• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.38 no.6 s.373
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• pp.549-557
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• 2000

ㆍPurpose: This study was performed to investigate the initial conservative treatment for TMD patients using careful counselling and medication prospectively. ㆍMaterials and Methods: Careful counselling and medication were performed in 51 TMD patients and 27 patients had follow-up check 2 months or more. Diagnosis of TMD was based on medical history and, physical and radiographic examination. TMD included masticatory disorder, internal derangement, degenerative joint disease, inflammatory joint disorder. and problems resulting from extrinsic trauma. All patients had chief complaints of TMJ pain, mouth-opening limitation. joint noise, and/or referred pain. We counselled and explained to the patient about the pathogenesis, etiologic factors, diagnosis and treatment plan for abut 10 minutes. We prescribed nonsteroidal anti-inflammatorv analgesic(Somalgen) and amitriptyline 10mg per day for 2 weeks. We informed the patient of the attention sheet and taught self-exercise of jaw. The patient were assessed by answering the questionnaire of subjective evaluation of TMD & maxillofacial pain. Questionnaire of an activity limitation. Questionnaire of a jaw function, and Questionnaire for the evaluation of TMD. ㆍResults: In questionnaire for the evaluation of TMD, 88.5% of 26 patients answered that the treatment was efficacious. 71.4% of 21 patients answered no problem in everyday life. There were significant differences between pretreatment and final follow-up in the evaluation of the subjective pain in the following sections: opening widely, chewing, resting, morning, masticatory muscle, and temporal portion(SAS program, paired T-test, P = 0.05). ㆍConclusions: Considerate counselling and proper medication could be significantly effectve in the initial treatment of TMD.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.35-51
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to identify the health promotion behavior(HPB) of the labor workers at the cement manufacturing company based on the Health Promotion Model by Pender(1996). Data were collected by self-reported questionnaire from 180 blue workers at the 2 cement factories under the permission of data collection and cooperation with managers in the factories. For data analysis, Descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation, Multiple regression with SPSS/PC + 10.0 version were used. The results were as follows: 1. The average scores for the HPB, consisted of 6 subdimensions was 2.74. The highest mean score was 2.88 in 'Exercise' and the lowest on was 2.58 'Responsibility of health'. 2. The score of the HPB was statistically different according to educational level(p<.00l), perceived health status(p<.00l) and satisfaction of working environment(p<.05). 3. HPB was positively related to age(p<.05), perceived health status(p<.00l), job satisfaction(p<.05), and satisfaction of working environment(p<.05), while it showed negative correlation with educational level(p<.01). 4. According to the results of multiple regression analysis, factors affecting HPB were perceived health status and education level explained 20.3% of variance. From this research findings, we need to different approach in develop health promotion program of Cement manufacturing company workers and focusing on improvement to job satisfaction and satisfaction of working environment.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.117-131
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• 2004

