• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 1999년도 추계 학술대회지
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• pp.102-144
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• 1999

The major problems of food crop cultivation in Korea are low yield of most crops except rice. inefficient cultivation techniques for aged farmers. and low international competibility. Therefore, development of cultivation techniques of food crops should aim the yield. quality improvement, labor reduction and production cost. The primary issue for increasing the yield of soybean, barely and wheat is to reduce the yield gap between the farmer's yield and recommended ones of experiment station. More advanced cultivation techniques needs to be developed. and/or the conventional breeding methods to be reconsidered. The newly developed labor-saving mechanized technique needs to reduce labor hours , and the cost of agricultural implements and machineries. In other words the labor-saving mechanized technique should be developed based on the improvement of total farming system as well as systemic fundamental innovation of cultural methods. The efficiency of solar energy use in food production of Korea in 1997 is as low as $0.52{\%}$ so there is much room to increase yield. It is recommendable that the concept of food Production should be changed to energy Producing efficiency Per unit area basis from volume and weight of food materials. Moreover, introduction of resonable cropping system is needed to increase yield of main crops, farmer's income, solar energy use efficiency, and decrease of land service expenditure. Current cropping system emphasized on economic crops. especially in vegetables , is not desirable for resonable use of arable land. stability of agricultural management and staple food crop self-sufficiency ratio. It is desirable to increase food crops . that are energy of carbohydrate and protein rich and land dependent crops. in cropping system. And the agronomist should develop the cultural methods to replace food crops for food self-sufficiency and stable farming management instead of economic crops in current cropping system. Low-input and environmentally-sound crop cultivation techniques, especially nitrogen-reducing culture technique which is directly related to food crop quality, also needs to be developed urgently. The extended cultivation of corn in upland and barely and wheat in lowland as a feed stuffs is recommended to prevent further decrease of food self-sufficiency ratio, which is mainly caused by the high reliance on imported feed grain. It is also considered that the calculation and presentation methods of standard agricultural income needs to be improved. The current calculation method uses unit land area of 10a regardless of crop kinds , characteristics of agricultural management and cultivation scale. So, it is apt to lead misunderstanding of farm income value. Therefore. it should show an income of average farmers for certain number of years. Research and developing system for food producing is not desirable because they are conducted currently individual crop and mono-culture basis. But actual agricultural income is usually earned by cropping system including upland and lowland. For example. the barley and wheat is usually cultivated in double cropping system. The cooperation among research institutes such as university agribusiness. government and farmers is indispensible. The public information and education on importance and consumption habit of food crops is necessary in Korean society to increase food self-sufficiency through nationwide cooperation.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.267-281
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• 2021

참여로서의 학습에 대한 관점의 전환은 실행 과정에서의 학습자의 정체성 변화 및 발달(identity world, 정체성 작업)에 관심을 두게 한다. 본 연구는 정체성의 지속적이고 유동적인 과정에 관심을 두며, 그에 따라 정체성 작업이 일어나는 학습자를 둘러싼 구조와 그 구조 속에서 개인의 행위 및 행위력의 발현에 초점을 둔다. 이러한 관점에서 구조, 행위력, 정체성을 변증법적으로 이해하기 위한 이론적 도구로써 Holland et al.(1998)의 실행 과정에서의 정체성(identity-in-practice) 이론을 소개한다. 이 이론을 대표하는 개념은 '인식된 세계', '위치성', '자아 저술'이다. '인식된 세계'는 인간의 행위에 의해 지속적으로 재구성되는 의미의 그물망이자 동시에 인간의 행위를 조각하는 사회적 힘으로 이해되며, '위치성'은 이 세계 속에서 자신의 사회적 위치에 대한 이해를 의미한다. '자아 저술'은 위 두 개념을 종합하는 차원으로서 개인은 인식된 세계 속에서 실행을 통해 다양한 사회적 목소리를 협연하여 자아를 스스로 형성해간다는 의미를 담고 있다. 본 연구는 이 개념을 바탕으로 과학 교육의 선행 연구 분석을 통해 이 이론의 다양한 활용 사례를 기술했다. 그러나 사회문화적 접근을 취하는 이 이론의 특성상 해외 연구 사례가 단순히 우리에게도 적용될 수 없기에, 국내 상황에서 본 이론이 활용될 수 있는 방향을 논의하여 방법론적 도구로서 이 이론의 적용가능성을 확장하고자 하였다. 다층적이고 지속적이며 누적적인 정체성 작업을 강조하는 본 이론의 도입이 시대적으로 요구되는 과학 교육 개혁의 지평을 넓히는 자원으로 활용되기를 기대한다.

