• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.801-809
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• 1998

This study was carried out the group communication program which I had composed of using the Satir's communication family theory and skills. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects on the dysfunctional communication self-esteem and depression, executed this program for the mothers group with caring the mental disorders. and then for the test of some hypotheses it was devided two groups ; the experimental group(n=20) and control group(n=25). In the control group they were learned two session family education program in the psychiatric clinics of Pusan National University Hospital and in the experimental group they had experienced during the 10 session by the group communication program. In the methods of the statistics on this datas, it was to statistics X²test for the comparison between the experimental group and control group with general characteristics. The effect of the Group Communication Program was to analyse ANCOVA between pre-post test on the disfunctional communication, self-esteem and depression in the control group and experimental group. The conclusions were derived from the results and test of hypothesis as followings ; 1) The results were tested the differentiation between the experimental and control group, and the pre-post test in the experimental group with dysfunctional communication self-esteem and depression. Some hypothesis were tested and supported as followings : It was supported that the level of dysfunctional communication of the experimental group would be lower than the control group (Hypothesis 1) It was supported that the level of self-esteem of the experimental group would be higher than the control group (Hypothesis 2). It was supported that the level of depression of the experimental group would be lower than the control group (Hypothesis 3). 2) The relation of the dysfunctional communication with the self-esteem was presented negative correlation and with the depression was not correlation. The relation of the self-esteem with the depression was presented significantly negative correlation. The relation of the sacrificuny pattern of dysfuntional communication with the self-esteem was presented negative correlation and with the depression positive correlation.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.367-377
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was done to compare factors influencing children's self-esteem between two parent families and single parent families. Methods: The participants were 692 children aged 11 to 13 yr (388 in two parent families and 304 in single parent families) recruited from 20 community agencies and 5 elementary schools in Gyeonggi Province and Seoul City, South Korea. Data were collected from May to July, 2007 using a survey questionnaire containing items on self-esteem, internal control, problematic behavior, school record, family hardiness, parent-child communication and social support. The data were analyzed using SPSS 15.0 program and factors affecting children's self-esteem were analyzed by stepwise multiple regression. Results: Scores for the study variables were significantly different between the two groups. The factors influencing children's self-esteem were also different according to family type. For two parent families, internal control, problematic behavior, school record, and parent-child communication significantly predicted the level of self-esteem (adjusted $R^2$=.505, p<.001). For single parent families, social support, family hardiness, internal control, problematic behavior, school record, and parent-child communication significantly predicted the level of self-esteem (adjusted $R^2$=.444, p<.001). Conclusion: Nurse working with children should consider family type-specific factors influencing their self-esteem.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.388-396
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• 2008

