• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.347-361
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• 1999

This study was undertaken in order to determine the relationship among a health locus of control. self-esteem. perceived health status. and health promoting behavior in order to determine factors affecting health promoting lifestyle in college students. The subject were 137 students of one university in Kyungsan. The analysis of data was done with a mean. percentage. Pearson correlation coefficient. and Stepwise multiple regression with an SAS program. The result of this study ware as follows: 1. Performance in health-promoting behavior was significantly correlated with self-efficacy and self-esteem 2. Performance in self-achievement was significantly correlated with self-efficacy, self-esteem, and perceived health status. Performance in health responsibility was significantly correlated with self-efficacy and self-esteem Performance in exercise was significantly correlated with self-efficacy and perceived health status. Performance in nutrition was significantly correlated with self-efficacy. self-esteem. and perceived health status. Performance in interpersonal support was significantly correlated with self-efficacy. internal locus of control. and self-esteem Performance in stress management was significantly correlated with self-efficacy, self-esteem. and perceived health status. 3. Self-efficacy was the highest factor predicting health promoting lifestyles. 4. Self-efficacy was the highest factor predicting self-achievement. health responsibility. exercise. nutrition. and stress management. Self-esteem was the highest factor predicting interpersonal support. From this research findings, we need to develop health promoting program and health education focusing on exercise, health responsibility for college students.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.219-229
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• 2013

PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was to investigate a influence in Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation, and self-assisted ROM exercise of shoulder adhesive capsulitis. METHODS: The methods of the study was to investigate a change in range of motion (ROM), an increase in ROM, visual analogue scale (VAS) and disability questionnaire by Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation, and self-assisted ROM exercise on 32 patients who were diagnosed with shoulder adhesive capsulitis. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between the two groups who were treated in the Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation and self-assistive ROM exercise group for flexion, extension, internal rotation, external rotation, VAS and disability questionnaire. Both group's flexion, extension, internal ratation, and external rotation levels were significantly different before and after the treatment. And significant statistical decrease in VAS and disability was seen. The extension of the shoulder joint was closely related to external rotation (r=0.84). There was a close relationship between internal rotation and external rotation at the shoulder joint. There was no increased range of extension through the exercise method. However, flexion, extension, internal rotation, external rotation, VAS, and disability questionnaire of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation groups were obviously higher than in the self-assisted ROM exercise group. CONCLUSION: Our study suggest that considering Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation for the patient who has shoulder adhesive capsulitis in clinic.

• Journal of Korean Academic Society of Home Health Care Nursing
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.29-36
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate an exercise program for elderly community-dwelling adults. The program was intended to improve joint flexibility and self-efficacy and to reduce blood pressure. Methods: A quasi-experimental, nonequivalent control group pre-post test design was used to evaluate the program. Twenty-six subjects were enrolled in the experimental group, and twenty-seven subjects were enrolled in the control group. The program was carried out between March 6 and May 4, 2006. The experimental group subjects participated in the exercise program once a week for eight weeks and received a phone call weekly to encourage self-exercise at home. Results: After program participation, the experimental group subjects showed significantly higher flexibility in the right shoulder joint and higher self-efficacy than subjects in the control group. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures were also significantly lower in the experimental group subjects. However, there were no significant differences in knee joint flexibility between the two groups after the intervention. Conclusion: The eight-week exercise program was effective in decreasing blood pressure and improving joint flexibility and self-efficacy in older adults. This study suggests that this exercise program could be utilized as an effective independent nursing intervention modality in elderly persons.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.12-25
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of aerobic rhythmical exercise program on $VO_2$ max, leg strength, grip strength, flexibility, exercise self-efficacy and quality of life in elderly. This quai-experimental study was designed as a non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest study. 36 subjects, aged between 65 and 73 years who have normal cognition. sensory function and cerebellum function participated in this study. 19 experimental group subjects participated aerobic rhythmical exercise program. Aerobic rhythmical exercise program was developed on the basis of calisthenics, stretching, aerobic exercise, Korean traditional dance and music by the author. The program consisted of approximately 1 hours of exercise, 3 times a week for 9 weeks. During 1 hours workout, there were 15 minutes of warm-up dancing, 35 minutes of conditioning dance and 10 minutes of cool-down dancing. The intensity for the conditioning phase was between $40\%\;and\;60\%$ of age adiusted maximum heart rates. The $VO_2$ max, grip strength, leg strength, flexibility, exercise self-efficacy and quality of life were measured prior to and following the experimental treatment. Data were analyzed with $x^2-test$, t-test, mean, standard deviation. percentage of change and ANCOVA test using SAS program. Results were obtained as follows. 1. The $VO_2$ max of the experimental group were significantly lower than those of the control group following the aerobic rhythmical exercise program(F=7.76, p=0.008). 2. The grip strength of the experimental group were significantly lower than those of the control group following the aerobic rhythmical exercise program(F=4.61, p=0.039). 3. The leg strength of the experimental group were significantly lower than those of the control group following the aerobic rhythmical exercise program(F=9.29, p=0.000). 4. The was no significantly difference of flexibility between experimental and control group 5. The self-efficacy of the experimental group were significantly lower than those of the control group following the aerobic rhythmical exercise program(F=43.40, p=0.000). 6. The quality of life of the experimental group were significantly lower than those of the control group following the aerobic rhythmical exercise program(F=8.91. p=0.005). The results suggest that aerobic rhythmical exercise program can improve $VO_2$ max, grip strength. leg strength. exercise self-efficacy and quality of life elderly. Thus. aerobic rhythmical exercise program was a useful nursing intervention for elderly.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.116-125
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• 1991