Purpose: This study was conducted to evaluate the health behaviors and to find out risk factors of blood pressure of adult women in a rural area. Method: The convenient sample consisted of 159 adult women who lived in G-gun. The data was collected using a self-report questionnaire for health behaviors and mercury type sphygmomanometer for BP, between Jun I and August 15, 2003. Health behaviors measured smoking, alcohol, salt, lipid, stress, exercise, coffee, BMI and medication. To accomplish the goal of study, descriptive statistics, t-test, $x^2$-test, ANOVA and multiple regression analysis were. performed with SPSS 10.0. Results: The average age of subjects was 49.2(SD7.34)years old. The average SBP and DBP of subjects were 126.22mmHg(SDl6.73) and 8 1.25mmHg(SDl 0.31). There were significant differences in smoking(p=.000), cigarette consumption(p=.001), smoking duration(p=.000), BMI(p=.033), medication (p=.001), family history(p=.000) between normotensive and hypertensive. The main risk factors on SBP were medication, age, BMI, family history and smoking duration by 35.7% of the total variance these variables explained SBP. The main risk factors on DBP were BMI, education and medication by 17.60% of the total variance these variables explained DBP. Conclusion: These results suggest that health professional have to emphasize prevention of obesity, lasting medication and no smoking for prevention and management of hypertension in community health promotion program.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.49 no.8
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• pp.85-95
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between preschool teachers' multiple intelligence and their teaching and learning plans. For this purpose, multiple intelligences test(K-MIDAS) was conducted on 80 teachers in kindergartens located in Seoul and Gyeongsangnam-do and they were asked to map out teaching and learning plans about topics. The data were analysed with descriptive statistics and Pearson's correlation using SPSS PC program(16.0 version). Major findings were as follows: Teachers had the highest levels in interpersonal intelligence, followed by musical intelligence and linguistic intelligence; interpersonal intelligence and linguistic intelligence accounted for an especially high proportion of their teaching and learning plans. The higher a preschool teacher's physical activity intelligence, the greater the proportion of physical exercise, music, and logic and mathematics in their teaching plans. It was also found that preschool teachers with higher levels linguistic intelligence made more plans on self-understanding, whereas preschool teachers with higher levels of intelligence in the observation and investigation of nature made more plans on spatial area.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.341-352
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• 1997

The study was to examine the relationships among health promoting lifestyle, level of anxiety, and perceived health status and to reveal those variables. affecting health promoting lifestyle in Korean immigrants in the United States. The subjects were 425 adults chosen from Korean religious and social organizations located in New York from April 25th through July 5th. 1996. Data analyses were conducted by using Pearson correlation coefficients, t-test, ANOVA, and stepwise multiple regression. The results were as follows : Health promoting lifestyle was significantly different according to age, religion. occupation, and the length of residence in the US. Those insured and those with no chronic conditions revealed a significantly higher score in health promoting lifestyle. Significant differences in the level of anxiety were found according to education, marital status, occupation, family income, and the length of residence. Those with no chronic conditions experienced a significantly lower level of anxiety. In the subscales of the health promoting lifestyle profile, self-actualization and interpersonal relationship revealed higher scores, whereas the scores of stress management, health responsibility, and exercise were lower. Those subjects whose perceived health status was very good, showed the lowest level of anxiety and the highest score on the health promoting lifestyle profile. Negative correlations were observed between the health promoting lifestyle profile and the level of anxiety, and between the perceived health status and the level of anxiety. Health promoting lifestyle was significantly predicted by the level of anxiety(22.0%), age(2.0%), health insurance(1.1%), respectively.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.57-63
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• 2016

Recently, the Lax Vox voice therapy has been used as one of the SOVTE(Semi-Occluded Vocal Tracts Exercise). The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of Lax Vox voice therapy for a patient with Spasmodic dysphonia on voice improvement. One female spasmodic dysphonia patient(age=27) who had been diagnosed by a laryngologist received Lax Vox voice therapy. The Lax Vox protocol was configured as 5 steps (1 warm-up and 4 steps : bubbling without / with phonation/ gliding with phonation/ generalization) in this study. A total of 11 sessions were performed by a certified speech language pathologist. The present study evaluated the acoustic, aerodynamic, auditory perceptual, and patient's self-rating between pre-, mid-, and post- voice therapy. All objective and subjective parameters were improved after voice therapy; Reduced frequency variation, increased maximum phonation time, enlarged voice range, improved 'G' and 'S' in GRBAS & USDRS, and reduced VHI were observed. Especially, decreased $f_0$ and remarkably reduced voice tremor were also demonstrated following Lax Vox voice therapy. Accordingly, Lax Vox voice therapy technique can be useful for improving voice and quality of life in patients with spasmodic dysphonia.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.99-106
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• 2008