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of malocclusion on the self-esteem of female university students. Methods: The subjects were composed of 67 female university students who showed Class 1 molar relation, no missing or supernumerary teeth and has had no orthodontic treatment experience. Each subject was evaluated with Rosenberg's Self-esteem Scale to measure the level of self-esteem and also evaluated the degree of anterior crowding and lip protrusion through model analysis and cephalometric soft tissue profile analysis. Results: The results showed that a protrusive profile and crowding of upper anterior teeth had significant reducing effects on the level of self-esteem. The protrusion and crowding groups showed no significant differences in self-esteem between groups. Conclusions: Malocclusion had significant negative effects on the self-esteem of female university students. Further research to investigate the negative psychological influence of malocclusion and the education of lay people about this influence is necessary.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.470-479
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify an influence of self-esteem and familysupport on powerlessness of hospitalized elderly patients with chronic disease. Method: The subjects were 151 hospitalized elderly patients, age over 60, with chronic disease and admitted for at least 1 week. The data were collected by individual interview using a structured questionnaire during the period from July 10th to August l0th, 2003 from three general hospitals in Busan. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, hierarchical multiple regression. Result: The level of self-esteem, family support, and powerlessness was 38.00, 38.26, and 38.38, respectively. There was a significant positive correlation between self-esteem and family support and a negative correlation between self-esteem and powerlessness and between family support and powerlessness. Self-esteem and family support were each significant predictor of powerlessness. Conclusion: This study showed the hospitalized elderly patients need greater family-support and higher self-esteem to relieve the level of powerlessness. I suggest to study for replication in a larger sample size and considering the lengths of hospitalization for generalization of this study and to develop individual intervention programs for increasing family support and self esteem and testify their effects on the relief of powerlessness of the elderly.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.673-682
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between self-esteem and quality of life (QOL) and between coping type and quality of life (QOL) in mothers of handicapped children and (further to identify the level of self-esteem and quality of life of the subjects. The subjects of this study were the 51 mothers of handicapped children who were registered in two special schools in Taejon. The data were collected using a questionnaire and the period of the data collection was from April 18th to May 26th, 1997. The instruments for this study were Rosenberg's self-esteem scale, Folkman & Lazarus's Ways of Coping Checklist(WCC) and the quality of life scale designed by Ro, You Ja. The results were analyzed using SPSS/PC/sup +/. Data analysis included the descriptive correlational statistics of ANOVA. Pearson Correlational Coefficient, and t-test. The results are as follows : 1. The level of self-esteem showed a mean score 34.51 and the level of QOL, a mean score 137.55. An Active type of coping was used more of fen than a passive one. 2. The level of self-esteem differed according to monthly income and was significantly higher in mothers of children with acquired handicaps than those of children with congenital handicaps. The level of QOL differed according to monthly income. 3. There was a positive correlation between health status and self-esteem(r=.355, p<.05), and between health status and QOL(r=.367, p<.01). 4. Test for hypothesis ; Hypothesis 1, "The higher the level of self-esteem in mothers of handicapped children, the higher their level of quality of life will be. "was supported (r=.755, p<.001) Hypothesis 2, "The QOL level for the active coping group as compared to the passive coping group will be higher. " was not supported.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.131-146
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• 2001

The purpose of this study were to develop cooperative learning lesson plan for middle school home economics class and to identify the effect of cooperative learning on students\` self-esteem. The content of lesson was chosen from the food and nutrition section of home economics textbooks for middle school. The main structure of the lesson plan stems from $\boxDr$Lesson Plan Guide of Structuring Cooperative Learning Lesson Plan for Teachers$\boxUl$ by D. Johnson. R Johnson and E. Holubec. Various kinds of references including media reading materials cooperative group activity reports and cooperative group activity checking lists were newly developed according to the content of lesson. Eight hour lesson plans were developed and applied to 2nd grade middle school students and pre-test and post-test were taken to test the effect of Johnson\`s cooperative learning method on students\` self-esteem. Students at a Middle School located in Seoul were divided into two grouts, the three classes as experimental group and the other three classes as control group. The data were analyzed by ANCOVA using SPSS/WIN program. As a result, the hypothesis that the degree of self-esteem of the experimental group is higher than that of control group was adopted (P.(001). Among the sub-factors of self -esteem. the global self-esteem and the social-peer self-esteem scores of the experimental group were higher than that of the control group(p.(001 each). but the school-academic self-esteem score was not different (p> .05) According to the post-experiment free-style report. student as a dynamic subject could get initiatives and interests in home economics class more effectively by cooperative learning. Therefore, it could be said that cooperative learning has positive effect on the promotion of students\` self-esteem and is considered to be a good teaching method of home economics subject.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.25 no.3 s.87
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• pp.77-87
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• 2007