• 한국포장학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.157-163
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• 2022

본 연구에서는 전자레인지 조리 시 발생하는 포장 내부의 수증기를 스스로 방출할 수 있는 PLA 기반 스마트 복합 필름을 제조하였다. 제조된 복합필름의 전자레인지 조리가 가능한 HMR 제품의 포장재로써 적용가능성을 평가하기 위해 DSC, UTM, GTR 및 전자레인지 모의 적용 평가를 통해 열적 특성, 기계적 특성, 온도 구간별 기체 투과도 및 전자레인지 적용성을 평가하였다. 복합필름의 열적 특성을 확인한 결과, PLA와 PEG의 강한 화학적 상호작용을 확인하였고 본 연구에서 기대한 전자레인지 조리 온도 내에서 PEG가 용융되는 것을 확인하였다. 또한, 제조된 복합필름은 PEG의 첨가로 인해 인장강도는 감소하였지만 연신율이 증가하였고, nanoclay의 함량이 증가함에 따라 감소된 인장강도가 일부 회복한 것을 확인하였다. 또한, 기체투과도의 경우 PEG의 T_m1 이상인 65℃ 부터 PEG가 용융되면서 투과도가 비약적으로 증가한 것을 확인하였다. 전자레인지 모의 적용 평가를 통해 pure PLA는 내부 수증기를 방출하지 못하고 그 압력을 버티지 못해 폭발한 것에 비해, 복합필름의 경우 전자레인지 수증기 발생 온도에서 그 형태를 유지하며 효과적으로 내부 수증기를 자가방출한 것을 확인하였다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 본 연구에서 제조한 스마트 복합필름은 포장재로써 향후 전자레인지 조리 HMR식품 포장재로써 적용될 수 있다.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.130-137
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• 2008

If we may practice the nutrition education planned on the basis which carefully grasped the inappropriate behavioral determinants of middle-school students, it might be an effective method achieving the change in perception and behavior improving the distorted perception about the ideal body shape, so we are to suggest the 8 week program of body shape perception improvement for successful nutrition education as follows. The body shape perception improvement program is a step-by-step group consulting program. At the introduction stage, we let them understand the meaning of true beauty and body change of teenage period and forming of sexual identity. At the stage of perception conversion, we let them have the opportunity to observe the status of body perception of the teenager and self-observation. At the stage of correction, we let them criticize the distorted body image in the society with mass media at the same time with the self-reflection. At the stage of maintenance and evaluation, we suggested the behavior guidance while preparing it. Setting this as the basis, we applied the contents such as the evaluations through cultural sharing events making somethings while directly participating. As the target groups to practice education were middle school students, we considered the learning level and behavioral features of the middle school students, and composed the programs including the methods such as role play, watching real things, media production, discussions and experiences. If the program of body shape perception improvement developed at this study could be utilized at the field of schools, the teenagers can change their ways of thought naturally avoiding the view about unified appearance rightly perceiving negative self-image that the teenagers can have and if the group consulting can be practiced regularly at each school, many students may experience the change in perception, so it might solicit the improvement of health of the families and local societies as well as that of the individual student.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.25-37
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• 2001

This study is based on education reforms related to strengthening information education in curriculums. This study develops and presents ' General Economics'Model Utilizing ICT(Information Communication & Technology) in Home Economics'which could be used as a concrete guidance and direction in teaching and learning Economics education in schools. To do so, this study reviews the necessity of adopting ICT in Home Economics instructional activities and it also reviews and analyzes previous studies of how ICT contribute to instructional activities. Such analysis was used as a theoretical basis for the Instructional Model. The Tool of ICT is a useful instructional strategy because it allows the learners'self-lead learning and Performance Assessment. Therefore the 'General Instructional Model Utilizing ICT'interprets the role of ICT tools to adequate class activities in each step of instruction which includes the conventional steps of introduction. development review and evaluation. It also develops and presents Lesson Plan that can be adopted in school education and thereby shows the possibility of practical application of the theory. This study has limits in that the Instructional Model and Lesson Plan are theoretical in nature. Therefore, in future studies it is desirable to critically review the Instructional Model an Lesson Plan and prove their applicability in real classes and the real learning effects.

