one or another of these required adaptations may disturb a parent's equilibirium. And the personality changes, emotional difficulties, and regressions of a spouse that occur in response to some phase of parenthood can upset the marriage. Not only do children identify with parents, but parents also identify with their children. The parents take pleasure in child's joy and suffer with the child's pain more than in almost any other relationship. certain respects e parents lives again in the child. Through the process of identification the child can also provide one of the two parents with the opportunity to experience intimately the way in which a person of the opposite gender grows up. Parenthood also provides the opportunity to be loved, admired, and needed simply because one is a parent and, as such, a central and necessary object in the young child's life. The many potentialities for emotional satisfactions from parenthood manage to outweigh the tribulations and sacrifices that are required. The child also exerts an indirect effect through changing the parent's position in the society, for new sets of relationships are established as the parents are drawn to other couples with children of the same age, and for a new impetus toward economic and social mobility often possesses the parents. frequently the couple's relatedness to their own parents improves and grows firmer once again. Parenthood, the satisfactions it provides and the demands it makes, varies as life progresses : and changes with the parent's interests, needs, and age as well as with the children's maturation. There are phases in the child's life that the parents are reluctant to have pass, whereas they tolerate others largely through knowing that they will soon be over. The changing lives of the children provide many satisfactions that offset the tribulations, uncertainties, and regrets. The parents change. The young father, who was just starting on his carrier whom the first child was born, settles into a life pattern. He becomes secure with increasing achievement and interacts differently with the youngest child and provides a different model for him than for the oldest. The mother may have less time for a second or third child than for her first, but she may also be more assured in her handling of them. The birth of a baby when the parents art in their late thirties will find them Less capable of physical exertion with the child and less tolerant of annoyances, but they are less apt to be annoyed. Eventually the children min and leave home, but the couple do not cease to be parents.

• 화훼연구
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.125-135
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• 2010

한국, 중국, 일본의 전통 꽃꽂이 특징을 알아보기 위해 문헌과 궁중 행사 장식용으로 이용되었던 전통 궁중회화를 이용하여 조형의 요소와 원리로 비교 분석하였으며 시대선정은 한국의 조선, 중국의 명, 일본의 에도 시대로 한정하였다. 유사점은 한 중 일 모두 꽃꽂이의 기원을 원시신앙에 두었으며 조형적인 형태가 발생한 시점은 불전공화에 두었다. 이용된 소재는 아취가 있는 화목류를 주로 사용하였으며 자연의 모습을 존중하고 심상적인 표현을 하였다(Fig. 1a-c). 기술적인 부분은 수제(水際)부분이 있었으며 선을 이용하여 한 가지에서 나온 것처럼 줄기를 모아 꽂았다(Fig. 2a-c). 차이점은 한국이 두 나라에 비해 소재의 수를 적게 사용하였고, 양감적이었으며, 도식화된 타원형으로 의궤에 계승되어 내려왔다(Hong, 2001). 또한 중국보다 조형적이었으나 일본보다는 자연미가 있었고 좌우균제의 미가 발달해 있었다(Fig. 3a-c). 한국의 꽃꽂이는 여백 처리와 선의 각도 변화가 크지 않아 부드럽고 온화하였으며 규모는 일본보다 더 큰 형태를 선호하였다(Table 1). 또한 화목류의 단일 소재 사용으로 화려함 보다는 조용함과 소박함이 있었다(Fig. 4a-c). 반면 한국에 비해 중국과 일본은 비균제의 미가 발달하였으며 많은 종류의 소재를 사용하여 화려하였고 화기의 외부 형태도 섬세한 디자인으로 되어있었다(Fig. 1a-c). 중국의 특징은 다양한 소재로 화려함과 풍부함, 소재에 인공을 가하지 않은 자연의 미였다(Fig. 1b). 그러나 형식을 경계하여 조형적으로 일본처럼 접근하여 발전시키지 못했다. 일본은 한국보다 다양한 소재와 각도의 변화로 화려하며, 섬세한 여백의 분할로 인공적인 기교가 극치를 이루었고, 격식에 맞춰 곡선과 직선의 대비로 선이 날카롭고 강하였다. 또한 제한된 주지의 각도 변화로 여백이 많아 가벼웠으며, 불균제의 미가 발달해 있었다(Fig. 1c).