The purposes of this study are to identify the degree of exercise intent and behavior and to determine factors influencing exercise and behavior in middle school students. The subjects for this study were 658 middle school students in Chonbuk area. The data were obtained by questionaire for the period from Nov. 1 to Dec. 20, 1990. The instrument used for the study were included 6 existing scales and 2 scales developed by the researcher for this study. They are: 1) The exercise intent scale to assess the exercise plan even when they had no longer physical education. 2) The current exercise behavior to measure of exercise frequency for 1 week. 3) The scale to measure the level of self -esteem. 4) The scale to measure the level of knowledge about exercise. 5) The scale to measure the level of the perceived ability to make commitment. 6) The scale to measure the level of the perceived benifit of exercise. 7) The scale to measure the level of the perceived athletic ability. 8) The scale to measure the level of the attitude toward physical education. The data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, one way ANOVA, Pearson Coeffecients Correlation and stepwise multiple regression. The following; results were obtained. 1. Exercise intent level was in the intermediate range(mean on five point scale of 3.66, with 1 = definitely no). 2. The current exercise behavior level was relatively low(mean=1.77, with l=less than once per week and 4 = 4 or more times per week). 3. Self -esteem levels were in the intermediate range(mean on five point scale of 2.96, a mean of 5.0 indicate highest level of self-esteem.) 4. The levels of perceived ability to make commitments were in the intermediate range(mean=3.05, with 5.0 as most able). 5. The levels of perceived exercise as benificial were relatively high(mean=3.72, with 5.0 as most benificial). 6. Knowledge levels about exercise were realatively high(mean=3.97, with 5.0 as most knowledgeable). 7. The levels of perceived athletic ability were in intermediate range(mean=3.01, with 5.0 as highest score). 8. The levels of attitudes toward physical education were in the intermediate range(mean=3.29, with 5.0 as most favorable). 9. Among the general characteristic variables, sex, interest sports activities were related to the difference of exercise intent levels. 10. Of the predictor variables analyzed, self - esteem, perceived benifit of exercise, perceived athletic ability, knowledge about exercise and attitude about physical education correlated significantly and positively with exercise intent. Correlations of predictors with current exercise behavior were similiar to exercise intent, exept knowledge about exercise. 11. The stepwise multiple regression analysis shows findings as follows: 1) The most important factor to explain the difference of exercise intent was current exercise behavior. 2) The most improtant factor to explain the difference of current exercise behavior was perceived athletic ability.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.20-30
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• 2001

This study was conducted to identify the effects of a planned exercise program based on Bandura's self efficacy model on metabolism, and the exercise compliance in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. The study design was a nonequivalent pre-test post-test control design. Thirty four type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, who received follow-up care regularly through the diabetic out-patient clinic, were randomly sampled for this study. Twenty patients were assigned to the experimental group and fourteen patients were assigned to the control group. In the experimental group, a planned exercise program is composed of an individualized exercise prescription for 12 weeks, an individual education, and even a telephone coach program. In the case of the control group, they were instructed to continue with their usual schedules. The data collection period was from March 1999 to February 2000 Data were analyzed using SPSS/WINDOW 10.0 program. The results were as follows. 1. In the experimental group, the level of fasting blood sugar has significantly decreased from 188.20 mg/㎗ to 155.55 mg/㎗ after planned exercise program (F= 16.86, p=.000). For lipid metabolism, body fat per cutaneous decreased from 27.16% to 26.57% after planned exercise program. The score of self efficacy has increased from 64.20 to 66.65 after planned exercise program and it was statistically significant (F=4.850, p=.040) The functional vital capacity has increased from 3.28$\ell$ to 3.37$\ell$and it was statistically significant(F=7.300, p=.020). 2. In an after effect of a planned exercise program, 35 percent of the subjects who participated in a planned exercise program continued to exercise for another six months. In conclusion, the planned exercise program can improve cardiopulmonary function, glucose, and lipid metabolism. This program was show a positive effect on the self efficacy and exercise compliance.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.293-300
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• 2007

