• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.986-993
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• 2010

Spatially distributed on-site devices such as bioretentions and bioboxfilters are becoming more common as a means of controlling urban stormwater quality. One approach to modeling the cumulative catchment-scale effects of such devices is to resolve the catchment down to the scale of a land parcel or finer, and then to model each device separately. The focus of this study is to propose a semi-distributed model for simulating urban stormwater quantity and identifying best sites for spatially distributed on-site stormwater control devices in an urban drainage system. A detailed model for urban stormwater improvement conceptualization simulation is set up for a $0.9342km^2$.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.261-274
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• 2006

본 연구에서는 소양강 유역을 대상으로 중장기 확률론적 댐 유입량 예측을 위해 30년 동안의 일단위 장기유출 해석을 수행하였다. 유출모형의 입력자료를 구축하기 위해 Anderson의 융설모형으로 적설에 대한 융설량을 계산하였고, Penman의 혼합기법으로 잠재증발량을 산정하였다. 또한, 기존 TOPMODEL의 적용 유역면적의 제약성을 극복하기 위해 대상유역을 적정 소유역으로 구분하고 운동파 하도홍수 추적기법을 통해 대유역 유출량을 계산할 수 있는 준분포형 TOPMODEL을 활용하였으며, 강수, 융설 및 잠재증발량을 유출모형에 입력하여 장기유출 해석을 수행하였다. 융설량 및 잠재증발량 계산결과는 관측자료의 부재로 그 정량적 평가는 수행할 수 없었지만 최대 적설깊이와 소형접시 증발량 자료와 같은 간접적 자료와의 시간적 변동성은 매우 잘 일치하였다. 이렇게 구축된 입력자료를 바탕으로 저수(1979년), 중수(1999년), 고수(1990년) 유출사상에 대한 모형의 최적 매개변수를 산정하고 준분포형 TOPMODEL의 일단위 장기유출 모의능력을 검토한 결과 계산유량과 관측유량 사이의 유출용적 상대오차가 5.64%, 상관계수가 0.91로 계산되어 비교적 정확한 유출결과를 제시하였고, 융설고려 유무에 따라 3, 4월의 유출용적 상대오차가 17% 및 4%로 감소함으로써 장기유출 계산시 모형의 정확도 향상을 위해 융설모형의 적용이 매우 필요한 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2004년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.212-216
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• 2004

Bearingless motors are the rotational electric machine which utilize a common magnetic structure for rotation and magnetic suspension. Since the bearing function is combined with the motor, the shaft length can be shortened resulting in higher critical speeds. Relationship between suspension force and current of bearingless motor is clearly derived by prior research. However, relationship between displacement of rotor and suspension force is not precisely defined. In this paper, we present model of bearingless motor describing the radial force variation due to the movement of the rotor. Using a distributed magnetic circuit and maxwell stress tensor, we derived a mathematical expression for the radial force. For a slotless bearingless motor, we are able to find an analytical model presented in the form of stiffness. For a slotted motor, we can compute the stiffness by semi-analytical analysis. This model is validated by a finite-element-analysis.

• 인터넷정보학회논문지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2023

Federated learning (FL) is a ground breaking machine learning paradigm that allow smultiple participants to collaboratively train models in a cloud environment, all while maintaining the privacy of their raw data. This approach is in valuable in applications involving sensitive or geographically distributed data. However, one of the challenges in FL is dealing with heterogeneous and non-independent and identically distributed (non-IID) data across participants, which can result in suboptimal model performance compared to traditionalmachine learning methods. To tackle this, we introduce FedGCD, a novel FL algorithm that employs Graph Neural Network (GNN)-based community detection to enhance model convergence in federated settings. In our experiments, FedGCD consistently outperformed existing FL algorithms in various scenarios: for instance, in a non-IID environment, it achieved an accuracy of 0.9113, a precision of 0.8798,and an F1-Score of 0.8972. In a semi-IID setting, it demonstrated the highest accuracy at 0.9315 and an impressive F1-Score of 0.9312. We also introduce a new metric, nonIIDness, to quantitatively measure the degree of data heterogeneity. Our results indicate that FedGCD not only addresses the challenges of data heterogeneity and non-IIDness but also sets new benchmarks for FL algorithms. The community detection approach adopted in FedGCD has broader implications, suggesting that it could be adapted for other distributed machine learning scenarios, thereby improving model performance and convergence across a range of applications.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제70권6호
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• pp.661-669
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• 2019

Buckling analysis of shape memory alloy (SMA) rectangular plates subjected to uniform and linearly distributed inplane loads is the main objective in the present paper. Brinson's model is developed to express the constitutive characteristics of SMA plate. Using the classical plate theory and variational approach, stability equations are derived. In addition to external inplane mechanical loads, the plate is subjected to the pre-stresses caused by the recovery stresses that are generated during martensitic phase transformation. Ritz method is used for solving the governing stability equations. Finally, the effects of conditions on the edges, thickness, aspect ratio, temperature and pre-strains on the critical buckling loads of SMA plate are investigated in details.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제26권5B호
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• pp.481-488
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• 2006