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.181-187
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• 2001

포유동물의 혈중 프로락틴 농도는 일주기와 연주기의 변화를 나타내며 송과체에서 분비되는 멜라토닌이 조절인자로 관여한다. 인위적인 송과체의 기능 억제는 혈중 프로락틴 농도를 증가시킨다. 임신 후반기에 태반에서는 수종의 프로락틴군 호르몬들이 분비되어 태반기능 및 배아발생에 중요한 역할을 한다. 그러나 이들 호르몬 유전자들의 발현 조절기작과 조절 인자들에 관한 연구 결과는 미비하다. 본 연구에서는 RT-PCR과, in situ hybridization 방법으로 흰쥐의 태반에서 Me $l_{la}$ 유전자의 발현을 확인하였다. 발현되는 주요 세포는 junctional zone과 labyrinth zone의 spongiotrophoblast 세포와 trophoblast giant세포였다. 특이한 것은junctional zone의 Me $l_{la}$ 유전자의 발현이 밤시간(22:00)에 비하여 낮시간(16:00)에 높게 조사되었다. 그리고 멜라토닌 수용체 agonist인 chloromelatonin은 PLP-A 유전자의 발현을 억제하였다. 이러한 결과들로 보아 흰쥐의 태반에서 Me $l_{la}$ 유전자가 발현되며, 멜라토닌에 의해 유도되는 Me $l_{la}$ 의 활성화는 PLP-A유전자의 발현에 중요한 조절인자로 작용할 것이다.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.131-149
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• 2016

The aims of this study are to investigate the impact of the experience of exposure to domestic violence(witnessed interparental conjugal violence and child abuse) on mental health among college students, and to explore whether social support acts as a moderator between domestic violence and mental health. Through this process, I intended to provide a reference base to suggest substantial interventions for family welfare by helping students to overcome negative domestic violence exposure experiences and adapt as healthy members of society. To achieve this goal, the study established a conceptual framework by considering the mental health of adolescents with domestic-violence exposure experience as a dependent variable, domestic violence exposure experience (witnessed interparental conjugal violence and child abuse) as an independent variable, and social support as a moderator of the relationship between these two variables. The subjects composed 747 college students in 8 colleges in Seoul. The main summary of this study is as follows: First, according to the analysis of domestic-violence exposure experience, all the subjects of this study had substantial experience of violence at home and witnessed interparental conjugal violence. These students scored 3.83 points in social support, higher than the median of 3, implying that these students had a higher awareness of social support. Moreover, their mental health score was 3.50 points, which is higher than the median of 3, indicating a somewhat positive tendency toward mental health. Second, to explore the moderating effects of social support between child violence experience and mental health, gender, age, financial status, academic-performance, child abuse and social support were input in the first step, and then buffering effects were examined by entering an interaction term to the first step in the second step. There was a significant interaction between social support and mental health. Therefore, social support was identified as having moderating effects on the relationship between child violence and mental health. Third, the analysis of moderating effects of social support between witnessed interparental conjugal violence and mental health revealed that social support had a positive influence on mental health in the first step. By contrast, the interaction term of witnessed interparental conjugal violence and social support showed no significance, indicating no moderating effect of social support in the second step. To sum up, social support served as a moderator for mental health among college students with child abuse experience, but had no moderating effect on witnessed interparental conjugal violence experience.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.179-184
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• 2005

