• 대한지역사회영양학회지
• /
• 제4권2호
• /
• pp.149-156
• /
• 1999

This study was due to investigate the dietary intakes, serum lipids and other hematological indices in female adolescent smokers. The subjects were 85 smokers, whose average pack-year(smoking years on the basis of one pack of cigarettes per day) was 1.26 and 87 nonsmokers who were female high school students in Seoul. An anthropometric measreument was performed and % body fat was also analyzed by the Bioelectrical Impedance Fatness Analyzer(GIF-891). Dietary intakes and food habits were examined through questionnaires and nutrient intakes were analyzed by the Computer Aided. Nutritional analysis program for professional(CAN-pro). Serum TG, HDL-cholesterol and total-cholesterol levels were measured with test kits. Serum glucose, albumin, GOT and GPT were measured by automated dry chemistry system, SPOTCHEM 4410. Hemoglobin, hematocrit, RBC, WBC and MCV were determined by Semi Automated Microcell Counter(F-520). All data were statistically analyzed by SAS PC package program. There was no significant difference in the anthropometric measurements between smokers and nonsmokers. The caloric intake in adolescent smokers tended to be higher than that of nonsmokers but the difference was not statistically significant. In addition, there was no significant difference between smokers and nonsmokers in biochemical indices. Analysis of serum lipids showed that the serum levels of total-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol of nonsmokers were unexpectedly significantly higher(p<0.05) than those of smokers. Overall results indicate that smoking itself with short pack-year in healthy female adolescent did not seem to influence apparent health and nutritional status.

• KSBB Journal
• /
• 제23권3호
• /
• pp.199-204
• /
• 2008

Culture conditions for biological hydrogen production were investigated in wastewater of Takju manufacturing factory. Rhodobacter spaeroides KCTC1425, photosynthesis bacteria, and Enterobacter cloacae YJ-1, anaerobic bacteria were used. The hydrogen production were $195.3m{\ell}{\cdot}H_2/{\ell}$ broth for Rhodobacter spaeroides KCTC1425 and $271.8m{\ell}{\cdot}H_2/{\ell}$ broth for Enterobacter cloacae YJ-1 during 36 h. The hydrogen production increased with light intensity, and were highest over 12000Lux. In mixed culture of Rhodobacter spaeroides KCTC1425 and Enterobacter cloacae Y J-1, the optimum mixing ratio of hydrogen production was 20 and 80. Adding volume of yeast extract for maximum hydrogen production was 15 $g/{\ell}$, but there was no effect over that. $Na_2MoO_4$ was most effective among the inorganic salts, and the optimum volume was 0.4 $g/{\ell}$. In semi-continuous culture, total hydrogen production was $13086m{\ell}{\cdot}H_2/{\ell}$ broth for 144 h with operating period of 24 h.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
• /
• 제24권3호
• /
• pp.231-240
• /
• 2009

We explored collective behaviors of indicator species to elucidate the effect of the chemical stress. After the treatments of an insecticide, diazinon, at low concentrations (1.0 and 10.0 ${\mu}g/L$), spatial dispersion patterns of Daphnia magna were checked in a test chamber. The I-index was used to characterize the movement data before (0~1 h) and after (1~2 h) the treatments in laboratory conditions. The slopes of the frequency distribution of I-index in semi-log scale decreased significantly, and the test populations appeared to be more dispersed with a lower degree of aggregation after the treatments. The index was feasible in indicating decrease in the ability of the specimens to keep desirable distances with neighbor individuals under chemical stress and showed a possibility of monitoring presence of toxic chemicals in environment through group behavior measurement.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
• /
• 제14권6호
• /
• pp.270-279
• /
• 2005

