• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.637-653
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• 2020

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: This study examined the associations between food consumption frequency of Korean adults and self-perceived chewing difficulty, using the food frequency questionnaire (FFQ, 112 items) from 2013-2016 of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). SUBJECTS/METHODS: Subjects were divided into not difficult in chewing (NDC) and difficult in chewing (DC) groups, with 24.17% being classified into DC. Males and females consumed 35 and 37 items less frequently than the other sex, respectively. Due to the remarkable gender difference in food consumption, gender-stratified one-sided survey regression analysis was performed after adjusted for the effect of age, household income, and self-rated health status. RESULTS: Thirty-four items of FFQ were significantly less consumed by the DC group. Females exclusively consumed less beverages and alcohol while males showed the same for fruits and milk·dairy products. Consumption frequency of 8 items such as steamed potatoes·grilled potatoes, stir fried beef, other kimchi·fresh vegetable kimchi, orange, sour pork·pork cutlet, tteokbokki and green tea were significant only in males. In contrast, 17 items including cooked rice with other grains and legumes, boiled egg·steamed egg, Korean cabbage kimchi, banana, and tofu stew·soft tofu stew were significant only for females. Finally, items that showed significance for both were 9 items including loaf bread, ready-to-eat cereal, steamed sweet potatoes·grilled sweet potatoes, stir-fried lotus roots·stir-fried burdock, green laver salad·brown seaweed salads, apples, tomato·cherry tomatoes, squid (raw, dried shredded, boiled, stir-fried), and curd type yogurt. CONCLUSIONS: Findings in this study suggest chewing difficulty may be an important nutritional issue that has to be dealt with for healthful food consumption, with distinct interest of gender.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.550-558
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• 2002

This study was designed to examine the factors that influence the burnout of nurses practice healthcare in a hospital setting. Subjects for this study were 245 nurses working at University K hospital in Seoul, Korea. Data for this study was collected from 15 to 27 April, 2002. The data collection instruments used for this study are as follows: Maslach Burnout Inventory(1981), Orientation to Life Questionnaire(Sense of Coherence, SOC) by Antonovsky (1987) and Modified Coping Resources Inventory developed by author. The analysis of the data was completed using the descriptive, ANOVA, Pearson correlation analysis, and stepwise multiple regression using the SAS program software. The results of this study were as follows: 1. Total mean score of burnout was 4.0. Mean scores of the subscales were; emotional exhausion 4.7, personalization 3.7, and personal accomplishment 3.4.2. Significant statistical differences according to demographic characteristics of the subjects were found in the variables of age, job position, years of working, perceived job stress, and burnout. 3. Burnout was negatively related to sense of coherence(r=-.65) and coping resources (r=-.40); subscales of SOC of comprehensibility(r=-.57), manageability (r= -.55), and meaningfulness(r= -.52); subscales of coping of self-care(r=-.36), and cognitive coping(r=-.39). 4. Job stress was the highest factor influence burnout. Sixty-one percent of the total variance of burnout was experienced by variables of comprehensibility, meaningfulness, age, self-care, manageability and leisure activities including job stress. In conclusion, it was found that a low level of burnout was related to high scores of SOC and coping resources. Job stress, manageability, and meaningfulness were the highest factors influencing the level of subscale of emotional exhausion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment. Therefore, it is necessary to search for strategies to promote SOC and coping resources for reducing the level of burnout of nurses.

