• Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
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• 2007.06a
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• pp.159-159
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• 2007

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.10 no.3 s.32
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• pp.48-53
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• 2006

In case of fire and explosion which resulted from LP gas release of LPG vessel retail store, the populated area such as apartment complex is supposed to be damaged either partially or totally. To estimate the damage of LP gas explosion, we conducted quantitative risk analysis procedure as has been recommended by AIChE/CCPS. For incident scenario selection, event tree analysis was proposed. TNT equivalent method, SAFER Trace v.8.0 and probit model were also used for consequence analysis. The various methods and analyses which were performed in this study are presented with the effect zones in the layout.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.95-101
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• 2004

As a part of acoustical design, it is often necessary to quantify aspects of an existing environment and to predict the result of adding an acoustical treatment. The most common sources of exterior noise, also termed as environmental noise,(or community noise) are traffic noise, air craft noise, industrial noise, etc. Transportation(air, road, and rail)noise is the dominant and most common source of noise exposure in residential neighborhoods, and the annoyance is its most consequential effect. The road traffic noise becomes aggravated due to the rapid increase of vehicles. It has a great effect on the dwelling environment. Therefore we investigate the characteristics and sources of the road traffic noise through grasping the status of the road traffic noise. In the present study, preceding studies investigated the noise level of urban areas in Seoul were reviewed and the noise level of urban areas in Seoul was measured at first, fifth, tenth, and nineteenth floor for two days of weekdays and two days of weekend.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.47-55
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• 2011

Cicada is a very familiar insect to people but habitat characteristics of them are not well known. To investigate habitat characteristics of cicada nymph, plant species, plant cover, soil hardness, accumulated organic mass, organic content in soil, and root density were investigated at 11 sites in an apartment complex garden in Seoul. Selected sites had different densities of cicada nymph case above the ground. Density of cicada nymph case was positively correlated with accumulated organic mass, organic content in soil, and root density and negatively correlated with soil hardness. Even though shrub coverage was not linearly correlated with the density of cicada nymph case, 80% cover of shrub was necessary for the high density of them. Data in this study suggested that organic matter in addition to root density be the primary limitation factor of cicada nymph and high amount of litter-fall decrease soil hardness through the increase of soil organic matter. This study suggests that the density of cicada nymph can be managed through organic content in soil.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Geothermal and Hydrothermal Energy
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.16-22
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• 2011

Since 1970s, energy-saving design criteria of buildings has been improved through numerous revisions. The purpose of this research is to show how energy saving design criteria affects heating energy consumption of apartments using district heating. Heating energy consumption has been measured in 4 apartments located in Gyeonggi province, Korea from Nov. 1,2007 through Oct. 31, 2008. Collected data was regressed to linear correlations. Heating energy consumptions were calculated for past, present and future energy-saving design criteria, which are outdoor temperature, ventilation and insulation. The results show that present design criteria has reduced heating energy consumption by 15%, and the future criteria will reduce the energy consumption by 42% compared to the criteria before 2001.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2020.07a
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• pp.657-659
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• 2020

공동주택 전기 요금제에는 호별 계약, 단일계약 및 종합계약으로 분류된다. 호별계약은 저압전력이 공급되는 공동 주택에 적용되며, 세대별 사용량에는 주택용 저압요금제가 적용되고 공동부 전기 사용량에는 일반용 저압 또는 주택용 저압 요금제가 적용된다. 단일계약과 종합계약은 고압전력이 공급되는 공동주택에 적용된다. 단일계약은 공동주택 세대별 사용량과 공용설비 전기 사용량을 합산하고 평균하여, 평균세대의 전기요금량을 기준으로 주택용 고압 요금을 적용하여 공동주택 전기 요금을 산정하는 방식이다. 종합계약은 공용설비 전기 사용량에는 일반용 고압요금을 적용하지만, 세대별 전기 사용량에 대해서는 주택용 저압 요금을 적용하여 공동주택 전기 요금을 산정하는 방식이다. 공동주택에서는 3가지 요금제중 하나를 선택하여 한국전력과 계약을 맺을 수 있다. 고압전기를 공급받는 공동주택은 상황에 따라 단일계약이 유리한 경우도 있고, 종합계약이 유리한 경우도 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 공동주택에서 전기요금을 시뮬레이션하여 각 공동 주택에 적절한 요금제를 선택하는 의사결정을 지원할 수 있는 공동주택 전기요금 시뮬레이터를 설계하고 개발하고자 한다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 공동주택 전기요금 시뮬레이터의 요구사항을 분석하고, 시뮬레이터를 설계하고, 공동주택 전기요금 시뮬레이터 프로토타입을 개발하였다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.89-97
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• 2007