본 연구는 준분포형 장기유출모형인 SWAT과 3차원 분포형 지하수 모형인 MODFLOW를 통합한 새로운 시도에 관한 것이다. SWAT모형은 준분포형 특성상 지하수 성분중에서 투수계수나 저류계수등의 분포형 매개변수를 고려할 수 없으며 지하수 함양량, 수두와 양수량 분포 등을 고려하는데에도 어려움이 있다. 이와같은 문제점을 극복하기 위해 SWAT의 수문반응단위인 HRU와 MODFLOW의 기본단위인 셀간의 특성치들을 주고받을 수 있는 완전연동형 기법을 제시하였다. 이러한 결합은 하천망과 대수층간의 상호작용을 경계흐름으로 고려함으로써 완성되었다. SWAT-MODFLOW 결합모형을 우리나라 경안천 수위관측소 유역에 시험적으로 적용한 결과, 포화대와 하천지류간의 상호작용이 경안천 유역의 유출량 산정에 중요한 역할을 한다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 이와 함께 결합모형은 지하수두 및 함양량의 시공간적 변동성을 재현하는 등 광범위한 적용가능성을 보여주었다.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제37권8호
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• pp.631-641
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• 2004

본 연구는 개념적 준분포형 모형인 SLURP 모형의 소양강댐유역의 적용가능성에 대해 다루었다. SLURP모형은 강우의 시공간적 변화를 반영하여 강우-유출을 해석하여 관개계획 및 수자원 관리 효과를 판단할 수 있는 준분포형 모형이다. DEM으로부터 지형분석프로그램인 TOPAZ/SLURPAZ와 연계하여 빠르고 쉽게 지형매개변수와 지형자료를 획득할 수 있다. NOAA/AVHRR 위성영상을 이용하여 월별 NDVI를 산출하였으며, 대상유역 주변의 5개의 기상 관측소를 통해 일별 수문기상자료(이슬점, 일사량, 최대ㆍ최소 대기 기온, 상대습도 등)을 얻었다. DEM NDVI, 수문기상자료를 이용하여 1998년부터 2001년까지 4 개년도의 일별유출량을 모의하였다. 매개변수 최적화를 위하여 민감도 분석 및 SCE-UA 방법을 사용하였으며 대상기간의 Nash-Sutcliffe의 모형효율과 WMO 통계량을 통해 소양강댐 유역의 SLURP모형의 적용성을 검증하였다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제57권6호
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• pp.1065-1084
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• 2016

The analysis and design of skeletal structures is greatly influenced by the behaviour of beam-to-column connections, where patented designs have led to a wide range of types with differing structural quantities. The behaviour of beam-to-column connections plays an important role in the analysis and design of framed structures. This paper presents an overview of the influence of connection behaviour on structural stability, in the in-plane (bending) mode of sway. A computer-based method is presented for geometrically nonlinear plane frames with semi-rigid connections accounting for shear deformations. The analytical procedure employs transcendental modified stability functions to model the effect of axial force on the stiffness of members. The member stiffness matrix were found. The critical load has been searched as a suitable load parameter for the loss of stability of the system. Several examples are presented to demonstrate the validity of the analysis procedure. The method is readily implemented on a computer using matrix structural analysis techniques and is applicable for the efficient nonlinear analysis of frameworks. Combined with a parametric column effective length study, connection and frame stiffness are used to propose a method for the analysis of semi-rigid frames where column effective lengths are greatly reduced and second order (deflection induced) bending moments in the column may be distributed via the connectors to the beams, leading to significant economies.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.9-20
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• 2013

In this paper, the rainfall elasticity of streamflow was estimated to quantify the effects of climate change on 5 river basins. Rainfall elasticity denotes the sensitivity of annual streamflow for the variations of potential annual rainfall. This is a simple, useful method that evaluates how the balance of a water cycle on river basins changes due to long-term climate change and offers information to manage water resources and environment systems. The elasticity method was first used by Schaake in 1990 and is commonly used in the United States and Australia. A semi-distributed hydrological model (SLURP, semi-distributed land use-based runoff processes) was used to simulate the variations of area streamflow, and potential evapotranspiration. A nonparametric method was then used to estimate the rainfall elasticity on five river basins of Korea. In addition, the A2 (SRES IPCC AR4, Special Report on Emission Scenarios IPCC Fourth Assessment Report) climate change scenario and stochastic downscaling technique were used to create a high-resolution weather change scenario in river basins, and the effects of climate change on the rainfall elasticity of each basin were then analyzed.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 1th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.503-508
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• 2005

In the modern, distributed and dynamic construction environment it is important to exchange information from different sources and in different data formats in order to improve the processes supported by these systems. Previous research has demonstrated that (i) a significant percentage of construction data is stored in semi-structured or unstructured data formats (ii) locating and identifying such data that are needed for the important decision making processes is a very hard and time-consuming task. In this paper, an automated methodology for the classification and retrieval of construction images in AEC/FM model based systems will be presented. Specifically, a combination of techniques from the areas of image processing, computer vision, and content-based image retrieval have been deployed to develop a method that can retrieve related construction site image data from components of a project model.