• 융합정보논문지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.270-279
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• 2022

본 연구는 의료인 권장예방접종에 대한 간호대학생의 건강신념 요인을 검토하고, 예방접종 의도에 건강신념 요인이 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위해 시도되었다. 연구대상자는 간호대학생 260명이었고, 자료는 설문지를 통해 수집되었고, SPSS 23.0 프로그램의 t-test, ANOVA, 피어슨 상관계수 및 위계적 다중회귀를 사용하여 분석하였다. 간호대학생의 권장예방접종 의도에 영향을 미치는 요인에 대한 회귀모형은 유의하였고(F=13.35, p<.001), 주요 영향 변인은 행동의 계기, 자기효능감, 지각된 유익성, 학년 순으로 나타났으며, 모형의 설명력은 36.4% 이었다. 본 연구를 통해 임상실습 중 감염예방을 위한 예방접종의 효과를 강조하고 간호대학생 대상의 의료인 권장예방접종 의도를 향상시킬수 있는 프로그램을 개발하고 적용할 필요가 있음을 확인하였다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제16권8호
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• pp.345-356
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• 2016

본 연구의 목적은 결혼이주여성의 차별경험과 그로 인한 스트레스가 그들의 정신적, 신체적 건강에 미치는 영향을 검증하는데 있다. 연구대상자는 한국인 남성과 결혼한 결혼이주여성으로 C도의 다문화가족지원센터를 이용하고 있는 545명에게 자기기입식 설문조사를 통해 자료를 수집하였다. 분석자료는 결혼이주여성의 차별경험 빈도 및 스트레스 강도, 신체적 및 정신적 건강, 자기효능감, 사회적 지지, 한국어 능력 척도를 사용하였다. 본 연구에서는 라자루스 외(Lazarus et al., 1984)의 스트레스인지이론을 바탕으로 차별경험, 스트레스, 신체적 및 정신적 건강의 관련성을 구조방정식모형을 통해 검증하였다. 분석결과, 첫째, 모형의 적합도는 $x^2$(df)=236.403(76), CFI=.945, RMSEA=.077이었고, 통계학적으로 허용 가능한 범위에 있었다. 둘째, 변수 간 관련성을 살펴본 결과, 차별경험 빈도가 스트레스 강도를 경유하여 신체적, 정신적 건강에 영향을 미치고 있었다. 즉 결혼이주여성이 차별을 빈번하게 경험할수록 스트레스에 노출될 가능성이 높고, 이는 신체적, 정신적 건강을 악화시키는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 다문화사회로 진입한 우리사회에서의 이주민에 대한 차별 감소 대책 마련의 필요성을 시사한다.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.225-238
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to examine public health nurses for their morale, test the effect of each factor on the morale, determine the variables affecting the morale, and thereby, provide for some basic data useful to the development of personnel affair administration for nurses. The survey on the nurses for public health centers was conducted for 10 days from April 23 to May 2, 2001; 96 nurses from Pusan, 101 from Kyonggi-do and 108 from Kangwon-do. The results of the study are as follows; 1. For the demographic variables, those aged between 31 and 39 accounted for the majority $(50.2\%)$ of the sample. $90.8\%$ was married, and $67.9\%$ of the sample graduated from junior colleges. $29.6\%$ of them had worked for 10-14 years and $62.5\%$ was of the seventh rank. $62.3\%$ of the nurses was recruited, and $59.4\%$ had chosen the public job for its guaranteed status. Half the nurses were working for the county population of which was more than 260 thousands, and $53\%$ of the nurses was serving the public health centers with 11-15 members. $47.3\%$ of them perceived that their living standard is middle or lower. 2. The degree of the moral was found as mean score. 2.65, which is interpreted as low. It has 11 factors. The rank of mean score of the factors is job satisfaction (3.36), sense of belonging (3.36), sense of recognition (3.30), stress due to supervision (3.13), degree of participation (3.05) and self-achievement (3.04), while those scoring lower points were assurance of status (2.58), pay level (2.53), working conditions (2.35) and promotion opportunity (2.31). 3. The degree of moral depending on the demographic variables was significantly affected by such variables as age. academic background, career, rank, employment method, motive for the job, size of the population served and living standards. 4. The result of the Stepwise multiple regression analysis for the morale factors, it was found that self-achievement accounted for $61\%$ of the total variance of the degree of morale, followed by stable status $(18\%)$, working conditions $(8\%)$, job requirements $(4\%)$ and promotion opportunities $(2\%)$; these five factors explained about $94.6\%$ of total variance of the degree of nurses' morale. On the other hand. age $(8\%)$ and academic background $(2\%)$ accounted for $10\%$ of the total variance of the degree of morale. 5. The factors affecting nurses' job life was economic need $(26.7\%)$, personnel management $(17.5\%)$, sense of recognition $(13.2\%)$, human relationship $(11.0\%)$, stable status and personal development in rank. On the other hand, the factors influencing on their possible resignation were children's bringing-up $(27.8\%)$, poor personnel management and promotion $(13.3\%)$, workload $(11.1\%)$ and little personal development $(8.9\%)$, Since such morale factors as promotion opportunity, working condition. pay level and stable status scored lower, it is required to reconsider those factors to improve nurses' morale.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.212-223
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• 2000