This study analyzed the lpcd of 25 districts in Seoul using random samples of residents in Seoul selected by computer selecting system. By classifying these samples according to the type of houses(tenement houses, apartment houses and detached houses), the type of districts, the effects of the number of residents in a house and the type of the houses on tap water use are analyzed. From these samples, the consumption of tap water per capita day(lpcd) in Seoul can be estimated statistically. It is also observed that the lpcd decreases as the flat-dwellers increase. As the dwellers increase from 1 to 2, from 2 to 3, from 3 to 4 and from 4 to 5, lpcd has decreased by 47.6%, 20.8%, 16.9%, and 9.0%, respectively. The regression curve, which fits the tendency of decrease well, is represented by an power function. And the estimated linear regression equation shows that the average decreasing rate of lpcd as flat dwellers increasing is 12%.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.65-74
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to grasp the retention status of household items for children and the real condition of storage targeting dual career families of living in 3-bedroom apartment. To do this, a field survey was conducted by having subjects as 30 households of conforming with the requirements. This led to understanding kinds and quantities of household items for children inside the residence and to surveying the present status on household items of being stored by room, thereby having analyzed a difference in household items according to children's age. The survey results are as follows. First, the household items for children within dwelling were indicated to be totally 145 detailed items. In the quantities of the detailed items, a great difference was shown by age in clothes, books, teaching aids, toys, and stationery. Second, as a result of examining a place of being stored the household items for children, the household items in great quantities were found in living room, room 1, and room 3 even in addition to room 2 that is children's room. Third, in consequence of looking at the storage status of household items for children by age level, it could be known that very different household items are being used depending on children's age, and that a place of storing household items is much varied by age. This outcome could lead to being capable of knowing that one-child families living in 3-bedroom apartment are using every room focusing on child, and that child's household items are being disorderedly stored in each space, thereby requiring the systematic storage plans so much that reflect the real situation.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.429-448
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• 2008

The number of public libraries is not good enough in Korea. The main reasons why there are not many libraries are: the lack of people's recognition of necessity and importance of public libraries, stingy investment by the central and local governments for building public libraries, and no policy on effective building of public libraries. Now, there should be a policy on building and operating small-size public libraries that the developed country adopts. Redevelopment of local areas and reconstruction of old apartment complex are the best chance of building small-size libraries in those areas. The apartment complex in which this study took place is going to be reconstructed in the near future. A small-size library can be built with a district office and a post-office as a multi-complex building. Building a small-size library with public institutions or business buildings in the place of redevelopment of local areas and reconstruction of old apartment complex is one of the best solution of solving the lack of public libraries in Korea.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.145-153
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to find out apartment residents' consciousness and needs of their community facility by age group as to provide basic data for future community facility planning. For this study, 12 national rental apartment complexes in the Seoul Metropolitan area were selected, and the residents of diverse age groups were surveyed including children, adolescents, adults, and elders regarding their attitude, satisfaction, and necessity of using the community space, and their requests for programs and locations of the community space. As for the analysis method, statistical software, SPSS for Windows 14.0, was used, and total of 891 questionnaires were analyzed for the survey. The findings of this study are as follows. 1) As to major activities in national rental apartment community facilities, older residents tended to show more interest in health, while younger residents tended to show more interest in leisure. 2) The residents' satisfaction about community facilities was the highest among children, and was the lowest among adults in general. Particularly, the facilities that were designed for specific age groups of users showed high satisfaction among users. Therefore, community facilities need to be planned in consideration of each age group of users. 3) Residents' requests for community facilities, in general, were found more among adults and elders than among children and adolescents. Elders made requests for the green environment, and adults made requests for facilities for family uses. 4) As to the results of surveying the requests about community facility programs, children, adolescents, and adults all made requests for programs regarding leisure activities. However, elders made requests for programs related to health or communication with neighbors. Therefore, the purposes and requests of using community facilities need to be identified precisely and then plan them accordingly and effectively.