본 연구는 경기지역에 위치한 치위생과 2, 3학년 학생을 대상으로 구강암에 대한 지식과 태도 및 신념을 파악하고자 하였으며, 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 구강건강에 대한 태도를 알아본 결과 응답자의 41.0%가 구강질환을 경험한 적이 있었으며, 발생 시에는 대부분 치과의원을 이용하는 것으로 나타났다. 구강검진 또한 치과의원에서 1년에 1번씩 검진을 받는다는 응답이 가장 많았으며, 구강건강에 우식성 식품의 섭취가 가장 좋지 않다고 답하였다. 2. 구강건강에 대한 신념에 있어서 42.9%가 본인의 구강이 건강하다고 생각하고 있었으며, 88.6%는 본인의 구강에 대해 염려가 된다고 하였다. 3. 구강암에 대한 지식에서 63.3%가 학교에서 알게 되었으며, 32.2%만이 구강암에 대한 예방법을 알고 있다고 답하였다. 구강암의 치료방법에서 수술이 가장 높게 나타났다. 4. 구강암에 대한 태도에 있어 구강암의 관심정도를 알아본 결과 45.4%가 관심이 있다고 답하였다. 5. 구강암의 신념에서는 불량한 구강환경을 구강암의 첫 번째 원인으로 꼽고 있으며, 91.3%가 구강암이 심각하다고 생각하고 있었다. 또한 응답자의 대부분은 구강암에 대한 예방과 치료가 모두 가능하다고 답하였다. 구강암 예방을 위해 정기적인 구강검진이 가장 중요하다고 하였다. 6. 구강건강과 구강암에 대한 신념의 상관관계를 조사한 결과 약한 양의 상관관계로 구강에 대한 염려가 높을수록 구강암에 대한 관심도가 높고 구강암에 대해서도 심각하다고 생각하고 있었으며, 통계적으로 유의한 관계를 보이고 있었다.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.37-45
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• 1979

본(本) 연구(硏究)는 임업(林業) 생산(生産)의 주축(主軸)을 형성(形成)하고 있는 산촌(山村)이란 특수지역(特殊地域)을 대상(對象)으로 산촌입구(山村入口)의 대량(大量) 유출(流出) 현상을 고찰하고 산촌(山村) 노동력(勞動力)의 변화(變化)가 농가경영(農家經營)과 임업생산(林業生産)에 미치고 있는 파급(波及) 양상(樣相)을 분석(分析) 검토(檢討)하고자 시도 되었으며 그 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 산촌내(山村內) 입구(入口)의 대량(大量) 유출(流出)은 70년대(年代) 중반(中半)부터 표면화(表面化)되고 있으며 전출(轉出) 속도(速度)는 점차 가속화(加速化) 하고 있다. 2. 입구(入口) 유출(流出)은 임업생산(林業生産)이 활발(活發)치 못한 지역(地域)에서 임업생산(林業生産)이 활발(活發)한 지역(地域)보다 더욱 심하다. 3. 임업(林業)이 선진(先進)한 산촌(山村)에서는 임업생산(林業生産) 활동(活動)을 통(通)해 농가(農家)의 잉여축적(剩余蓄積)이 가능(可能)하였고 농민층(農民層)의 분화(分化) 현상(現象)이 나타나고 있으며 농촌업(農村業)을 중심(中心)으로 하는 농가(農家)의 겸업화(兼業化)가 진행(進行)중에 있다. 4. 산촌(山村)의 입구유출(入口流出)은 16~30재(才) 계층(階層)이 82~85%를 차지하고 있으며 결과적(結果的)으로 노동력(勞動力)의 노령화(老令化) 부녀화(婦女化) 등 질적(質的) 저하(低下) 현상이 현재화(顯在化)하고 있다. 5. 임업노동(林業勞動) 시장(市場)의 성격(性格)은 유촌지역내(由村地域內)에서 수급(需給)이 조절되던 과거(過去)의 폐쇄적(閉鎖的)인 모습에서 개방적(開放的)인 모습으로 변화(變化)되어 가고 있다.