• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.39-49
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• 1997

본 연구는 서울대도시권을 대상으로 토지이용패턴과 통행수단선택간의 관계를 경헙적으로 분석하여 수도권 토지이용 및 교통정책에 시사점을 제시하는 것을 목적으로 하고 있다. 다중 로짓모형을 이용한 분석에서 직장 및 주거빌도가 높을수록 전철과 버스 등 대중교퉁수단에 대한 의존도를 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 직장중심지의 경우 버스보다는 자가용이용율이 높은 것으로 나타나 고밀도 정책이 반드시 대중교통수단으로의 이동을 의미하는 것은 아니라는 사실을 경험적으로 입증하고 있다.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.85-97
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• 2006

The PAMS data collected at four sites in Seoul metropolitan area in 2004 were analyzed using the positive matrix factorization (PMF) technique, in order to identify the possible sources and estimate their contributions to ambient VOCs. Ten sources were then resolved at Jeongdong, Bulgwang, Yangpyeong, and Seokmo, including vehicle exhaust, LPG vehicle, petroleum evaporation, coating, solvent, asphalt, LNG, Industry & heating, open burning, and biogenic source. The PMF analysis results showed that vehicle exhaust commonly contributed the largest portion of the predicted total VOCs mass concentration, more than $30\%$ at four sites. The contribution of other resolved sources were significantly different according to the characteristics of site location. In the case of Jeongdong and bulgwang located in urban area, various anthropogenic sources such as coating, solvent, asphalt, residual LPG, and petroleum evaporation contributed about $40\%$ of total VOCs mass. On the other hand, at yangpyeong and Seokmo located in rural and remote area, the portion of these anthropogenic sources was reduced to less than $30\%$ and the contribution of natural sources including open burning and biogenic source clearly observed. These results were considerably corresponding to the emission inventory investigated in this region.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.65-73
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• 2021

Background: With the recent aging of the population, the transition to a disease structure centered on chronic diseases is accelerating. Moreover, the socio-economic gap and the polarization of the health gap between regions further increase the burden of disease on the country. Accordingly, this study calculated the disease cost of hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia, which are the three major chronic diseases, to establish an effective health promotion policy strategy for each region, and analyzed the gap in disease cost within the region to determine health determinants at the individual as well as the regional level. Methods: This study utilized data from the 2015 sample cohort of the National Health Insurance Service and calculated the disease cost of patients (diabetes: I10-I15, hypertension: E10-E14, hyperlipidemia: E78) based on the main diagnosis. Results: Based on our analysis, the case of medical use in cities and provinces was higher than in metropolitan cities, with relatively small medical use in Seoul and Gangwon-do. In terms of the disease cost, the cost of chronic diseases in Seoul and Jeju was the highest, but the difference in disease cost between patients in each region was the largest in Seoul and Gangwon-do. Conclusion: The results of this study provide meaningful data for implementing efficient health promotion policies by analyzing the differences in disease cost and identifying health determinants in different regions. Furthermore, in Korea, where socioeconomic differences are clearly revealed, it can be used as a basis for preparing a strategic plan, from a long-term perspective, to improve the health of patients with chronic diseases in the future.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.14 no.2 s.36
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• pp.77-88
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• 2006

Overpopulation has been one of the most serious problem of the Seoul Metropolitan Area (SMA), which consists of the City of Seoul, Incheon, and the whole of Gyeonggi Province. People have been still moving into SMA, especially being concentrated into the fringe of Seoul. This study examines the inner city decline phenomenon of SMA which can be easily found in large cities over the world, based on the demographic data of these area. In addition, this study monitors the imbalance in growing of SMA by analyzing RMI (Rank Mobility Index), and the inverse relation between the self sufficiency of the adjacent area and the commuting rate to Seoul by analyzing commuting data. Even though the total population has been unchanged, the internal change of population was substantial. The growth of Seoul Metro region was placed near the city of Seoul, especially commuter data reassured the population concentrations. The results will be useful in urban planning and growth management.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.60 no.4
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• pp.205-230
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• 2008

This study analyzed the regional effects on the poverty status of households and the poverty difference between Metropolitan and Non-metropolitan area in Korea. The Korea Welfare Panel Study was used for the study, and the results are as follows. First, the poverty rate of Non-metropolitan area is higher than Metropolitan area, and the poverty rate of small-sized regions is the highest area among Non-metropolitan areas. It shows that the poverty of regions is deeply related with the development of region. Second, the people living in Non-metropolitan area have experienced more hardships than the people of Metropolitan area, even though they have similar socio-demographic characteristics. It implies that living in the Non-metropolitan area is to have much more risk of poverty. Third, the regional effects on the poverty are found, that is, living in Non-metropolitan areas is positively associated with the poverty probability. Lastly, regional effect, that is the differences of the poverty probability between Metro and Non-metropolitan areas, is estimated as $49.2{\sim}73.7%$ of total poverty differences. Results of this study suggest that regional poverty policies are necessary to solve the regional differences of poverty in Korea.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers P
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• v.63 no.3
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• pp.131-137
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• 2014