This study was conducted to evaluated the level of moral development of dental hygiene students in Korea. Data were collected through self reported questionnaires received from 197 dental hygiene students from May 6 to 28, 2008. The Korean version of the DIT(Defining issues Test) was adopted to evaluate levels of moral development that the score of P(%) and stage 4. The data were analyzed by a descriptive analyses and t-test. The mean score of P(%) and stage 4 was $45.21{\pm}12.69$ and $21.28{\pm}11.06$ respectively. The score of P(%) revealed significant difference by experience of ethical education, medical ethics education and work ethics education and necessity of medical and work ethics education, clinical practice exercise. The score of stage 4 revealed significant differences by necessity of work ethics education, participation of ethics education and importance of ethics education. In conclusion, for enhancing dental hygienists' moral development it is necessary to improve the curriculum and to develop the ethics education.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.567-576
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• 2020

Purpose: Not enough attention has been paid to defecation habits in Japan. This study aimed to emphasize the importance of defecation habits on health and function in Japanese pupils. Methods: Using multiple regression analysis, 2,722 questionnaires obtained from pupils in grades 5 to 12 were analyzed to determine lifestyle habits associated with defecation frequency. Results: Significant regression formulae for defecation scores were obtained for all school types: elementary school (ES) (adjusted R²=0.08, p<0.001), junior high school (JHS) (0.09, p<0.001), and senior high school (SHS) (0.15, p<0.001). The following factors were associated with poorer defecation scores, according to school type: female gender (all 3 school types), breakfast skipping (elementary and JHSs), lower physical activity (JHSs and SHSs), and longer school-day screen time (elementary and SHSs). In addition, poorer self-reported academic performance scores in ES, less standardized body mass index (BMI) in JHS, and shorter non-school- day screen time scores in SHS, were associated with poorer defecation scores. Conclusion: Poor defecation frequency showed significant associations with various lifestyle habits, such as breakfast skipping, physical activity, and screen time, among pupils. Academic performance and standardized BMI were also associated with defecation frequency. More attention should be paid to defecation frequency to sustain health and function in pupils.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.28 no.12
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• pp.1150-1154
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• 1995

Pneumomediastinum[Mediastinal emphysema is characterized by the presence of air in the mediastinum, and classified as spontaneous[occurring without obvious cause or secondary[caused by a trauma or artificial ventilation . To study the clinical evaluation of pneumomediastinum, data were obtained from 20 patients. The incidences of spontaneous pneumomedisastinum were 5 and those of secondary pneumomedistinum were 15 cases. The mean age was 21.2$\pm$3.4 years[$\pm$SD in spontaneous pneumomediastinum and 44.1$\pm$20.0 years[$\pm$SD in secondary pneumomediastinum. There were 16 male and 4 female patients. The common presenting compliants were retrosternal pain in 19 patients[95% , dyspnea in 12[60% , and hoarsness in 2[10% . The predisposing factors were asthma,excessive exercise and vomiting in spontaneous pneumomediastinum;trauma, artificial ventilation, tracheostomy, the rupture of trachea or esophagus in secondary pneumomediastinum. The physical findings were subcutaneous emphysema in 17 patients[85% , Hamman`s sign in 11 patients[55% and decreased cardiac dullness in 2 patients[10% . Spontaneous pneumomediastinums were managed conservatively, however, surigical procedures were needed in secondary pneumomediastinums. There was no recurrence, but one patinet died of tension pneumomedistinum. We concluded that spontaneous pneumomediastinum is uncommon, usually benign, and self-limited and secondary pneumomedistinum due to trauma or artificial ventilation is more increasing, and necessitates the early, aggressive intervention.

• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.167-178
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of health-related quality of life among the aged who have been living in one urban community. The number of participants was 167 of people who were 60 and over. health-related quality of life was measured by EQ-5D in Korean Version. The order of frequency of 5 domain in EQ-5D were pain/discomfort, mobility, anxiety/depression, usual activity, self care. 32 of profiles were found from the study participants, and '11111' among them was 28.7%. Mean of EQ-5D index was $0.82{\pm}0.14$. Multiple Regression analysis of health-related quality of life explained 31% of variance of health-related quality of life using EQ-5D. In this analysis, age, regular exercise, spouse were found to be predictors to health-related quality of life measured by EQ-5D. The finding of this study will be the basis of well organized model of health-related quality of life for the aged.