As remodeling market is growing and peoples' concern on health and well-being is getting high, there is a need to apply environmentally friendly approach to remodeling an interior space. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to provide basic information on environmentally friendly remodeling process focused on the implementation of interior construction process. The method of this study was two-folds. First, previous researches were reviewed to drive general remodeling process, and then content of implementation of environmentally friendly remodeling process were added. Second, semi-structured interview was conducted to eight experts in interior design who were members of KOSID. The results of this study are as follows; (1) Applying environmentally friendly method to remodeling will be essential. Therefore, it is necessary to develop various types of environmentally friendly finish materials and methods and continuing attention should be paid. (2) For broad implementing an environmentally friendly application on remodeling, builders, interior designers, manufacturers, and clients should change their consciousness through education and publicity, (3) The results showed that using environmentally friendly materials was the most primary concern for the designers. However, there is a lack of information about contamination derived from materials when manufacturing and constructing and even wastes. Thus designers should be aware of using environmentally friendly verified materials regarding materials itself and its manufacturing process.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
• /
• 제22권2호통권57호
• /
• pp.111-118
• /
• 2007

This study was performed to measure gaseous Organochlorine Pesticides (OCPs : heptachlor epoxide, ${\alpha}/{\gamma}-chlordane$, trans-nonachlor, endosulfan, ${\gamma}-HCH$ and p, p'-DDE) concentration using PUF high volume sampler from June, 2000 to June, 2002 in the semi-rural atmosphere. Using monitoring data for two years, we tried to investigate the annual cycles of gaseous OCPs. We considered three functions to describe the annual cycle: Gaussian, Lorentzian and sinusoidal functions. These functions accounted for $54{\sim}91%$ of the variability in concentration for each gaseous OCPs, and the sinusoidal function gave the best fits. It was seen that the gaseous OCPs concentration increased during the warmer weather while decreased during colder weather. The variation of the gaseous OCPs concentration was closely similar to the variations of ambient temperature. The annual cycle of endosulfan was strongly higher than in comparison with other gaseous OCPs, while for ${\gamma}-HCH$, the cycle was weakly high and did not show apparent seasonal variation. The position of the annual maximum exists generally late July to early August. The period that showed levels more than a half maximum was from late June to early September.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
• /
• 제22권2호통권57호
• /
• pp.177-184
• /
• 2007

Gaseous organochlorine pesticides (OCPs : heptachlor epoxide, p, p'-DDE, ${\gamma}-HCH,\;{\alpha}-chlordane,\;{\gamma}-chlordane$ and trans-nonachlor) concentration was measured using PUF high volume sampler from June, 2000 to June, 2002 in the semi-rural atmosphere. The OCPs concentration in atmosphere, which is estimated by the slope (m) of Clausius-Clapeyron equation and phase-transition energy $({\Delta}H)$, was influenced by revolatilization from environmental matrix (soil, water and tree leaves) and a long range transportation of air mass. But the former affected OCPs concentration more than the latter. The degradation rate constants (k) of OCPs calculated using multiple regression analysis and revised standard temperature method were in good agreement each other. The value of k of ${\gamma}-HCH$ was very low as -0.0007, but the range of k of other components were $-0.00l8{\sim}-0.0038$. The half-life $({\tau})$ which was calculated by k of ${\gamma}-HCH$ was 2.6 years-the longest one, but that of heptachlor epoxide was in 0.5 year-the shortest one. $({\tau})\;of\;{\alpha}-chlordane,\;{\gamma}-chlordane$ and trans-nonachlor in technical chlordane was 1.0, 1.1 and 0.7 year respectively.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제31권3호
• /
• pp.271-278
• /
• 1998

Folate coenzymes are involved in one-carbon transfer reactions needed for the synthesis of nucleic acids, amino acids, and proteins which are very important for cell proliferation and differentiation. To investigate the effects of dietary folate content on plasma and tissue folate concentrations and on folate excretions in urine and feces, male Sprague-Dawley rats were raised for 4-10 weeks on semi-purified experimental diets containing 0mg, 2 mg, 8mg folate/kg diet. Folate concentrations were determined microbiologically using Lactobacillius casei (ATCC 7469). When compared to the folate adequate diet, the folate deficient diet decreased folate levels in plasma, liver and kidney , and the values were further decreased with experimental period. In rats reviving folate supplemented diets, plasma , liver and kidney folate adequate or supplemented diets, folate concentrations weer increased compared to animals on the folate adequate diet. In the folate adequate or supplemented diets, folate concentrations in the plasma and kidney were maintained at essentially the same level for 10 weeks . Folate concentrations in the liver, however, continued to increase with experimental period. Dietary folate intake seems to influence plasma and liver folate concentrations more than kidney folate concentrations. Folate excretions unrine and feces were significantly increased with dietary foalte intakes and experimental period. Folate excreted via urine was consideerably greater than that via feces. These resutls indicated that the foate supplemented diet improved plasma and tissue foalte status. Whether folate supplmentation improves foalte-dependent reactions remains to be researched.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
• /
• 제22권4호
• /
• pp.305-312
• /
• 2007