• 기술혁신연구
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.177-193
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• 2003

This paper examines empirically if the increase of funding uncertainty in government supported R&D institutes(GSRIs) in Korean cause managers to use more effective management control practices. Recently government introduced a new government R&D budget management system, based on competition, named PBS(Project Base System). Government requires GSRIs to be self-supporting and compete for funding from government. The introduction of new budget management system named PBS, has resulted in the increase of funding uncertainty in GSRIs. According to institutional theory, government organizations gain legitimacy by conforming to external expectations regarding management control practices, In contrast, contingency theory proposes that management control practices are driven by the fit between the technical features of the environment and the management control practices. The contingency literature provides that one external factor expected to motivate government managers to use more efficient control practices is the presence of competition and funding uncertainty. This paper use both theoretical perspective to develop hypotheses and examine the influence of funding environment on management control practices. Results show that the more institutionalized environment, the more managers in GSRIs rely on bureaucratic mode of control for conforming to external requirements, and the greater the funding uncertainty, the more managers use results and personal modes of control to improve research team performance.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.121-132
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• 2009

The agency which is responsible for work related to the restoration of vegetation on the quarry in Hong Kong is the Geotechnical Engineering Office of Civil Engineering and Development Department (CEDD). CEDD's environmental management system was certified as ISO 14001 : 2004 in 2006 and diverse instructions and technical documents about the restoration of the quarry were published and used for the performance of work and the implementation of the project. The restoration of the quarry is being carried out to respond to short-term and long-term goals. The general instructions for the restoration of vegetation says that a plant, when selected, should be self-sustainable with minimum maintenance required, have a high growth and survival rate, be tall enough to cover the rock slope faces, and preferably produce colourful flowers. These instructions prescribe the vegetation introduction technology, planting seasons, structural material of the vegetation works, maintenance and management, tree nursery operation, means of water supply, etc. This report introduced the outline of work on restoring vegetation carried out at Anderson Road, Shek O, Lam Tei, Turret Hill, Lamma, all large-sized quarries. In addition, it additzed Anderson Road's master plan. It is hoped that the Hong Kong examples so introduced are referred to in terms of institutional and technical considerations related to the nation's project for restoring quarries.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.641-650
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• 2003

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the performance, autonomy, and organizational commitment of the preceptors. Methods : The sample consisted of 29 nurses in one university hospital. The data were collected through a questionnaire survey of performance, autonomy, empowerment, and organizational commitment conducted from May through August. 30, 2003. The subjects accepted preceptor training for 26 hours, which was conducted by a researcher. The contents of the training program consisted of an introduction to preceptorship, nursing organization, teaching and learning methods, interpersonal relationships, organizational management, self management, and basic nursing practice. Analysis was performed by SPSS for percentile, mean, standard deviation, and correlation using the paired t-test. Results : Our study results showed that performance, autonomy, empowerment, and organizational commitment were significantly altered by training. After education for preceptors, performance, autonomy, empowerment, and organizational commitment were all enhanced. Performance was related with empowerment, and not with autonomy. Conclusion : This study suggests that the application of preceptorship as a nursing management intervention can benefit organizational efficiency.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권9호
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• pp.4593-4595
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• 2012

Introduction: Mobile learning enables users to interact with educational resources while in variable locations. Medical students in residency positions need to assimilate considerable knowledge besides their practical training and we therefore aimed to evaluate the impact of using short message service via cell phone as a learning tool in residents of Obstetrics and Gynecology in our hospital. Methods: We sent short messages including data about breast cancer to the cell phones of 25 residents of gynecology and obstetrics and asked them to study a well-designed booklet containing another set of information about the disease in the same period. The rate of learning derived from the two methods was compared by pre- and post-tests and self-satisfaction assessed by a relevant questionnaire at the end of the program. Results: The mobile learning method had a significantly better effect on learning and created more interest in the subject. Conclusion: Learning via receiving SMS can be an effective and appealing method of knowledge acquisition in higher levels of education.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.519-528
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of social interaction on metacognition, learning motive and academic achievement in elementary science learning. The science lessons emphasizing social interactions that is applied to this study was comprised of 5 stages, 'introduction', 'inquiry activity', 'small group emergent activity', 'large group emergent activity', 'conclusion and assessment'. The results of this study were as follows: First, applying the learning model emphasizing social interaction to the experimental group led to a significant difference between the result of the pre- and post-test, regarding metacognition, especifically those of declarative knowledge. And meaningful difference was drawn from the results of all elements in the lower category of regulation of cognition between the experimental and comparison group. Second, a significant difference was found between the pre- and post-test regarding learning motive, especially those of attention, relation, and self-confidence. Third, after applying the learning model emphasizing social interaction to the science classes of the experimental group, students' academic achievement improved significantly in the post-test, compared to the results of pre-test.