This study purports to understand the direct and indirect effects between eating disorder behavior of female adolescents and their body-related variables(concerning the degree of diet regime, weight control, body satisfaction, and obesity), self-esteem and internal control, by checking three sub-categorized behavior of eating disorders of diet behavior, bulimia behavior, and eating control behavior. The sample group used for the study consisted of 190 female high school students and 292 female university students; measurement devices used for the study were those of body-related variables, self esteem and internal control, and eating disorder behavior; and data analysis was performed using ${\chi}2$, t-test, Pearson's correlation, regression analysis and path analysis. The results are as follows. First, there is a significant difference between university students and high school students regarding their body satisfaction, weight control experience, and self esteem. University students are more satisfied with their body, have higher self esteem, and control their weight better than high school students. Second, diet behavior shows a correlation with the degree of diet interest, weight control experience, and body satisfaction. Body satisfaction and internal control proved to be correlated with bulimia behavior, while weight control experience, obesity, and self esteem were correlated with eating control behavior. Third, the variables that showed a direct influence on diet behavior as an eating disorder are diet interest, weight control experience, body satisfaction and obesity, in that the explanatory power of the variables is 60.7% with the highest mark on obesity. The variables that showed effects on bulimia are body satisfaction and internal control with an explanatory power of 2.8%. Indirect variables effecting bulimia include objects, diet interest, body satisfaction, and self esteem. The variable with a direct influence on eating control behavior was self esteem with and explanatory power of 4%, whereas the variables of objects, diet interest, body satisfaction, weight control experience, and internal control were all indirectly correlated with eating control behavior.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.209-223
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• 2010

This research how self-esteem and consumption behavior for adolescent consumers are differentiated different psychological home environment and how the psychological home environment during adolescence self-esteem and consumption behavior. The result of the research as follows. First, when the psychological home environment categorized in 4 subgroups, accomplishment-non-accomplishment zone had average 3 points sense of non-accomplishment. Setting the aspiration level and striving to achieve such level were reviewed to be low. In autonomous-heteronomous, it is thought that with more allowance more responsible for actions and autonomous actions such as respecting personal opinions. Secondly, all 5 sub-groups of the self-esteem level for adolescent consumers showed average of approximately 3 points, a normal standard self-esteem When the overall school score is high self-esteem was also given high points. It can be thought that the school scores provide positive or negative effect on pride, future and surrounding situations. When psychological home environment was deemed positive in the relationship between psychological home environment and self-esteem, evaluation and the faith how other people recognize one were also thought positively. Thirdly, 4 subgroups of the consuming behavior for adolescent consumers had under 3 points for trend pursuit, showing a less severe trend pursuit by adolescents then expected. Consumer behavior for different psychological home environment and self-esteem showed that consumers selected a utility, while trendy and unique consumer behavior was found with middle level of open-closeness when a sense of accomplishment was significant among the psychological home environment.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.101-112
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship among self-esteem, degree of appearance concern, clothing attitude and make-up to serve as a basis for the development of more differentiated marketing program for clothing and cosmetics industries that takes the delicate psychological characteristics of women into account. The subjects of this study were 936 adult woman from the age of 20 to the age of 40 living in Daegu. The data were analyzed by using MAVOVA, ANOVA, frequency analysis, the analysis of confidence coefficient and the Cronbach's $\alpha$ were also applied. The result of this study were summarized as follows : 1. The group with a high degree of self-esteem was found out to pursue fashion and interest more than the group with a low degree of self-esteem. The group with a low degree of self-esteem was found out to have higher conformity than the group with a high degree of self-esteem. It was found out that the group with a high degree of self-esteem shows a higher degree of make-up than the group with a low degree of self-esteem. 2. The group with a high degree of appearance concern was found out to pursue fashion and interest more than the group with a low degree of appearance concern. It was found out that the group with a low degree of appearance concern shows a higher conformity than the group with a high degree of appearance concern. The group with a high degree of appearance concern shows a higher degree of makeup than the group with a low degree of appearance concern.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.91-102
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• 2020

Objective : This study investigated the effects of time-use intervention, conducted during 8 weeks, on the life satisfaction and self-esteem of stroke patients. Methods : Twenty-one stroke patients who were divided into an experimental group (n=10) and a control group (n=11), participated in this study from July 2019 to October 2019. Life satisfaction changes were measured using the Life satisfaction scale. Self-esteem changes were measured using the Self-esteem scale. Results : First, comparison between pre and post intervention showed a statistically significant difference in life satisfaction and self-esteem (p<.05). Second, comparison between post intervention groups showed a statistically significant difference in life satisfaction and self-esteem (p<.05). Conclusion : Based on the results from this study, we found that time-use intervention has a positive impact on life satisfaction and self-esteem. Therefore, participating in meaningful occupation performance will improve the mental health and quality of life of stroke patients.