환경오염을 신속하게 모니터링하기 위한 생물지표의 개발은 증가하고 있는 오염의 심각성에 비추어 매우 중요한 과제로 여겨지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 독성물질처리에 의하여 선택적으로 발현이 조절되는 단백질의 동정을 통하여 독성물질에 대한 단백질 생물지표를 발굴하고자 시도하였다. 즉, 송사리(Oryzias latipes)를 유기인계 살충제인 다이아지논(diazinon)에 0, 0.1, 1, 5 mg/L 농도로 24시간 노출시킨 후, 머리와 몸통부분으로 나누어 단백질 발현패턴을 분석하였다. 본 시스템에서 다이아지논 처리에 의하여 유의적으로 발현이 증가된 단백질로서 alpha-tubulin, ribonuclease pancreatic precursor, protein hfq 등을 동정하였으며, 이 가운데 alpha-tubulin과 $hsp90{\beta}$의 발현이 다이아지논 농도에 의존적으로 증가하는 것을 semi-quantitative RT-PCR방법으로 확인하였다. 이와 같이 다이아지논 처리에 특이적으로 발현이 증가된 송사리 단백질들은 노출평가를 위한 생물지표로서 개발에 응용될 수 있을 것으로 평가된다.

• Journal of Computing Science and Engineering
• /
• 제2권2호
• /
• pp.162-179
• /
• 2008

We have developed a tool for annotation of electronic health record (EHR) data. Currently we are in the process of manually annotating a corpus of Norwegian general practitioners' EHRs with mainly linguistic information. The purpose of this project is to attain a linguistically annotated corpus of patient histories from general practice. This corpus will be put to future use in medical language processing and information extraction applications. The paper outlines some of our practical experiences from developing such a corpus and, in particular, the effects of semi-automated annotation. We have also done some preliminary experiments with part-of-speech tagging based on our corpus. The results indicated that relevant training data from the clinical domain gives better results for the tagging task in this domain than training the tagger on a corpus form a more general domain. We are planning to expand the corpus annotations with medical information at a later stage.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제30권6호
• /
• pp.614-621
• /
• 1997

The experiments were performed to investigate the effects of protein and protein hydrolysates on lipid metabolism in the hyperlipidemic/hypercholesterolemic rat model induced by feeding fat-enriched diet. In Except 1 male rats were fed four semi-purified high fat and cholesterol diets that contained different nitrogen source, casein(C), casein hydrolysate(CH), corn gluten(G) and corn gluten hydrolysate(GH), for 6 weeks. In Expt. 2 rats were fed high fat and cholesterol diet for 4 weeks to induce hyperlipidemia and hypercholesterolemia. Then the rats were divided into 4 groups and were fed the four kinds of above experimental diets for 4 weeks consecutively. The contents of total lipid , cholesterol and triglyceride in blood, liver and feces were determined. Serum lipid concentrations of CH, G and GH were significantly lower than that of C. Serum cholesterol concentrations of hydrolysate groups(CH and GH) were significantly lower than those of intact protein groups(C and G). Serum HDL -cholesterol concentration tended to increase by hydrolysate intake. The total lipid, cholesterol contents in liver showed similarity results as above. Fecal lipid excretions of CH, G, and GH groups were significantly higher than that of C group. These results indicate that hypolipidemic and /or hypocholesterolemic effect of corn gluten or protein hydrolysates were detected in the process of inducing hyperlipidemia by high-fat and cholesterol diet or after inducing hyperlipidemia.