The purposes of this research were to add to the developing knowledge base about the burden and social support of grandmothers involved with caring grandchildren, and to examine whether a significant relationship exists between their burden and social support perceived by the grandmothers. A convenience sample of 102 grandmothers was recruited from five collective apartment areas at a small city in Korea. The criteria of selection of sample were that the grandmothers were raising their grandchildren under the age of 36 months for 3 months or longer at own or gandchildren's home. The instruments used were a 15-item multidemensional burden scale and a 8-item social support scale. Both scales were self report, five point Likert type scales. The higher the score, the higher the degree of burden and social support. Data was collected by two prepared research assistants visiting subjects' home from December 10, 1998 to March 20, 1999. The collected data were analysed using mean, t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Pearson's correlation coefficient computed by SPSS software. The results were as follows. 1. In the age distribution of grandmothers, the over half of subjects(58.8%) were under 60 years old. The majority(69.6%) of subjects were married at time of data collection. 79(77.5%) of the sample reported that their perceived health status was good or over. 2. The burden of the grandmothers was not scored high, and the item means on burden scale were ranged from 2.26 to 4.19 out of 5. 'Short of private time'(4.19) had the highest score, followed by 'fatigue'(3.92), 'short of rest'(3.75), and 'short of contact with friends and neighbors'(3.62). The lowest item was 'family doesn't help me'(2.26), and followed by 'family doesn't understand me'(2.33), 'angry with family' (2.43), and 'angry while caring for grandchild'(2.60). 3. There were significant relationships between the burden and present health status(p<.01), childcaring confidence(p<.01), and motive of caring(p<.01). 4. The score of social support, was ranging from 3.61 to 4.01 out of 5. 5. The relationship between burden and social support was found to be correlated negatively. The relationship was statistically significant(γ= - .2833, p<.001). In conclusion, it was found that the burden was not high and burden of grandmothers caring grandchildren was correlated negatively to social support. Therefore, these results provide a basis for developing a nursing intervention to reduce the burden of grandmothers.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.472-483
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• 2024

본 연구에서는 건강신념모델(HBM) 구조를 통해 자외선차단제 사용에 대한 국내 인구의 태도를 평가하였으며, 자외선차단제 사용에 영향을 미치는 심리적 요인을 조사하였다. 이를 위해 2023년 11월 1일부터 2024년 1월 1일까지 온라인 설문조사를 실시하여 총 303명의 자료를 수집하였다. 수집된 데이터는 SPSS v. 25.0 program을 이용하여 Cronbach's 𝛼, 빈도분석, 기술통계분석, 상관관계분석, 독립표본 t-test, One way ANOVA, Scheffe's test, 그리고 다중회귀분석이 실시되었다. 연구 결과 자외선차단제 사용에 대한 평균 점수는 5점 만점에 3.26±1.384로 나타났으며 건강신념모델 변수와 자외선차단제 사용 간에는 서로 유의한 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다(p<.01). 성별, 연령, 피부색에도 각 변수들 간에 차이가 있었으며 그중 여성, 연장자, 밝은 피부색을 가진 집단에서 자외선 보호에 적극적인 성향을 보였다. 다중회귀분석 결과 건강신념모델의 하위요인별 자기효능감(𝛽=.629, p<.001), 인지된 취약성(𝛽=.139, p<.001)이 자외선차단제 사용에 통계적으로 유의미한 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났고, 인지된 장벽(𝛽=-.261, p<.001)은 자외선차단제 사용에 통계적으로 유의미한 부(-)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 자외선 차단에 영향을 미치는 심리사회적 요인들을 제공함으로써, 자외선차단제 사용을 촉진하기 위한 교육 프로그램을 개발하고 시행하는 데 중요한 이론적 시사점을 제공할 수 있다.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.28-35
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• 2013