Purpose: To examine the effect of the exercise behavior modification therapy one the obesity control and self-esteem of the obese female college students. Method: Data was collected from March 10, 2006 to June 10, 2006. The research design was adopted randomized control group (EG=exercise group) pretest-posttest experimental ($E{\cdot}BG$=exercise${\cdot}$behavior modification therapy group) design. The subjects were nursing students at T college. A total of 37 obese female college students (BMI: over $27mg/m^2$) were selected for this research. The exercise program was executed for 12 weeks and 4 days a week, and the behavior modification was therapy performed for 12 weeks and 60 minutes per week. The data were analyzed with the SPSS Win 12.0 program through the Mann-Whitney test. Result: BMI (Z=-3.049, p=.002) of the $E{\cdot}BG$ was significantly different from the EG. The Total Cholesterol(Z=-1.162, p= .250) of the $E{\cdot}BG$ was not significantly different from the EG. The self-esteem(Z=-3.196, p= .001) of the $E{\cdot}BG$ was significantly different from the EG. Conclusion: The exercise behavior modification therapy was more effective than the exercise therapy in improving the obesity and self-esteem of the obese female college students.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.217-229
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to analyze the needs of instructors for developing self-help and aquatic exercise programs of Korean Rheumatology Health Professionals Society (KRHPS). Data were collected by self-administered questionnaires via mail for 63 out of 248 certified instructors from KRHPS. Authors analyzed the data based upon following 3 criteria, 1) demographical data of the instructors, 2) content of the programs, 3) evaluation of arthritis self-help and aquatic exercise program. As a result, most of respondents satisfied with the two programs in general, but they need some modification of the program in partly. They need more information about practical method of exercise, complementary theray, and treatment of arthritis. Also they proposed developing more interesting exercise program which can be learn with ease and enjoyable. It is also suggested that developing new exercise program would be needed to improve adherence of exercise.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.31-41
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to test the effects of self-help program offered to patients with arthritis. Method: A quasi-experimental study design with nonequivalent groups was employed for the study. The subjects in the experimental group were 19 residents of K City who visited K Health Center with chief complaints of osteoarthritis and who agreed to participate in the self-help program from January through April 2003. The subjects in the control group were 18 patients with arthritis, selected among patients on the waiting list of self-help program using random sampling method. Data related to pain, ADL, exercise self-efficacy, and knowledge about arthritis were obtained from both groups. SPSS Win 11.5 was used for the data analysis. Results: The results of this study were as follows. 1. The pain score and exercise self-efficacy of the study group were significantly higher than the control group. 2. The ADL score and knowledge about arthritis were not significantly higher than the control group. Conclusion: Based on the study results, self-help program was proved to be effective in alleviating pain, and promoting exercise self-efficacy related to arthritis.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.156-168
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• 1997

This study was undertaken in order to examine the relationship of self-efficacy, control, perceived health status. self-esteem, social support, and demographic characteristics to health promoting lifestyle of college students, and to determine factors affecting health promoting lifestyle of college students. The subjects were 92 students of one university in Taejon. The instruments used for this study were a survey of general characteristics, health promoting lifestyle(44 items), self-efficacy (28 items), self-esteem(10 items). control(8 items), perceived heath status(1 item), and social support(12 items). Analysis of data was done by use of mean, percentage, t-test. ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise regression with SAS program. The results of this study are as follows. 1) The average item score for the health promoting lifestyles was low at 2.30. In the sub-categories, the highest degree of performance was interpersonal support(2.90), and the lowest degree was exercise(1.67). 2) Male students showed a significant higher score in exercise subscale than female students. Students who had more income had higher scores in self actualization subscale. Students who's family had experienced severe disease had higher scores in health responsibility and interpersonal support subscale. Students who had experienced exercise had higher scores in total health promoting lifestyle, exercise, interpersonal support, and stress management subscale. 3) Significant correlation between perceived health status and self-efficacy, perceived health status and self-esteem, control and self-efficacy, control and self-esteem, control and social support, self-esteem and self-efficacy was found. 4) Self-efficacy and control revealed significant correlations with total health promoting lifestyle and all subscales of health promoting lifestyle except self actualization, A significant correlation between perceived health status and self actualization subscale was found. Self-esteem revealed significant correlations only with self actualization and interpersonal support subscale. 5) Significant correlations were found between most of the subscales of total health promoting lifestyle. 6) Self-efficacy was the highest factor predicting health promoting lifestyles of college students (30.55%). Self-efficacy and control accounted for 36.55% in health promoting lifestyle of college students.