It is expected that there will be delay of scheduled transmission network reinforcement and huge investment of renewable energy resources in Korea. As transmission capacity expansion delayed, supplying power to Seoul metropolitan area will not be increased as scheduled. In addition, uncertain renewable energy out of Seoul metropolitan area can cause transmission congestion in the future power system. These two combining effects will make the difference in locational marginal prices(LMP) and congestion costs increase. In that sense, this paper will analyze how much the congestion costs for Korea power system are incurred in the future power system. Most of previous approaches to analyze the congestion costs for electric power system are based on the optimal power flow model which cannot deal with hourly variation of power system. However, this study attempted to perform the analysis using market simulation model(M-Core) which has the capability of analyzing the hourly power generation cost and power transmission capacity, and market prices by region. As a result, we can estimate the congestion costs of future power system considering the uncertainty of renewable energy and transmission capacity.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.353-364
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• 2016

Objectives: Determining the time activity patterns of urban populations is critical when performing an exposure assessment. The purposes of this study were to classify urban populations in Korea by their time activity patterns and to identify factors that influence these patterns. Methods: The time activity patterns of 31,634 and 20,263 individuals were obtained from two national databases collected in 2004 and 2009, respectively. The two largest metropolitan cities in Korea, Seoul and Busan, were selected for this analysis. For each city, multivariate linear regressions were performed to determine factors affecting the time spent in a residence and in transit. We also used cluster analysis to classify each urban population by activity pattern. Results: Nine distinctive activity patterns were identified in the Seoul and Busan populations, respectively, and the resulting classified population groups had specific characteristics. The identified patterns were similar for Seoul and Busan. The most significant factors affecting time spent in a residence were employment status, age, marriage status, education, and gender. Gender, education, employment status, and monthly income were significant factors affecting time spent in transit. Conclusion: These results indicate that, in addition to region, exposure scientists in Korea should consider classifying populations based on age, gender, and occupation.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.24 no.11
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• pp.1525-1540
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• 2015

In order to clarify the contribution rate of PM concentration due to regional emission distribution, Brute force analysis were carried out using numerical estimated PM data from WRF-CMAQ. The emission from Kyeongki region including Seoul metropolitan is the largest contribution of PM concentration than that from other regions except for emission of trans-country and source itself. Contribution rate of self emission is also the largest at Kyeongki region and its rate reach on over 95 %. And the rate at Gangwon region also higher than any region due to synoptic wind pattern. Due to synoptic wind direction at high PM episode, pollutants at downwind area along from west to east and from north to south tends to mix intensively and its composition is also complicated. Although the uncertainty of initial concentration of PM, the contribution of regional PM concentration tend to depend on the meteorological condition including intensity of synoptic and mesoscale wind and PM emission pattern over upwind region.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.9-14
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• 2001

In order to investigate the pathogenicity and development of differential identification technique in the Yersinia species and other entericbacteria, we isolated 5 strains of Y.pseudotuberculosis from spring water sites in Seoul. The biochemical characteristics of isolated strains revealed that indole, VP($25^{\circ}C$, $37^{\circ}C$), $H_2S$, phenylalanine, lysine, arginine, ornithine, gas from glucose, lactose, sucrose, sorbitol, oxidase and motility($37^{\circ}C$) were all negative and urease, glucose, mannitol, salicin, catalase and motility($25^{\circ}C$) were all positive. To detect the causative agent of pseudotuberculosis(Y.pseudotuberculosis), we carried out a study using a PCR with inv primers complementary to the pathogenic region and found that all strains were positive, this revealed that strains from spring waters were pathogenic. Also 16S rDNA for total 5 strains of Y. pseudotuberculosis were amplified and a stretch of approximately 1,450 nucleotides were sequenced and analyzed. The 16S rDNA nucleotide sequence homologies among Yersinia species ranged 97.5% to 100% and between Y.pseudotuberculosis and other entericbacteria they ranged 93.0% to 95.1%. The Phylogenetic tree generated from the sequence analysis of the 16S rDNA gene showed 3 coherent clusters that could be separated into Y.pseudotuberculsis strains, some Yersinia species strains and other entericbacteria strains.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.120-135
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• 2014

This research aimed to investigate the effect of business management of Korean restaurants on business performance and to propose an alternative. For this investigation, a survey was carried out targeting Korean restaurant managers in the capital area, and with 360 copies as sample, factor analysis, difference test, and multiple regression analysis were conducted. As a result of analysis, among the factors of business management of Korean restaurants, only information management and fund management appeared to have effects on both financial performance and nonfinancial performance. This means, in case of Korean restaurants, business performance can be improved by understanding every environment about food service management and customer demands, by investing fund in the right place, and by managing inefficient expenses. Therefore, it is most important for a Korean restaurant manager to cultivate knowledge in management and to put effort into cost-reduction of all employees.