Objectives : The aim of this study was to examine attitudes of middle-school students toward happiness, suicide, and factors associated with suicide. Methods : A self-administered questionnaire was used in a cluster sample of 1,319 middle-school students (male 793, female 526). Data were obtained on a wide range of constructs regarding their attitude towards happiness, suicidal ideation and attempts, and factors associated with suicide. Results : Middle-school students choose 'love within family' as most important factor for their happiness. Subjective mental health status was mostly associated with happiness. Subjects in lower socioeconomic status tended to respond their mental health status was not good and have more suicidal idea. 48.7% of subjects had permissive attitudes toward suicide, especially, girls. However, 65.0% responded that suicide was preventable problem. Compared to older people, middle-school students perceived that environmental factors were more important than innate and personal factors for suicide. Conclusion : Results of the study indicate that middle-school students have permissive attitudes toward suicide, but positive attitudes for the prevention of suicide. This suggest that education in these age group could be effective for the prevention of suicide. Also, approaches to suicide prevention programs should be developed based on the family intervention. Especially, we should care about girls and adolescents in lower socioeconomic status.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.49-57
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• 2020

Purpose: This study aimed to identify and compare the risk factors of depression among middle-class Korean workers. Methods: A cross sectional study was designed for secondary data analysis. From the 8th Korean Medical Panel Survey (2008~2013), a total of 3,056 data was drawn and analyzed. With SPSS version 24, a developmental stage comparison, with the stage being young adults (20~39), middle-aged adults (40~64), and older adults (65+) were conducted. Frequency, percentage, 𝑥² test and logistic regression analysis were statistical tools used to analyze the data. Results: In all developmental groups, experience of frustration was found to be a common risk factor of depression. Stress from excessive task, peer-compared subjective health status, and self-perceived social class were risk factors of depression in the young adults and the middle-aged adults. Anxiety for the future significantly influenced depression in the middle-aged adults and older adults. Conclusion: Experience of frustration was a major risk factor of depression among Korean middle-class workers. Interventions to reduce depression need to be developed focusing on the specific risk factors by developmental stages such as experience of frustration, stress from task burden, poor peer-compared subjective health status and anxiety for the future.

• 동서간호학연구지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.17-25
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• 2019

Purpose: This study investigated the factors influencing sleep quality in adults according to age groups. The escriptive study was conducted in metropolitan areas of South Korea to control for possible sleep differences between adults living in rural areas and those living in cities. Participants were 450 adults between 19 and 65 years old. Methods: Self-administered questionnaires consisting of including the Korean Modified Sleep Leeds Evaluation Questionnaire, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and the Perceived Stress Scale were used to assess the quality of adults' sleep. Results: Sleep quality was poor across the all age groups Stress and subjective health status were influencing factors of sleep quality among participants in their 20s; subjective health status and circadian rhythm (evening-type) were influencing factors of those in their 30s; subjective health status, alcohol consumption, and work days of less than 8 hours were influencing factors among participants in their 40s; and stress, circadian rhythm (evening-type), subjective health status, work days of over 11 hours, past smoking habit, and light physical activity were influencing factors of those aged 50 years and over. Conclusion: The quality of sleep was low across the all adult age groups in South Korea. Although the factors influencing quality of sleep differed by age groups, they in general indicate the need to focus on maintaining and controlling health status in sleep interventions.